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----
-title: Consoles
----
-
-# Serial
-
-## Disable serial console
-
-The serial console should be disabled to prevent an attacker from accessing this
-powerful interface.
-
-<!-- section-config -->
-
-Domain | `Config` name | `Value`
------------------------- | ---------------------------- | -------
-Kernel-Consoles-Serial-1 | `CONFIG_SERIAL_8250` | `n`
-Kernel-Consoles-Serial-2 | `CONFIG_SERIAL_8250_CONSOLE` | `n`
-Kernel-Consoles-Serial-3 | `CONFIG_SERIAL_CORE` | `n`
-Kernel-Consoles-Serial-4 | `CONFIG_SERIAL_CORE_CONSOLE` | `n`
-
-<!-- end-section-config -->
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-## Bake-in the kernel command-line
-
-The kernel command-line is used to control many aspects of the booting kernel,
-and is prone to tampering as they are passed in RAM with little to no reverse
-validation on these parameters. To prevent this type of attack, the kernel shall
-be configured to ignore commands line arguments, and use pre-configured (compile
-time) options instead.
-
-Set the kernel command line in the `CONFIG_CMDLINE KConfig` item and then pass
-no arguments from the bootloader.
-
-<!-- section-config -->
-
-Domain | `Config` name | `Value`
------------------------------ | ------------------------- | -----------------------------------
-Kernel-Consoles-CommandLine-1 | `CONFIG_CMDLINE_BOOL` | `y`
-Kernel-Consoles-CommandLine-2 | `CONFIG_CMDLINE` | `"insert kernel command line here"`
-Kernel-Consoles-CommandLine-3 | `CONFIG_CMDLINE_OVERRIDE` | `y`
-
-<!-- end-section-config -->
-
-It is recommended that any per-device settings (e.g: MAC addresses, serial
-numbers, etc.) be stored and accessed from read-only memory (or files), and that
-any such parameters be verified (signature checking) prior to their use.
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-## Disable KGDB
-
-The Linux kernel supports KGDB over USB and console ports. These mechanisms are
-controlled by the `kgdbdbgp` and `kgdboc` kernel command-line parameters. It is
-important to ensure that no shipping product contains a kernel with KGDB
-compiled-in.
-
-<!-- section-config -->
-
-Domain | `Config` name | `Value`
----------------------- | ------------- | -------
-Kernel-Consoles-KDBG-1 | `CONFIG_KGDB` | `n`
-
-<!-- end-section-config -->
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-## Disable magic sysrq support
-
-On a few architectures, you can access a powerful debugger interface from the
-keyboard. The same powerful interface can be present on the serial console
-(responding to serial break) of Linux on other architectures. Disable to avoid
-potentially exposing this powerful backdoor.
-
-<!-- section-config -->
-
-Domain | `Config` name | `Value`
------------------------ | -------------------- | -------
-Kernel-Consoles-SysRQ-1 | `CONFIG_MAGIC_SYSRQ` | `n`
-
-<!-- end-section-config -->
-
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-## Disable support for binary formats other than ELF
-
-This will make possible to plug wrapper-driven binary formats into the kernel.
-It enables support for binary formats other than ELF. Providing the ability to
-use alternate interpreters would assist an attacker in discovering attack
-vectors.
-
-<!-- section-config -->
-
-Domain | `Config` name | `Value`
------------------------------- | -------------------- | -------
-Kernel-Consoles-BinaryFormat-1 | `CONFIG_BINFMT_MISC` | `n`
-
-<!-- end-section-config -->