Merge "Refactor : Hide wayland operations from Window Manager"

20 files changed, 946 insertions, 16112 deletions

diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index e1cb0db..8a69a43 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -26,55 +26,6 @@ set(PACKAGE_VERSION "${PACKAGE_VERSION_MAJOR}.${PACKAGE_VERSION_MINOR}.${PACKAGE
 find_package(PkgConfig REQUIRED)
 include(GNUInstallDirs)
 
-pkg_check_modules(WLC wayland-client>=1.11.0 REQUIRED)
-
-macro(wlproto var_basename proto_xml_basename)
-   if("${WLSCAN}" STREQUAL "")
-      find_program(WLSCAN NAMES wayland-scanner)
-   endif()
-
-   if(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/protocol)
-      set(proto_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/protocol")
-   elseif(EXISTS ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../protocol)
-      set(proto_dir "${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../protocol")
-   else()
-      message(FATAL_ERROR "Could not find ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/protocol or ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../protocol")
-   endif()
-
-   add_custom_command(
-      OUTPUT
-         ${proto_xml_basename}-protocol.c
-         #${proto_xml_basename}-server-protocol.h
-         ${proto_xml_basename}-client-protocol.h
-      MAIN_DEPENDENCY ${proto_dir}/${proto_xml_basename}.xml
-      COMMAND ${WLSCAN} code <          ${proto_dir}/${proto_xml_basename}.xml > ${proto_xml_basename}-protocol.c
-      #COMMAND ${WLSCAN} server-header < ${proto_dir}/${proto_xml_basename}.xml > ${proto_xml_basename}-server-protocol.h
-      COMMAND ${WLSCAN} client-header < ${proto_dir}/${proto_xml_basename}.xml > ${proto_xml_basename}-client-protocol.h
-   )
-
-   set(${var_basename}_PROTO ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${proto_xml_basename}-protocol.c)
-   set(${var_basename}_CLIENT ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${proto_xml_basename}-client-protocol.h)
-   #set(${var_basename}_SERVER ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${proto_xml_basename}-server-protocol.h)
-
-   include_directories(${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR})
-endmacro()
-
-# Should modernize the following somehow...
-set(ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT OFF CACHE BOOL "Enable debug logging")
-if(ENABLE_DEBUG_OUTPUT)
-   add_definitions(-DDEBUG_OUTPUT)
-else()
-   remove_definitions(-DDEBUG_OUTPUT)
-endif()
-
-# Should modernize the following somehow...
-set(ENABLE_SCOPE_TRACING OFF CACHE BOOL "Enable scope enter/leave messages for certain parts of the code.")
-if(ENABLE_SCOPE_TRACING)
-   add_definitions(-DSCOPE_TRACING)
-else()
-   remove_definitions(-DSCOPE_TRACING)
-endif()
-
 set(SANITIZER_MODE "none" CACHE STRING "Build using a specific sanitizer (e.g. 'address', 'thread', 'leak', 'undefined'), depends on compiler; default none")
 
 set(LINK_LIBCXX OFF CACHE BOOL "Link against LLVMs libc++")
diff --git a/LICENSE.MIT b/LICENSE.MIT
deleted file mode 100644
index 0f2dc0f..0000000
--- a/LICENSE.MIT
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
-Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a 
-copy of this software and associated documentation files (the 
-"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including 
-without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, 
-distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to 
-permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to 
-the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be 
-included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, 
-EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF 
-MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND 
-NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE 
-LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION 
-OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION 
-WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/include/json.hpp b/include/json.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 6dfc183..0000000
--- a/include/json.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,13003 +0,0 @@
-/*
-    __ _____ _____ _____
- __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++
-|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.1.1
-|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
-
-Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
-Copyright (c) 2013-2017 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
-
-Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
-of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
-to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
-copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
-furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
-FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
-AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
-LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
-SOFTWARE.
-*/
-
-#ifndef NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_HPP
-
-#include <algorithm> // all_of, copy, fill, find, for_each, none_of, remove, reverse, transform
-#include <array> // array
-#include <cassert> // assert
-#include <cctype> // isdigit
-#include <ciso646> // and, not, or
-#include <cmath> // isfinite, labs, ldexp, signbit
-#include <cstddef> // nullptr_t, ptrdiff_t, size_t
-#include <cstdint> // int64_t, uint64_t
-#include <cstdlib> // abort, strtod, strtof, strtold, strtoul, strtoll, strtoull
-#include <cstring> // strlen
-#include <forward_list> // forward_list
-#include <functional> // function, hash, less
-#include <initializer_list> // initializer_list
-#include <iomanip> // setw
-#include <iostream> // istream, ostream
-#include <iterator> // advance, begin, back_inserter, bidirectional_iterator_tag, distance, end, inserter, iterator, iterator_traits, next, random_access_iterator_tag, reverse_iterator
-#include <limits> // numeric_limits
-#include <locale> // locale
-#include <map> // map
-#include <memory> // addressof, allocator, allocator_traits, unique_ptr
-#include <numeric> // accumulate
-#include <sstream> // stringstream
-#include <stdexcept> // domain_error, invalid_argument, out_of_range
-#include <string> // getline, stoi, string, to_string
-#include <type_traits> // add_pointer, conditional, decay, enable_if, false_type, integral_constant, is_arithmetic, is_base_of, is_const, is_constructible, is_convertible, is_default_constructible, is_enum, is_floating_point, is_integral, is_nothrow_move_assignable, is_nothrow_move_constructible, is_pointer, is_reference, is_same, is_scalar, is_signed, remove_const, remove_cv, remove_pointer, remove_reference, true_type, underlying_type
-#include <utility> // declval, forward, make_pair, move, pair, swap
-#include <vector> // vector
-
-// exclude unsupported compilers
-#if defined(__clang__)
-    #if (__clang_major__ * 10000 + __clang_minor__ * 100 + __clang_patchlevel__) < 30400
-        #error "unsupported Clang version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers"
-    #endif
-#elif defined(__GNUC__)
-    #if (__GNUC__ * 10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__) < 40900
-        #error "unsupported GCC version - see https://github.com/nlohmann/json#supported-compilers"
-    #endif
-#endif
-
-// disable float-equal warnings on GCC/clang
-#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
-    #pragma GCC diagnostic push
-    #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wfloat-equal"
-#endif
-
-// disable documentation warnings on clang
-#if defined(__clang__)
-    #pragma GCC diagnostic push
-    #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wdocumentation"
-#endif
-
-// allow for portable deprecation warnings
-#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
-    #define JSON_DEPRECATED __attribute__((deprecated))
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-    #define JSON_DEPRECATED __declspec(deprecated)
-#else
-    #define JSON_DEPRECATED
-#endif
-
-// allow to disable exceptions
-#if not defined(JSON_NOEXCEPTION) || defined(__EXCEPTIONS)
-    #define JSON_THROW(exception) throw exception
-    #define JSON_TRY try
-    #define JSON_CATCH(exception) catch(exception)
-#else
-    #define JSON_THROW(exception) std::abort()
-    #define JSON_TRY if(true)
-    #define JSON_CATCH(exception) if(false)
-#endif
-
-/*!
-@brief namespace for Niels Lohmann
-@see https://github.com/nlohmann
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-namespace nlohmann
-{
-
-/*!
-@brief unnamed namespace with internal helper functions
-
-This namespace collects some functions that could not be defined inside the
-@ref basic_json class.
-
-@since version 2.1.0
-*/
-namespace detail
-{
-///////////////////////////
-// JSON type enumeration //
-///////////////////////////
-
-/*!
-@brief the JSON type enumeration
-
-This enumeration collects the different JSON types. It is internally used to
-distinguish the stored values, and the functions @ref basic_json::is_null(),
-@ref basic_json::is_object(), @ref basic_json::is_array(),
-@ref basic_json::is_string(), @ref basic_json::is_boolean(),
-@ref basic_json::is_number() (with @ref basic_json::is_number_integer(),
-@ref basic_json::is_number_unsigned(), and @ref basic_json::is_number_float()),
-@ref basic_json::is_discarded(), @ref basic_json::is_primitive(), and
-@ref basic_json::is_structured() rely on it.
-
-@note There are three enumeration entries (number_integer, number_unsigned, and
-number_float), because the library distinguishes these three types for numbers:
-@ref basic_json::number_unsigned_t is used for unsigned integers,
-@ref basic_json::number_integer_t is used for signed integers, and
-@ref basic_json::number_float_t is used for floating-point numbers or to
-approximate integers which do not fit in the limits of their respective type.
-
-@sa @ref basic_json::basic_json(const value_t value_type) -- create a JSON
-value with the default value for a given type
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-enum class value_t : uint8_t
-{
-    null,            ///< null value
-    object,          ///< object (unordered set of name/value pairs)
-    array,           ///< array (ordered collection of values)
-    string,          ///< string value
-    boolean,         ///< boolean value
-    number_integer,  ///< number value (signed integer)
-    number_unsigned, ///< number value (unsigned integer)
-    number_float,    ///< number value (floating-point)
-    discarded        ///< discarded by the the parser callback function
-};
-
-/*!
-@brief comparison operator for JSON types
-
-Returns an ordering that is similar to Python:
-- order: null < boolean < number < object < array < string
-- furthermore, each type is not smaller than itself
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-inline bool operator<(const value_t lhs, const value_t rhs) noexcept
-{
-    static constexpr std::array<uint8_t, 8> order = {{
-            0, // null
-            3, // object
-            4, // array
-            5, // string
-            1, // boolean
-            2, // integer
-            2, // unsigned
-            2, // float
-        }
-    };
-
-    // discarded values are not comparable
-    if (lhs == value_t::discarded or rhs == value_t::discarded)
-    {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    return order[static_cast<std::size_t>(lhs)] <
-           order[static_cast<std::size_t>(rhs)];
-}
-
-
-/////////////
-// helpers //
-/////////////
-
-// alias templates to reduce boilerplate
-template<bool B, typename T = void>
-using enable_if_t = typename std::enable_if<B, T>::type;
-
-template<typename T>
-using uncvref_t = typename std::remove_cv<typename std::remove_reference<T>::type>::type;
-
-// taken from http://stackoverflow.com/a/26936864/266378
-template<typename T>
-using is_unscoped_enum =
-    std::integral_constant<bool, std::is_convertible<T, int>::value and
-    std::is_enum<T>::value>;
-
-/*
-Implementation of two C++17 constructs: conjunction, negation. This is needed
-to avoid evaluating all the traits in a condition
-
-For example: not std::is_same<void, T>::value and has_value_type<T>::value
-will not compile when T = void (on MSVC at least). Whereas
-conjunction<negation<std::is_same<void, T>>, has_value_type<T>>::value will
-stop evaluating if negation<...>::value == false
-
-Please note that those constructs must be used with caution, since symbols can
-become very long quickly (which can slow down compilation and cause MSVC
-internal compiler errors). Only use it when you have to (see example ahead).
-*/
-template<class...> struct conjunction : std::true_type {};
-template<class B1> struct conjunction<B1> : B1 {};
-template<class B1, class... Bn>
-struct conjunction<B1, Bn...> : std::conditional<bool(B1::value), conjunction<Bn...>, B1>::type {};
-
-template<class B> struct negation : std::integral_constant < bool, !B::value > {};
-
-// dispatch utility (taken from ranges-v3)
-template<unsigned N> struct priority_tag : priority_tag < N - 1 > {};
-template<> struct priority_tag<0> {};
-
-
-//////////////////
-// constructors //
-//////////////////
-
-template<value_t> struct external_constructor;
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::boolean>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t b) noexcept
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::boolean;
-        j.m_value = b;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::string>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::string;
-        j.m_value = s;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::number_float>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t val) noexcept
-    {
-        // replace infinity and NAN by null
-        if (not std::isfinite(val))
-        {
-            j = BasicJsonType{};
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            j.m_type = value_t::number_float;
-            j.m_value = val;
-        }
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t val) noexcept
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned;
-        j.m_value = val;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t val) noexcept
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::number_integer;
-        j.m_value = val;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::array>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr)
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::array;
-        j.m_value = arr;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
-             enable_if_t<not std::is_same<CompatibleArrayType,
-                                          typename BasicJsonType::array_t>::value,
-                         int> = 0>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleArrayType& arr)
-    {
-        using std::begin;
-        using std::end;
-        j.m_type = value_t::array;
-        j.m_value.array = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::array_t>(begin(arr), end(arr));
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-template<>
-struct external_constructor<value_t::object>
-{
-    template<typename BasicJsonType>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const typename BasicJsonType::object_t& obj)
-    {
-        j.m_type = value_t::object;
-        j.m_value = obj;
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-             enable_if_t<not std::is_same<CompatibleObjectType,
-                                          typename BasicJsonType::object_t>::value,
-                         int> = 0>
-    static void construct(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleObjectType& obj)
-    {
-        using std::begin;
-        using std::end;
-
-        j.m_type = value_t::object;
-        j.m_value.object = j.template create<typename BasicJsonType::object_t>(begin(obj), end(obj));
-        j.assert_invariant();
-    }
-};
-
-
-////////////////////////
-// has_/is_ functions //
-////////////////////////
-
-/*!
-@brief Helper to determine whether there's a key_type for T.
-
-This helper is used to tell associative containers apart from other containers
-such as sequence containers. For instance, `std::map` passes the test as it
-contains a `mapped_type`, whereas `std::vector` fails the test.
-
-@sa http://stackoverflow.com/a/7728728/266378
-@since version 1.0.0, overworked in version 2.0.6
-*/
-#define NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(type)                                        \
-    template<typename T> struct has_##type {                                  \
-    private:                                                                  \
-        template<typename U, typename = typename U::type>                     \
-        static int detect(U &&);                                              \
-        static void detect(...);                                              \
-    public:                                                                   \
-        static constexpr bool value =                                         \
-                std::is_integral<decltype(detect(std::declval<T>()))>::value; \
-    }
-
-NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(mapped_type);
-NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(key_type);
-NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(value_type);
-NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER(iterator);
-
-#undef NLOHMANN_JSON_HAS_HELPER
-
-
-template<bool B, class RealType, class CompatibleObjectType>
-struct is_compatible_object_type_impl : std::false_type {};
-
-template<class RealType, class CompatibleObjectType>
-struct is_compatible_object_type_impl<true, RealType, CompatibleObjectType>
-{
-    static constexpr auto value =
-        std::is_constructible<typename RealType::key_type,
-        typename CompatibleObjectType::key_type>::value and
-        std::is_constructible<typename RealType::mapped_type,
-        typename CompatibleObjectType::mapped_type>::value;
-};
-
-template<class BasicJsonType, class CompatibleObjectType>
-struct is_compatible_object_type
-{
-    static auto constexpr value = is_compatible_object_type_impl <
-                                  conjunction<negation<std::is_same<void, CompatibleObjectType>>,
-                                  has_mapped_type<CompatibleObjectType>,
-                                  has_key_type<CompatibleObjectType>>::value,
-                                  typename BasicJsonType::object_t, CompatibleObjectType >::value;
-};
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct is_basic_json_nested_type
-{
-    static auto constexpr value = std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::iterator>::value or
-                                  std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::const_iterator>::value or
-                                  std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::reverse_iterator>::value or
-                                  std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::const_reverse_iterator>::value or
-                                  std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::json_pointer>::value;
-};
-
-template<class BasicJsonType, class CompatibleArrayType>
-struct is_compatible_array_type
-{
-    static auto constexpr value =
-        conjunction<negation<std::is_same<void, CompatibleArrayType>>,
-        negation<is_compatible_object_type<
-        BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>>,
-        negation<std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
-        CompatibleArrayType>>,
-        negation<is_basic_json_nested_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>>,
-        has_value_type<CompatibleArrayType>,
-        has_iterator<CompatibleArrayType>>::value;
-};
-
-template<bool, typename, typename>
-struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl : std::false_type {};
-
-template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
-struct is_compatible_integer_type_impl<true, RealIntegerType, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
-{
-    // is there an assert somewhere on overflows?
-    using RealLimits = std::numeric_limits<RealIntegerType>;
-    using CompatibleLimits = std::numeric_limits<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>;
-
-    static constexpr auto value =
-        std::is_constructible<RealIntegerType,
-        CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value and
-        CompatibleLimits::is_integer and
-        RealLimits::is_signed == CompatibleLimits::is_signed;
-};
-
-template<typename RealIntegerType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType>
-struct is_compatible_integer_type
-{
-    static constexpr auto value =
-        is_compatible_integer_type_impl <
-        std::is_integral<CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value and
-        not std::is_same<bool, CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value,
-        RealIntegerType, CompatibleNumberIntegerType > ::value;
-};
-
-
-// trait checking if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&, udt&) exists
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_from_json
-{
-  private:
-    // also check the return type of from_json
-    template<typename U, typename = enable_if_t<std::is_same<void, decltype(uncvref_t<U>::from_json(
-                 std::declval<BasicJsonType>(), std::declval<T&>()))>::value>>
-    static int detect(U&&);
-    static void detect(...);
-
-  public:
-    static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral<decltype(
-                                      detect(std::declval<typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>>()))>::value;
-};
-
-// This trait checks if JSONSerializer<T>::from_json(json const&) exists
-// this overload is used for non-default-constructible user-defined-types
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_non_default_from_json
-{
-  private:
-    template <
-        typename U,
-        typename = enable_if_t<std::is_same<
-                                   T, decltype(uncvref_t<U>::from_json(std::declval<BasicJsonType>()))>::value >>
-    static int detect(U&&);
-    static void detect(...);
-
-  public:
-    static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral<decltype(detect(
-                                      std::declval<typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>>()))>::value;
-};
-
-// This trait checks if BasicJsonType::json_serializer<T>::to_json exists
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-struct has_to_json
-{
-  private:
-    template<typename U, typename = decltype(uncvref_t<U>::to_json(
-                 std::declval<BasicJsonType&>(), std::declval<T>()))>
-    static int detect(U&&);
-    static void detect(...);
-
-  public:
-    static constexpr bool value = std::is_integral<decltype(detect(
-                                      std::declval<typename BasicJsonType::template json_serializer<T, void>>()))>::value;
-};
-
-
-/////////////
-// to_json //
-/////////////
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, enable_if_t<
-             std::is_same<T, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value, int> = 0>
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, T b) noexcept
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::boolean>::construct(j, b);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleString,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_constructible<typename BasicJsonType::string_t,
-                     CompatibleString>::value, int> = 0>
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const CompatibleString& s)
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::string>::construct(j, s);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename FloatType,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_floating_point<FloatType>::value, int> = 0>
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, FloatType val) noexcept
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::number_float>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>(val));
-}
-
-template <
-    typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberUnsignedType,
-    enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t,
-                CompatibleNumberUnsignedType>::value, int> = 0 >
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberUnsignedType val) noexcept
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::number_unsigned>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>(val));
-}
-
-template <
-    typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleNumberIntegerType,
-    enable_if_t<is_compatible_integer_type<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t,
-                CompatibleNumberIntegerType>::value, int> = 0 >
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleNumberIntegerType val) noexcept
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>::construct(j, static_cast<typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>(val));
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename UnscopedEnumType,
-         enable_if_t<is_unscoped_enum<UnscopedEnumType>::value, int> = 0>
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, UnscopedEnumType e) noexcept
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::number_integer>::construct(j, e);
-}
-
-template <
-    typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
-    enable_if_t <
-        is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value or
-        std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::array_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value,
-        int > = 0 >
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const  CompatibleArrayType& arr)
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::array>::construct(j, arr);
-}
-
-template <
-    typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-    enable_if_t<is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value,
-                int> = 0 >
-void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, const  CompatibleObjectType& arr)
-{
-    external_constructor<value_t::object>::construct(j, arr);
-}
-
-
-///////////////
-// from_json //
-///////////////
-
-// overloads for basic_json template parameters
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
-         enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value and
-                     not std::is_same<ArithmeticType,
-                                      typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
-                     int> = 0>
-void get_arithmetic_value(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
-{
-    switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
-    {
-        case value_t::number_unsigned:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(
-                      *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        case value_t::number_integer:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(
-                      *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        case value_t::number_float:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(
-                      *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        default:
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(
-                std::domain_error("type must be number, but is " + j.type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t& b)
-{
-    if (not j.is_boolean())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be boolean, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-    b = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>();
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::string_t& s)
-{
-    if (not j.is_string())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be string, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-    s = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::string_t*>();
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t& val)
-{
-    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t& val)
-{
-    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t& val)
-{
-    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename UnscopedEnumType,
-         enable_if_t<is_unscoped_enum<UnscopedEnumType>::value, int> = 0>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, UnscopedEnumType& e)
-{
-    typename std::underlying_type<UnscopedEnumType>::type val;
-    get_arithmetic_value(j, val);
-    e = static_cast<UnscopedEnumType>(val);
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, typename BasicJsonType::array_t& arr)
-{
-    if (not j.is_array())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be array, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-    arr = *j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::array_t*>();
-}
-
-// forward_list doesn't have an insert method
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T, typename Allocator>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, std::forward_list<T, Allocator>& l)
-{
-    // do not perform the check when user wants to retrieve jsons
-    // (except when it's null.. ?)
-    if (j.is_null())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be array, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-    if (not std::is_same<T, BasicJsonType>::value)
-    {
-        if (not j.is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be array, but is " + j.type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-    for (auto it = j.rbegin(), end = j.rend(); it != end; ++it)
-    {
-        l.push_front(it->template get<T>());
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
-void from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<0>)
-{
-    using std::begin;
-    using std::end;
-
-    std::transform(j.begin(), j.end(),
-                   std::inserter(arr, end(arr)), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
-    {
-        // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
-        // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
-        return i.template get<typename CompatibleArrayType::value_type>();
-    });
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType>
-auto from_json_array_impl(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr, priority_tag<1>)
--> decltype(
-    arr.reserve(std::declval<typename CompatibleArrayType::size_type>()),
-    void())
-{
-    using std::begin;
-    using std::end;
-
-    arr.reserve(j.size());
-    std::transform(
-        j.begin(), j.end(), std::inserter(arr, end(arr)), [](const BasicJsonType & i)
-    {
-        // get<BasicJsonType>() returns *this, this won't call a from_json
-        // method when value_type is BasicJsonType
-        return i.template get<typename CompatibleArrayType::value_type>();
-    });
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleArrayType,
-         enable_if_t<is_compatible_array_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleArrayType>::value and
-                     not std::is_same<typename BasicJsonType::array_t, CompatibleArrayType>::value, int> = 0>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleArrayType& arr)
-{
-    if (j.is_null())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be array, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-
-    // when T == BasicJsonType, do not check if value_t is correct
-    if (not std::is_same<typename CompatibleArrayType::value_type, BasicJsonType>::value)
-    {
-        if (not j.is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be array, but is " + j.type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-    from_json_array_impl(j, arr, priority_tag<1> {});
-}
-
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename CompatibleObjectType,
-         enable_if_t<is_compatible_object_type<BasicJsonType, CompatibleObjectType>::value, int> = 0>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, CompatibleObjectType& obj)
-{
-    if (not j.is_object())
-    {
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be object, but is " + j.type_name()));
-    }
-
-    auto inner_object = j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::object_t*>();
-    using std::begin;
-    using std::end;
-    // we could avoid the assignment, but this might require a for loop, which
-    // might be less efficient than the container constructor for some
-    // containers (would it?)
-    obj = CompatibleObjectType(begin(*inner_object), end(*inner_object));
-}
-
-// overload for arithmetic types, not chosen for basic_json template arguments
-// (BooleanType, etc..); note: Is it really necessary to provide explicit
-// overloads for boolean_t etc. in case of a custom BooleanType which is not
-// an arithmetic type?
-template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ArithmeticType,
-         enable_if_t <
-             std::is_arithmetic<ArithmeticType>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t>::value and
-             not std::is_same<ArithmeticType, typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t>::value,
-             int> = 0>
-void from_json(const BasicJsonType& j, ArithmeticType& val)
-{
-    switch (static_cast<value_t>(j))
-    {
-        case value_t::number_unsigned:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_unsigned_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        case value_t::number_integer:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_integer_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        case value_t::number_float:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::number_float_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        case value_t::boolean:
-        {
-            val = static_cast<ArithmeticType>(*j.template get_ptr<const typename BasicJsonType::boolean_t*>());
-            break;
-        }
-        default:
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be number, but is " + j.type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-struct to_json_fn
-{
-  private:
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    auto call(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val, priority_tag<1>) const noexcept(noexcept(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val))))
-    -> decltype(to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val)), void())
-    {
-        return to_json(j, std::forward<T>(val));
-    }
-
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    void call(BasicJsonType&, T&&, priority_tag<0>) const noexcept
-    {
-        static_assert(sizeof(BasicJsonType) == 0,
-                      "could not find to_json() method in T's namespace");
-    }
-
-  public:
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    void operator()(BasicJsonType& j, T&& val) const
-    noexcept(noexcept(std::declval<to_json_fn>().call(j, std::forward<T>(val), priority_tag<1> {})))
-    {
-        return call(j, std::forward<T>(val), priority_tag<1> {});
-    }
-};
-
-struct from_json_fn
-{
-  private:
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    auto call(const BasicJsonType& j, T& val, priority_tag<1>) const
-    noexcept(noexcept(from_json(j, val)))
-    -> decltype(from_json(j, val), void())
-    {
-        return from_json(j, val);
-    }
-
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    void call(const BasicJsonType&, T&, priority_tag<0>) const noexcept
-    {
-        static_assert(sizeof(BasicJsonType) == 0,
-                      "could not find from_json() method in T's namespace");
-    }
-
-  public:
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename T>
-    void operator()(const BasicJsonType& j, T& val) const
-    noexcept(noexcept(std::declval<from_json_fn>().call(j, val, priority_tag<1> {})))
-    {
-        return call(j, val, priority_tag<1> {});
-    }
-};
-
-// taken from ranges-v3
-template<typename T>
-struct static_const
-{
-    static constexpr T value{};
-};
-
-template<typename T>
-constexpr T static_const<T>::value;
-} // namespace detail
-
-
-/// namespace to hold default `to_json` / `from_json` functions
-namespace
-{
-constexpr const auto& to_json = detail::static_const<detail::to_json_fn>::value;
-constexpr const auto& from_json = detail::static_const<detail::from_json_fn>::value;
-}
-
-
-/*!
-@brief default JSONSerializer template argument
-
-This serializer ignores the template arguments and uses ADL
-([argument-dependent lookup](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/adl))
-for serialization.
-*/
-template<typename = void, typename = void>
-struct adl_serializer
-{
-    /*!
-    @brief convert a JSON value to any value type
-
-    This function is usually called by the `get()` function of the
-    @ref basic_json class (either explicit or via conversion operators).
-
-    @param[in] j         JSON value to read from
-    @param[in,out] val  value to write to
-    */
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ValueType>
-    static void from_json(BasicJsonType&& j, ValueType& val) noexcept(
-        noexcept(::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val)))
-    {
-        ::nlohmann::from_json(std::forward<BasicJsonType>(j), val);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief convert any value type to a JSON value
-
-    This function is usually called by the constructors of the @ref basic_json
-    class.
-
-    @param[in,out] j  JSON value to write to
-    @param[in] val     value to read from
-    */
-    template<typename BasicJsonType, typename ValueType>
-    static void to_json(BasicJsonType& j, ValueType&& val) noexcept(
-        noexcept(::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<ValueType>(val))))
-    {
-        ::nlohmann::to_json(j, std::forward<ValueType>(val));
-    }
-};
-
-
-/*!
-@brief a class to store JSON values
-
-@tparam ObjectType type for JSON objects (`std::map` by default; will be used
-in @ref object_t)
-@tparam ArrayType type for JSON arrays (`std::vector` by default; will be used
-in @ref array_t)
-@tparam StringType type for JSON strings and object keys (`std::string` by
-default; will be used in @ref string_t)
-@tparam BooleanType type for JSON booleans (`bool` by default; will be used
-in @ref boolean_t)
-@tparam NumberIntegerType type for JSON integer numbers (`int64_t` by
-default; will be used in @ref number_integer_t)
-@tparam NumberUnsignedType type for JSON unsigned integer numbers (@c
-`uint64_t` by default; will be used in @ref number_unsigned_t)
-@tparam NumberFloatType type for JSON floating-point numbers (`double` by
-default; will be used in @ref number_float_t)
-@tparam AllocatorType type of the allocator to use (`std::allocator` by
-default)
-@tparam JSONSerializer the serializer to resolve internal calls to `to_json()`
-and `from_json()` (@ref adl_serializer by default)
-
-@requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
-- Basic
- - [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible):
-   JSON values can be default constructed. The result will be a JSON null
-   value.
- - [MoveConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/MoveConstructible):
-   A JSON value can be constructed from an rvalue argument.
- - [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible):
-   A JSON value can be copy-constructed from an lvalue expression.
- - [MoveAssignable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/MoveAssignable):
-   A JSON value van be assigned from an rvalue argument.
- - [CopyAssignable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyAssignable):
-   A JSON value can be copy-assigned from an lvalue expression.
- - [Destructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Destructible):
-   JSON values can be destructed.
-- Layout
- - [StandardLayoutType](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/StandardLayoutType):
-   JSON values have
-   [standard layout](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/data_members#Standard_layout):
-   All non-static data members are private and standard layout types, the
-   class has no virtual functions or (virtual) base classes.
-- Library-wide
- - [EqualityComparable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/EqualityComparable):
-   JSON values can be compared with `==`, see @ref
-   operator==(const_reference,const_reference).
- - [LessThanComparable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/LessThanComparable):
-   JSON values can be compared with `<`, see @ref
-   operator<(const_reference,const_reference).
- - [Swappable](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Swappable):
-   Any JSON lvalue or rvalue of can be swapped with any lvalue or rvalue of
-   other compatible types, using unqualified function call @ref swap().
- - [NullablePointer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/NullablePointer):
-   JSON values can be compared against `std::nullptr_t` objects which are used
-   to model the `null` value.
-- Container
- - [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container):
-   JSON values can be used like STL containers and provide iterator access.
- - [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer);
-   JSON values can be used like STL containers and provide reverse iterator
-   access.
-
-@invariant The member variables @a m_value and @a m_type have the following
-relationship:
-- If `m_type == value_t::object`, then `m_value.object != nullptr`.
-- If `m_type == value_t::array`, then `m_value.array != nullptr`.
-- If `m_type == value_t::string`, then `m_value.string != nullptr`.
-The invariants are checked by member function assert_invariant().
-
-@internal
-@note ObjectType trick from http://stackoverflow.com/a/9860911
-@endinternal
-
-@see [RFC 7159: The JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) Data Interchange
-Format](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159)
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-
-@nosubgrouping
-*/
-template <
-    template<typename U, typename V, typename... Args> class ObjectType = std::map,
-    template<typename U, typename... Args> class ArrayType = std::vector,
-    class StringType = std::string,
-    class BooleanType = bool,
-    class NumberIntegerType = std::int64_t,
-    class NumberUnsignedType = std::uint64_t,
-    class NumberFloatType = double,
-    template<typename U> class AllocatorType = std::allocator,
-    template<typename T, typename SFINAE = void> class JSONSerializer = adl_serializer
-    >
-class basic_json
-{
-  private:
-    template<detail::value_t> friend struct detail::external_constructor;
-    /// workaround type for MSVC
-    using basic_json_t = basic_json<ObjectType, ArrayType, StringType,
-          BooleanType, NumberIntegerType, NumberUnsignedType, NumberFloatType,
-          AllocatorType, JSONSerializer>;
-
-  public:
-    using value_t = detail::value_t;
-    // forward declarations
-    template<typename U> class iter_impl;
-    template<typename Base> class json_reverse_iterator;
-    class json_pointer;
-    template<typename T, typename SFINAE>
-    using json_serializer = JSONSerializer<T, SFINAE>;
-
-    /////////////////////
-    // container types //
-    /////////////////////
-
-    /// @name container types
-    /// The canonic container types to use @ref basic_json like any other STL
-    /// container.
-    /// @{
-
-    /// the type of elements in a basic_json container
-    using value_type = basic_json;
-
-    /// the type of an element reference
-    using reference = value_type&;
-    /// the type of an element const reference
-    using const_reference = const value_type&;
-
-    /// a type to represent differences between iterators
-    using difference_type = std::ptrdiff_t;
-    /// a type to represent container sizes
-    using size_type = std::size_t;
-
-    /// the allocator type
-    using allocator_type = AllocatorType<basic_json>;
-
-    /// the type of an element pointer
-    using pointer = typename std::allocator_traits<allocator_type>::pointer;
-    /// the type of an element const pointer
-    using const_pointer = typename std::allocator_traits<allocator_type>::const_pointer;
-
-    /// an iterator for a basic_json container
-    using iterator = iter_impl<basic_json>;
-    /// a const iterator for a basic_json container
-    using const_iterator = iter_impl<const basic_json>;
-    /// a reverse iterator for a basic_json container
-    using reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator<typename basic_json::iterator>;
-    /// a const reverse iterator for a basic_json container
-    using const_reverse_iterator = json_reverse_iterator<typename basic_json::const_iterator>;
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns the allocator associated with the container
-    */
-    static allocator_type get_allocator()
-    {
-        return allocator_type();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns version information on the library
-
-    This function returns a JSON object with information about the library,
-    including the version number and information on the platform and compiler.
-
-    @return JSON object holding version information
-    key         | description
-    ----------- | ---------------
-    `compiler`  | Information on the used compiler. It is an object with the following keys: `c++` (the used C++ standard), `family` (the compiler family; possible values are `clang`, `icc`, `gcc`, `ilecpp`, `msvc`, `pgcpp`, `sunpro`, and `unknown`), and `version` (the compiler version).
-    `copyright` | The copyright line for the library as string.
-    `name`      | The name of the library as string.
-    `platform`  | The used platform as string. Possible values are `win32`, `linux`, `apple`, `unix`, and `unknown`.
-    `url`       | The URL of the project as string.
-    `version`   | The version of the library. It is an object with the following keys: `major`, `minor`, and `patch` as defined by [Semantic Versioning](http://semver.org), and `string` (the version string).
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example output of the `meta()`
-    function.,meta}
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @since 2.1.0
-    */
-    static basic_json meta()
-    {
-        basic_json result;
-
-        result["copyright"] = "(C) 2013-2017 Niels Lohmann";
-        result["name"] = "JSON for Modern C++";
-        result["url"] = "https://github.com/nlohmann/json";
-        result["version"] =
-        {
-            {"string", "2.1.1"},
-            {"major", 2},
-            {"minor", 1},
-            {"patch", 1}
-        };
-
-#ifdef _WIN32
-        result["platform"] = "win32";
-#elif defined __linux__
-        result["platform"] = "linux";
-#elif defined __APPLE__
-        result["platform"] = "apple";
-#elif defined __unix__
-        result["platform"] = "unix";
-#else
-        result["platform"] = "unknown";
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__clang__)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "clang"}, {"version", __clang_version__}};
-#elif defined(__ICC) || defined(__INTEL_COMPILER)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "icc"}, {"version", __INTEL_COMPILER}};
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "gcc"}, {"version", std::to_string(__GNUC__) + "." + std::to_string(__GNUC_MINOR__) + "." + std::to_string(__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)}};
-#elif defined(__HP_cc) || defined(__HP_aCC)
-        result["compiler"] = "hp"
-#elif defined(__IBMCPP__)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "ilecpp"}, {"version", __IBMCPP__}};
-#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "msvc"}, {"version", _MSC_VER}};
-#elif defined(__PGI)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "pgcpp"}, {"version", __PGI}};
-#elif defined(__SUNPRO_CC)
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "sunpro"}, {"version", __SUNPRO_CC}};
-#else
-        result["compiler"] = {{"family", "unknown"}, {"version", "unknown"}};
-#endif
-
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-        result["compiler"]["c++"] = std::to_string(__cplusplus);
-#else
-        result["compiler"]["c++"] = "unknown";
-#endif
-        return result;
-    }
-
-
-    ///////////////////////////
-    // JSON value data types //
-    ///////////////////////////
-
-    /// @name JSON value data types
-    /// The data types to store a JSON value. These types are derived from
-    /// the template arguments passed to class @ref basic_json.
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for an object
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON objects as follows:
-    > An object is an unordered collection of zero or more name/value pairs,
-    > where a name is a string and a value is a string, number, boolean, null,
-    > object, or array.
-
-    To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters
-    described below.
-
-    @tparam ObjectType  the container to store objects (e.g., `std::map` or
-    `std::unordered_map`)
-    @tparam StringType the type of the keys or names (e.g., `std::string`).
-    The comparison function `std::less<StringType>` is used to order elements
-    inside the container.
-    @tparam AllocatorType the allocator to use for objects (e.g.,
-    `std::allocator`)
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a ObjectType (`std::map`), @a StringType
-    (`std::string`), and @a AllocatorType (`std::allocator`), the default
-    value for @a object_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    std::map<
-      std::string, // key_type
-      basic_json, // value_type
-      std::less<std::string>, // key_compare
-      std::allocator<std::pair<const std::string, basic_json>> // allocator_type
-    >
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Behavior
-
-    The choice of @a object_t influences the behavior of the JSON class. With
-    the default type, objects have the following behavior:
-
-    - When all names are unique, objects will be interoperable in the sense
-      that all software implementations receiving that object will agree on
-      the name-value mappings.
-    - When the names within an object are not unique, later stored name/value
-      pairs overwrite previously stored name/value pairs, leaving the used
-      names unique. For instance, `{"key": 1}` and `{"key": 2, "key": 1}` will
-      be treated as equal and both stored as `{"key": 1}`.
-    - Internally, name/value pairs are stored in lexicographical order of the
-      names. Objects will also be serialized (see @ref dump) in this order.
-      For instance, `{"b": 1, "a": 2}` and `{"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be stored
-      and serialized as `{"a": 2, "b": 1}`.
-    - When comparing objects, the order of the name/value pairs is irrelevant.
-      This makes objects interoperable in the sense that they will not be
-      affected by these differences. For instance, `{"b": 1, "a": 2}` and
-      `{"a": 2, "b": 1}` will be treated as equal.
-
-    #### Limits
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies:
-    > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
-
-    In this class, the object's limit of nesting is not constraint explicitly.
-    However, a maximum depth of nesting may be introduced by the compiler or
-    runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
-    @ref max_size function of a JSON object.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Objects are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is, for any
-    access to object values, a pointer of type `object_t*` must be
-    dereferenced.
-
-    @sa @ref array_t -- type for an array value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-
-    @note The order name/value pairs are added to the object is *not*
-    preserved by the library. Therefore, iterating an object may return
-    name/value pairs in a different order than they were originally stored. In
-    fact, keys will be traversed in alphabetical order as `std::map` with
-    `std::less` is used by default. Please note this behavior conforms to [RFC
-    7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159), because any order implements the
-    specified "unordered" nature of JSON objects.
-    */
-    using object_t = ObjectType<StringType,
-          basic_json,
-          std::less<StringType>,
-          AllocatorType<std::pair<const StringType,
-          basic_json>>>;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for an array
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON arrays as follows:
-    > An array is an ordered sequence of zero or more values.
-
-    To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameters
-    explained below.
-
-    @tparam ArrayType  container type to store arrays (e.g., `std::vector` or
-    `std::list`)
-    @tparam AllocatorType allocator to use for arrays (e.g., `std::allocator`)
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a ArrayType (`std::vector`) and @a
-    AllocatorType (`std::allocator`), the default value for @a array_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    std::vector<
-      basic_json, // value_type
-      std::allocator<basic_json> // allocator_type
-    >
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Limits
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies:
-    > An implementation may set limits on the maximum depth of nesting.
-
-    In this class, the array's limit of nesting is not constraint explicitly.
-    However, a maximum depth of nesting may be introduced by the compiler or
-    runtime environment. A theoretical limit can be queried by calling the
-    @ref max_size function of a JSON array.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Arrays are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is, for any
-    access to array values, a pointer of type `array_t*` must be dereferenced.
-
-    @sa @ref object_t -- type for an object value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using array_t = ArrayType<basic_json, AllocatorType<basic_json>>;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for a string
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes JSON strings as follows:
-    > A string is a sequence of zero or more Unicode characters.
-
-    To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter
-    described below. Unicode values are split by the JSON class into
-    byte-sized characters during deserialization.
-
-    @tparam StringType  the container to store strings (e.g., `std::string`).
-    Note this container is used for keys/names in objects, see @ref object_t.
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a StringType (`std::string`), the default
-    value for @a string_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    std::string
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Encoding
-
-    Strings are stored in UTF-8 encoding. Therefore, functions like
-    `std::string::size()` or `std::string::length()` return the number of
-    bytes in the string rather than the number of characters or glyphs.
-
-    #### String comparison
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) states:
-    > Software implementations are typically required to test names of object
-    > members for equality. Implementations that transform the textual
-    > representation into sequences of Unicode code units and then perform the
-    > comparison numerically, code unit by code unit, are interoperable in the
-    > sense that implementations will agree in all cases on equality or
-    > inequality of two strings. For example, implementations that compare
-    > strings with escaped characters unconverted may incorrectly find that
-    > `"a\\b"` and `"a\u005Cb"` are not equal.
-
-    This implementation is interoperable as it does compare strings code unit
-    by code unit.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    String values are stored as pointers in a @ref basic_json type. That is,
-    for any access to string values, a pointer of type `string_t*` must be
-    dereferenced.
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using string_t = StringType;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for a boolean
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) implicitly describes a boolean as a
-    type which differentiates the two literals `true` and `false`.
-
-    To store objects in C++, a type is defined by the template parameter @a
-    BooleanType which chooses the type to use.
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a BooleanType (`bool`), the default value for
-    @a boolean_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    bool
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Boolean values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type.
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using boolean_t = BooleanType;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for a number (integer)
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows:
-    > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most
-    > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal
-    > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an
-    > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an
-    > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that
-    > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN)
-    > are not permitted.
-
-    This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers.
-    However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number
-    is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number.
-    Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref
-    number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used.
-
-    To store integer numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template
-    parameter @a NumberIntegerType which chooses the type to use.
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a NumberIntegerType (`int64_t`), the default
-    value for @a number_integer_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    int64_t
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Default behavior
-
-    - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead,
-      leading zeros in integer literals lead to an interpretation as octal
-      number. Internally, the value will be stored as decimal number. For
-      instance, the C++ integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`.
-      During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
-    - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`.
-
-    #### Limits
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies:
-    > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
-
-    When the default type is used, the maximal integer number that can be
-    stored is `9223372036854775807` (INT64_MAX) and the minimal integer number
-    that can be stored is `-9223372036854775808` (INT64_MIN). Integer numbers
-    that are out of range will yield over/underflow when used in a
-    constructor. During deserialization, too large or small integer numbers
-    will be automatically be stored as @ref number_unsigned_t or @ref
-    number_float_t.
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) further states:
-    > Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are
-    > in the range \f$[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]\f$ are interoperable in the sense
-    > that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values.
-
-    As this range is a subrange of the exactly supported range [INT64_MIN,
-    INT64_MAX], this class's integer type is interoperable.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Integer number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type.
-
-    @sa @ref number_float_t -- type for number values (floating-point)
-
-    @sa @ref number_unsigned_t -- type for number values (unsigned integer)
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using number_integer_t = NumberIntegerType;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for a number (unsigned)
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows:
-    > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most
-    > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal
-    > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an
-    > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an
-    > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that
-    > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN)
-    > are not permitted.
-
-    This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers.
-    However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number
-    is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number.
-    Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref
-    number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used.
-
-    To store unsigned integer numbers in C++, a type is defined by the
-    template parameter @a NumberUnsignedType which chooses the type to use.
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a NumberUnsignedType (`uint64_t`), the
-    default value for @a number_unsigned_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    uint64_t
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Default behavior
-
-    - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead,
-      leading zeros in integer literals lead to an interpretation as octal
-      number. Internally, the value will be stored as decimal number. For
-      instance, the C++ integer literal `010` will be serialized to `8`.
-      During deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
-    - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`.
-
-    #### Limits
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) specifies:
-    > An implementation may set limits on the range and precision of numbers.
-
-    When the default type is used, the maximal integer number that can be
-    stored is `18446744073709551615` (UINT64_MAX) and the minimal integer
-    number that can be stored is `0`. Integer numbers that are out of range
-    will yield over/underflow when used in a constructor. During
-    deserialization, too large or small integer numbers will be automatically
-    be stored as @ref number_integer_t or @ref number_float_t.
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) further states:
-    > Note that when such software is used, numbers that are integers and are
-    > in the range \f$[-2^{53}+1, 2^{53}-1]\f$ are interoperable in the sense
-    > that implementations will agree exactly on their numeric values.
-
-    As this range is a subrange (when considered in conjunction with the
-    number_integer_t type) of the exactly supported range [0, UINT64_MAX],
-    this class's integer type is interoperable.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Integer number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json type.
-
-    @sa @ref number_float_t -- type for number values (floating-point)
-    @sa @ref number_integer_t -- type for number values (integer)
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    using number_unsigned_t = NumberUnsignedType;
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a type for a number (floating-point)
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) describes numbers as follows:
-    > The representation of numbers is similar to that used in most
-    > programming languages. A number is represented in base 10 using decimal
-    > digits. It contains an integer component that may be prefixed with an
-    > optional minus sign, which may be followed by a fraction part and/or an
-    > exponent part. Leading zeros are not allowed. (...) Numeric values that
-    > cannot be represented in the grammar below (such as Infinity and NaN)
-    > are not permitted.
-
-    This description includes both integer and floating-point numbers.
-    However, C++ allows more precise storage if it is known whether the number
-    is a signed integer, an unsigned integer or a floating-point number.
-    Therefore, three different types, @ref number_integer_t, @ref
-    number_unsigned_t and @ref number_float_t are used.
-
-    To store floating-point numbers in C++, a type is defined by the template
-    parameter @a NumberFloatType which chooses the type to use.
-
-    #### Default type
-
-    With the default values for @a NumberFloatType (`double`), the default
-    value for @a number_float_t is:
-
-    @code {.cpp}
-    double
-    @endcode
-
-    #### Default behavior
-
-    - The restrictions about leading zeros is not enforced in C++. Instead,
-      leading zeros in floating-point literals will be ignored. Internally,
-      the value will be stored as decimal number. For instance, the C++
-      floating-point literal `01.2` will be serialized to `1.2`. During
-      deserialization, leading zeros yield an error.
-    - Not-a-number (NaN) values will be serialized to `null`.
-
-    #### Limits
-
-    [RFC 7159](http://rfc7159.net/rfc7159) states:
-    > This specification allows implementations to set limits on the range and
-    > precision of numbers accepted. Since software that implements IEEE
-    > 754-2008 binary64 (double precision) numbers is generally available and
-    > widely used, good interoperability can be achieved by implementations
-    > that expect no more precision or range than these provide, in the sense
-    > that implementations will approximate JSON numbers within the expected
-    > precision.
-
-    This implementation does exactly follow this approach, as it uses double
-    precision floating-point numbers. Note values smaller than
-    `-1.79769313486232e+308` and values greater than `1.79769313486232e+308`
-    will be stored as NaN internally and be serialized to `null`.
-
-    #### Storage
-
-    Floating-point number values are stored directly inside a @ref basic_json
-    type.
-
-    @sa @ref number_integer_t -- type for number values (integer)
-
-    @sa @ref number_unsigned_t -- type for number values (unsigned integer)
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using number_float_t = NumberFloatType;
-
-    /// @}
-
-  private:
-
-    /// helper for exception-safe object creation
-    template<typename T, typename... Args>
-    static T* create(Args&& ... args)
-    {
-        AllocatorType<T> alloc;
-        auto deleter = [&](T * object)
-        {
-            alloc.deallocate(object, 1);
-        };
-        std::unique_ptr<T, decltype(deleter)> object(alloc.allocate(1), deleter);
-        alloc.construct(object.get(), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-        assert(object != nullptr);
-        return object.release();
-    }
-
-    ////////////////////////
-    // JSON value storage //
-    ////////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a JSON value
-
-    The actual storage for a JSON value of the @ref basic_json class. This
-    union combines the different storage types for the JSON value types
-    defined in @ref value_t.
-
-    JSON type | value_t type    | used type
-    --------- | --------------- | ------------------------
-    object    | object          | pointer to @ref object_t
-    array     | array           | pointer to @ref array_t
-    string    | string          | pointer to @ref string_t
-    boolean   | boolean         | @ref boolean_t
-    number    | number_integer  | @ref number_integer_t
-    number    | number_unsigned | @ref number_unsigned_t
-    number    | number_float    | @ref number_float_t
-    null      | null            | *no value is stored*
-
-    @note Variable-length types (objects, arrays, and strings) are stored as
-    pointers. The size of the union should not exceed 64 bits if the default
-    value types are used.
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    union json_value
-    {
-        /// object (stored with pointer to save storage)
-        object_t* object;
-        /// array (stored with pointer to save storage)
-        array_t* array;
-        /// string (stored with pointer to save storage)
-        string_t* string;
-        /// boolean
-        boolean_t boolean;
-        /// number (integer)
-        number_integer_t number_integer;
-        /// number (unsigned integer)
-        number_unsigned_t number_unsigned;
-        /// number (floating-point)
-        number_float_t number_float;
-
-        /// default constructor (for null values)
-        json_value() = default;
-        /// constructor for booleans
-        json_value(boolean_t v) noexcept : boolean(v) {}
-        /// constructor for numbers (integer)
-        json_value(number_integer_t v) noexcept : number_integer(v) {}
-        /// constructor for numbers (unsigned)
-        json_value(number_unsigned_t v) noexcept : number_unsigned(v) {}
-        /// constructor for numbers (floating-point)
-        json_value(number_float_t v) noexcept : number_float(v) {}
-        /// constructor for empty values of a given type
-        json_value(value_t t)
-        {
-            switch (t)
-            {
-                case value_t::object:
-                {
-                    object = create<object_t>();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::array:
-                {
-                    array = create<array_t>();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::string:
-                {
-                    string = create<string_t>("");
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::boolean:
-                {
-                    boolean = boolean_t(false);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::number_integer:
-                {
-                    number_integer = number_integer_t(0);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::number_unsigned:
-                {
-                    number_unsigned = number_unsigned_t(0);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::number_float:
-                {
-                    number_float = number_float_t(0.0);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::null:
-                {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (t == value_t::null)
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("961c151d2e87f2686a955a9be24d316f1362bf21 2.1.1")); // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /// constructor for strings
-        json_value(const string_t& value)
-        {
-            string = create<string_t>(value);
-        }
-
-        /// constructor for objects
-        json_value(const object_t& value)
-        {
-            object = create<object_t>(value);
-        }
-
-        /// constructor for arrays
-        json_value(const array_t& value)
-        {
-            array = create<array_t>(value);
-        }
-    };
-
-    /*!
-    @brief checks the class invariants
-
-    This function asserts the class invariants. It needs to be called at the
-    end of every constructor to make sure that created objects respect the
-    invariant. Furthermore, it has to be called each time the type of a JSON
-    value is changed, because the invariant expresses a relationship between
-    @a m_type and @a m_value.
-    */
-    void assert_invariant() const
-    {
-        assert(m_type != value_t::object or m_value.object != nullptr);
-        assert(m_type != value_t::array or m_value.array != nullptr);
-        assert(m_type != value_t::string or m_value.string != nullptr);
-    }
-
-  public:
-    //////////////////////////
-    // JSON parser callback //
-    //////////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief JSON callback events
-
-    This enumeration lists the parser events that can trigger calling a
-    callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t during parsing.
-
-    @image html callback_events.png "Example when certain parse events are triggered"
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    enum class parse_event_t : uint8_t
-    {
-        /// the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object
-        object_start,
-        /// the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object
-        object_end,
-        /// the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array
-        array_start,
-        /// the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array
-        array_end,
-        /// the parser read a key of a value in an object
-        key,
-        /// the parser finished reading a JSON value
-        value
-    };
-
-    /*!
-    @brief per-element parser callback type
-
-    With a parser callback function, the result of parsing a JSON text can be
-    influenced. When passed to @ref parse(std::istream&, const
-    parser_callback_t) or @ref parse(const CharT, const parser_callback_t),
-    it is called on certain events (passed as @ref parse_event_t via parameter
-    @a event) with a set recursion depth @a depth and context JSON value
-    @a parsed. The return value of the callback function is a boolean
-    indicating whether the element that emitted the callback shall be kept or
-    not.
-
-    We distinguish six scenarios (determined by the event type) in which the
-    callback function can be called. The following table describes the values
-    of the parameters @a depth, @a event, and @a parsed.
-
-    parameter @a event | description | parameter @a depth | parameter @a parsed
-    ------------------ | ----------- | ------------------ | -------------------
-    parse_event_t::object_start | the parser read `{` and started to process a JSON object | depth of the parent of the JSON object | a JSON value with type discarded
-    parse_event_t::key | the parser read a key of a value in an object | depth of the currently parsed JSON object | a JSON string containing the key
-    parse_event_t::object_end | the parser read `}` and finished processing a JSON object | depth of the parent of the JSON object | the parsed JSON object
-    parse_event_t::array_start | the parser read `[` and started to process a JSON array | depth of the parent of the JSON array | a JSON value with type discarded
-    parse_event_t::array_end | the parser read `]` and finished processing a JSON array | depth of the parent of the JSON array | the parsed JSON array
-    parse_event_t::value | the parser finished reading a JSON value | depth of the value | the parsed JSON value
-
-    @image html callback_events.png "Example when certain parse events are triggered"
-
-    Discarding a value (i.e., returning `false`) has different effects
-    depending on the context in which function was called:
-
-    - Discarded values in structured types are skipped. That is, the parser
-      will behave as if the discarded value was never read.
-    - In case a value outside a structured type is skipped, it is replaced
-      with `null`. This case happens if the top-level element is skipped.
-
-    @param[in] depth  the depth of the recursion during parsing
-
-    @param[in] event  an event of type parse_event_t indicating the context in
-    the callback function has been called
-
-    @param[in,out] parsed  the current intermediate parse result; note that
-    writing to this value has no effect for parse_event_t::key events
-
-    @return Whether the JSON value which called the function during parsing
-    should be kept (`true`) or not (`false`). In the latter case, it is either
-    skipped completely or replaced by an empty discarded object.
-
-    @sa @ref parse(std::istream&, parser_callback_t) or
-    @ref parse(const CharT, const parser_callback_t) for examples
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    using parser_callback_t = std::function<bool(int depth,
-                              parse_event_t event,
-                              basic_json& parsed)>;
-
-
-    //////////////////
-    // constructors //
-    //////////////////
-
-    /// @name constructors and destructors
-    /// Constructors of class @ref basic_json, copy/move constructor, copy
-    /// assignment, static functions creating objects, and the destructor.
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create an empty value with a given type
-
-    Create an empty JSON value with a given type. The value will be default
-    initialized with an empty value which depends on the type:
-
-    Value type  | initial value
-    ----------- | -------------
-    null        | `null`
-    boolean     | `false`
-    string      | `""`
-    number      | `0`
-    object      | `{}`
-    array       | `[]`
-
-    @param[in] value_type  the type of the value to create
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @throw std::bad_alloc if allocation for object, array, or string value
-    fails
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor for different @ref
-    value_t values,basic_json__value_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(const value_t value_type)
-        : m_type(value_type), m_value(value_type)
-    {
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a null object
-
-    Create a `null` JSON value. It either takes a null pointer as parameter
-    (explicitly creating `null`) or no parameter (implicitly creating `null`).
-    The passed null pointer itself is not read -- it is only used to choose
-    the right constructor.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this constructor never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor with and without a
-    null pointer parameter.,basic_json__nullptr_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(std::nullptr_t = nullptr) noexcept
-        : basic_json(value_t::null)
-    {
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a JSON value
-
-    This is a "catch all" constructor for all compatible JSON types; that is,
-    types for which a `to_json()` method exsits. The constructor forwards the
-    parameter @a val to that method (to `json_serializer<U>::to_json` method
-    with `U = uncvref_t<CompatibleType>`, to be exact).
-
-    Template type @a CompatibleType includes, but is not limited to, the
-    following types:
-    - **arrays**: @ref array_t and all kinds of compatible containers such as
-      `std::vector`, `std::deque`, `std::list`, `std::forward_list`,
-      `std::array`, `std::set`, `std::unordered_set`, `std::multiset`, and
-      `unordered_multiset` with a `value_type` from which a @ref basic_json
-      value can be constructed.
-    - **objects**: @ref object_t and all kinds of compatible associative
-      containers such as `std::map`, `std::unordered_map`, `std::multimap`,
-      and `std::unordered_multimap` with a `key_type` compatible to
-      @ref string_t and a `value_type` from which a @ref basic_json value can
-      be constructed.
-    - **strings**: @ref string_t, string literals, and all compatible string
-      containers can be used.
-    - **numbers**: @ref number_integer_t, @ref number_unsigned_t,
-      @ref number_float_t, and all convertible number types such as `int`,
-      `size_t`, `int64_t`, `float` or `double` can be used.
-    - **boolean**: @ref boolean_t / `bool` can be used.
-
-    See the examples below.
-
-    @tparam CompatibleType a type such that:
-    - @a CompatibleType is not derived from `std::istream`,
-    - @a CompatibleType is not @ref basic_json (to avoid hijacking copy/move
-         constructors),
-    - @a CompatibleType is not a @ref basic_json nested type (e.g.,
-         @ref json_pointer, @ref iterator, etc ...)
-    - @ref @ref json_serializer<U> has a
-         `to_json(basic_json_t&, CompatibleType&&)` method
-
-    @tparam U = `uncvref_t<CompatibleType>`
-
-    @param[in] val the value to be forwarded
-
-    @complexity Usually linear in the size of the passed @a val, also
-                depending on the implementation of the called `to_json()`
-                method.
-
-    @throw what `json_serializer<U>::to_json()` throws
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows the constructor with several
-    compatible types.,basic_json__CompatibleType}
-
-    @since version 2.1.0
-    */
-    template<typename CompatibleType, typename U = detail::uncvref_t<CompatibleType>,
-             detail::enable_if_t<not std::is_base_of<std::istream, U>::value and
-                                 not std::is_same<U, basic_json_t>::value and
-                                 not detail::is_basic_json_nested_type<
-                                     basic_json_t, U>::value and
-                                 detail::has_to_json<basic_json, U>::value,
-                                 int> = 0>
-    basic_json(CompatibleType && val) noexcept(noexcept(JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(
-                std::declval<basic_json_t&>(), std::forward<CompatibleType>(val))))
-    {
-        JSONSerializer<U>::to_json(*this, std::forward<CompatibleType>(val));
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a container (array or object) from an initializer list
-
-    Creates a JSON value of type array or object from the passed initializer
-    list @a init. In case @a type_deduction is `true` (default), the type of
-    the JSON value to be created is deducted from the initializer list @a init
-    according to the following rules:
-
-    1. If the list is empty, an empty JSON object value `{}` is created.
-    2. If the list consists of pairs whose first element is a string, a JSON
-       object value is created where the first elements of the pairs are
-       treated as keys and the second elements are as values.
-    3. In all other cases, an array is created.
-
-    The rules aim to create the best fit between a C++ initializer list and
-    JSON values. The rationale is as follows:
-
-    1. The empty initializer list is written as `{}` which is exactly an empty
-       JSON object.
-    2. C++ has now way of describing mapped types other than to list a list of
-       pairs. As JSON requires that keys must be of type string, rule 2 is the
-       weakest constraint one can pose on initializer lists to interpret them
-       as an object.
-    3. In all other cases, the initializer list could not be interpreted as
-       JSON object type, so interpreting it as JSON array type is safe.
-
-    With the rules described above, the following JSON values cannot be
-    expressed by an initializer list:
-
-    - the empty array (`[]`): use @ref array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>)
-      with an empty initializer list in this case
-    - arrays whose elements satisfy rule 2: use @ref
-      array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) with the same initializer list
-      in this case
-
-    @note When used without parentheses around an empty initializer list, @ref
-    basic_json() is called instead of this function, yielding the JSON null
-    value.
-
-    @param[in] init  initializer list with JSON values
-
-    @param[in] type_deduction internal parameter; when set to `true`, the type
-    of the JSON value is deducted from the initializer list @a init; when set
-    to `false`, the type provided via @a manual_type is forced. This mode is
-    used by the functions @ref array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) and
-    @ref object(std::initializer_list<basic_json>).
-
-    @param[in] manual_type internal parameter; when @a type_deduction is set
-    to `false`, the created JSON value will use the provided type (only @ref
-    value_t::array and @ref value_t::object are valid); when @a type_deduction
-    is set to `true`, this parameter has no effect
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a type_deduction is `false`, @a manual_type
-    is `value_t::object`, but @a init contains an element which is not a pair
-    whose first element is a string; example: `"cannot create object from
-    initializer list"`
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the initializer list @a init.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how JSON values are created from
-    initializer lists.,basic_json__list_init_t}
-
-    @sa @ref array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) -- create a JSON array
-    value from an initializer list
-    @sa @ref object(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) -- create a JSON object
-    value from an initializer list
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json> init,
-               bool type_deduction = true,
-               value_t manual_type = value_t::array)
-    {
-        // check if each element is an array with two elements whose first
-        // element is a string
-        bool is_an_object = std::all_of(init.begin(), init.end(),
-                                        [](const basic_json & element)
-        {
-            return element.is_array() and element.size() == 2 and element[0].is_string();
-        });
-
-        // adjust type if type deduction is not wanted
-        if (not type_deduction)
-        {
-            // if array is wanted, do not create an object though possible
-            if (manual_type == value_t::array)
-            {
-                is_an_object = false;
-            }
-
-            // if object is wanted but impossible, throw an exception
-            if (manual_type == value_t::object and not is_an_object)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot create object from initializer list"));
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (is_an_object)
-        {
-            // the initializer list is a list of pairs -> create object
-            m_type = value_t::object;
-            m_value = value_t::object;
-
-            std::for_each(init.begin(), init.end(), [this](const basic_json & element)
-            {
-                m_value.object->emplace(*(element[0].m_value.string), element[1]);
-            });
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            // the initializer list describes an array -> create array
-            m_type = value_t::array;
-            m_value.array = create<array_t>(init);
-        }
-
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief explicitly create an array from an initializer list
-
-    Creates a JSON array value from a given initializer list. That is, given a
-    list of values `a, b, c`, creates the JSON value `[a, b, c]`. If the
-    initializer list is empty, the empty array `[]` is created.
-
-    @note This function is only needed to express two edge cases that cannot
-    be realized with the initializer list constructor (@ref
-    basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json>, bool, value_t)). These cases
-    are:
-    1. creating an array whose elements are all pairs whose first element is a
-    string -- in this case, the initializer list constructor would create an
-    object, taking the first elements as keys
-    2. creating an empty array -- passing the empty initializer list to the
-    initializer list constructor yields an empty object
-
-    @param[in] init  initializer list with JSON values to create an array from
-    (optional)
-
-    @return JSON array value
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of @a init.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the `array`
-    function.,array}
-
-    @sa @ref basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json>, bool, value_t) --
-    create a JSON value from an initializer list
-    @sa @ref object(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) -- create a JSON object
-    value from an initializer list
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    static basic_json array(std::initializer_list<basic_json> init =
-                                std::initializer_list<basic_json>())
-    {
-        return basic_json(init, false, value_t::array);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief explicitly create an object from an initializer list
-
-    Creates a JSON object value from a given initializer list. The initializer
-    lists elements must be pairs, and their first elements must be strings. If
-    the initializer list is empty, the empty object `{}` is created.
-
-    @note This function is only added for symmetry reasons. In contrast to the
-    related function @ref array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>), there are
-    no cases which can only be expressed by this function. That is, any
-    initializer list @a init can also be passed to the initializer list
-    constructor @ref basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json>, bool,
-    value_t).
-
-    @param[in] init  initializer list to create an object from (optional)
-
-    @return JSON object value
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a init is not a pair whose first elements are
-    strings; thrown by
-    @ref basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json>, bool, value_t)
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of @a init.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the `object`
-    function.,object}
-
-    @sa @ref basic_json(std::initializer_list<basic_json>, bool, value_t) --
-    create a JSON value from an initializer list
-    @sa @ref array(std::initializer_list<basic_json>) -- create a JSON array
-    value from an initializer list
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    static basic_json object(std::initializer_list<basic_json> init =
-                                 std::initializer_list<basic_json>())
-    {
-        return basic_json(init, false, value_t::object);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief construct an array with count copies of given value
-
-    Constructs a JSON array value by creating @a cnt copies of a passed value.
-    In case @a cnt is `0`, an empty array is created. As postcondition,
-    `std::distance(begin(),end()) == cnt` holds.
-
-    @param[in] cnt  the number of JSON copies of @a val to create
-    @param[in] val  the JSON value to copy
-
-    @complexity Linear in @a cnt.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows examples for the @ref
-    basic_json(size_type\, const basic_json&)
-    constructor.,basic_json__size_type_basic_json}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(size_type cnt, const basic_json& val)
-        : m_type(value_t::array)
-    {
-        m_value.array = create<array_t>(cnt, val);
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief construct a JSON container given an iterator range
-
-    Constructs the JSON value with the contents of the range `[first, last)`.
-    The semantics depends on the different types a JSON value can have:
-    - In case of primitive types (number, boolean, or string), @a first must
-      be `begin()` and @a last must be `end()`. In this case, the value is
-      copied. Otherwise, std::out_of_range is thrown.
-    - In case of structured types (array, object), the constructor behaves as
-      similar versions for `std::vector`.
-    - In case of a null type, std::domain_error is thrown.
-
-    @tparam InputIT an input iterator type (@ref iterator or @ref
-    const_iterator)
-
-    @param[in] first begin of the range to copy from (included)
-    @param[in] last end of the range to copy from (excluded)
-
-    @pre Iterators @a first and @a last must be initialized. **This
-         precondition is enforced with an assertion.**
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if iterators are not compatible; that is, do not
-    belong to the same JSON value; example: `"iterators are not compatible"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if iterators are for a primitive type (number,
-    boolean, or string) where an out of range error can be detected easily;
-    example: `"iterators out of range"`
-    @throw std::bad_alloc if allocation for object, array, or string fails
-    @throw std::domain_error if called with a null value; example: `"cannot
-    use construct with iterators from null"`
-
-    @complexity Linear in distance between @a first and @a last.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows several ways to create JSON values by
-    specifying a subrange with iterators.,basic_json__InputIt_InputIt}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<class InputIT, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<InputIT, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    basic_json(InputIT first, InputIT last)
-    {
-        assert(first.m_object != nullptr);
-        assert(last.m_object != nullptr);
-
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
-        if (first.m_object != last.m_object)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterators are not compatible"));
-        }
-
-        // copy type from first iterator
-        m_type = first.m_object->m_type;
-
-        // check if iterator range is complete for primitive values
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                if (not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin() or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("iterators out of range"));
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                m_value.number_integer = first.m_object->m_value.number_integer;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                m_value.number_unsigned = first.m_object->m_value.number_unsigned;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                m_value.number_float = first.m_object->m_value.number_float;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                m_value.boolean = first.m_object->m_value.boolean;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                m_value = *first.m_object->m_value.string;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                m_value.object = create<object_t>(first.m_it.object_iterator,
-                                                  last.m_it.object_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                m_value.array = create<array_t>(first.m_it.array_iterator,
-                                                last.m_it.array_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use construct with iterators from " + first.m_object->type_name()));
-            }
-        }
-
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief construct a JSON value given an input stream
-
-    @param[in,out] i  stream to read a serialized JSON value from
-    @param[in] cb a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @deprecated This constructor is deprecated and will be removed in version
-      3.0.0 to unify the interface of the library. Deserialization will be
-      done by stream operators or by calling one of the `parse` functions,
-      e.g. @ref parse(std::istream&, const parser_callback_t). That is, calls
-      like `json j(i);` for an input stream @a i need to be replaced by
-      `json j = json::parse(i);`. See the example below.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates constructing a JSON value from
-    a `std::stringstream` with and without callback
-    function.,basic_json__istream}
-
-    @since version 2.0.0, deprecated in version 2.0.3, to be removed in
-           version 3.0.0
-    */
-    JSON_DEPRECATED
-    explicit basic_json(std::istream& i, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        *this = parser(i, cb).parse();
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    ///////////////////////////////////////
-    // other constructors and destructor //
-    ///////////////////////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief copy constructor
-
-    Creates a copy of a given JSON value.
-
-    @param[in] other  the JSON value to copy
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of @a other.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is linear.
-    - As postcondition, it holds: `other == basic_json(other)`.
-
-    @throw std::bad_alloc if allocation for object, array, or string fails.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for the copy
-    constructor.,basic_json__basic_json}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(const basic_json& other)
-        : m_type(other.m_type)
-    {
-        // check of passed value is valid
-        other.assert_invariant();
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                m_value = *other.m_value.object;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                m_value = *other.m_value.array;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                m_value = *other.m_value.string;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                m_value = other.m_value.boolean;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                m_value = other.m_value.number_integer;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                m_value = other.m_value.number_unsigned;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                m_value = other.m_value.number_float;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief move constructor
-
-    Move constructor. Constructs a JSON value with the contents of the given
-    value @a other using move semantics. It "steals" the resources from @a
-    other and leaves it as JSON null value.
-
-    @param[in,out] other  value to move to this object
-
-    @post @a other is a JSON null value
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The code below shows the move constructor explicitly called
-    via std::move.,basic_json__moveconstructor}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json(basic_json&& other) noexcept
-        : m_type(std::move(other.m_type)),
-          m_value(std::move(other.m_value))
-    {
-        // check that passed value is valid
-        other.assert_invariant();
-
-        // invalidate payload
-        other.m_type = value_t::null;
-        other.m_value = {};
-
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief copy assignment
-
-    Copy assignment operator. Copies a JSON value via the "copy and swap"
-    strategy: It is expressed in terms of the copy constructor, destructor,
-    and the swap() member function.
-
-    @param[in] other  value to copy from
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The code below shows and example for the copy assignment. It
-    creates a copy of value `a` which is then swapped with `b`. Finally\, the
-    copy of `a` (which is the null value after the swap) is
-    destroyed.,basic_json__copyassignment}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference& operator=(basic_json other) noexcept (
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
-    )
-    {
-        // check that passed value is valid
-        other.assert_invariant();
-
-        using std::swap;
-        swap(m_type, other.m_type);
-        swap(m_value, other.m_value);
-
-        assert_invariant();
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief destructor
-
-    Destroys the JSON value and frees all allocated memory.
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is linear.
-    - All stored elements are destroyed and all memory is freed.
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    ~basic_json()
-    {
-        assert_invariant();
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                AllocatorType<object_t> alloc;
-                alloc.destroy(m_value.object);
-                alloc.deallocate(m_value.object, 1);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                AllocatorType<array_t> alloc;
-                alloc.destroy(m_value.array);
-                alloc.deallocate(m_value.array, 1);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
-                alloc.destroy(m_value.string);
-                alloc.deallocate(m_value.string, 1);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                // all other types need no specific destructor
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-  public:
-    ///////////////////////
-    // object inspection //
-    ///////////////////////
-
-    /// @name object inspection
-    /// Functions to inspect the type of a JSON value.
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief serialization
-
-    Serialization function for JSON values. The function tries to mimic
-    Python's `json.dumps()` function, and currently supports its @a indent
-    parameter.
-
-    @param[in] indent If indent is nonnegative, then array elements and object
-    members will be pretty-printed with that indent level. An indent level of
-    `0` will only insert newlines. `-1` (the default) selects the most compact
-    representation.
-
-    @return string containing the serialization of the JSON value
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The following example shows the effect of different @a indent
-    parameters to the result of the serialization.,dump}
-
-    @see https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html#json.dump
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    string_t dump(const int indent = -1) const
-    {
-        std::stringstream ss;
-
-        if (indent >= 0)
-        {
-            dump(ss, true, static_cast<unsigned int>(indent));
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            dump(ss, false, 0);
-        }
-
-        return ss.str();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return the type of the JSON value (explicit)
-
-    Return the type of the JSON value as a value from the @ref value_t
-    enumeration.
-
-    @return the type of the JSON value
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `type()` for all JSON
-    types.,type}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr value_t type() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether type is primitive
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON type is primitive (string, number,
-    boolean, or null).
-
-    @return `true` if type is primitive (string, number, boolean, or null),
-    `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_primitive()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_primitive}
-
-    @sa @ref is_structured() -- returns whether JSON value is structured
-    @sa @ref is_null() -- returns whether JSON value is `null`
-    @sa @ref is_string() -- returns whether JSON value is a string
-    @sa @ref is_boolean() -- returns whether JSON value is a boolean
-    @sa @ref is_number() -- returns whether JSON value is a number
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_primitive() const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_null() or is_string() or is_boolean() or is_number();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether type is structured
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON type is structured (array or
-    object).
-
-    @return `true` if type is structured (array or object), `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_structured()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_structured}
-
-    @sa @ref is_primitive() -- returns whether value is primitive
-    @sa @ref is_array() -- returns whether value is an array
-    @sa @ref is_object() -- returns whether value is an object
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_structured() const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_array() or is_object();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is null
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is null.
-
-    @return `true` if type is null, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_null()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_null}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_null() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::null;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is a boolean
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is a boolean.
-
-    @return `true` if type is boolean, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_boolean()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_boolean}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_boolean() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::boolean;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is a number
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is a number. This includes
-    both integer and floating-point values.
-
-    @return `true` if type is number (regardless whether integer, unsigned
-    integer or floating-type), `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_number}
-
-    @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer or unsigned
-    integer number
-    @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer
-    number
-    @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_number() const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_integer() or is_number_float();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is an integer number
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is an integer or unsigned
-    integer number. This excludes floating-point values.
-
-    @return `true` if type is an integer or unsigned integer number, `false`
-    otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_integer()` for all
-    JSON types.,is_number_integer}
-
-    @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is a number
-    @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer
-    number
-    @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_number_integer() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::number_integer or m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is an unsigned integer number
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is an unsigned integer
-    number. This excludes floating-point and (signed) integer values.
-
-    @return `true` if type is an unsigned integer number, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_unsigned()` for all
-    JSON types.,is_number_unsigned}
-
-    @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is a number
-    @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer or unsigned
-    integer number
-    @sa @ref is_number_float() -- check if value is a floating-point number
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_number_unsigned() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::number_unsigned;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is a floating-point number
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is a floating-point number.
-    This excludes integer and unsigned integer values.
-
-    @return `true` if type is a floating-point number, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_number_float()` for all
-    JSON types.,is_number_float}
-
-    @sa @ref is_number() -- check if value is number
-    @sa @ref is_number_integer() -- check if value is an integer number
-    @sa @ref is_number_unsigned() -- check if value is an unsigned integer
-    number
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_number_float() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::number_float;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is an object
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is an object.
-
-    @return `true` if type is object, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_object()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_object}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_object() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::object;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is an array
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is an array.
-
-    @return `true` if type is array, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_array()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_array}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_array() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::array;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is a string
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value is a string.
-
-    @return `true` if type is string, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_string()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_string}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_string() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::string;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return whether value is discarded
-
-    This function returns true iff the JSON value was discarded during parsing
-    with a callback function (see @ref parser_callback_t).
-
-    @note This function will always be `false` for JSON values after parsing.
-    That is, discarded values can only occur during parsing, but will be
-    removed when inside a structured value or replaced by null in other cases.
-
-    @return `true` if type is discarded, `false` otherwise.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `is_discarded()` for all JSON
-    types.,is_discarded}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr bool is_discarded() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type == value_t::discarded;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return the type of the JSON value (implicit)
-
-    Implicitly return the type of the JSON value as a value from the @ref
-    value_t enumeration.
-
-    @return the type of the JSON value
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @exceptionsafety No-throw guarantee: this member function never throws
-    exceptions.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies the @ref value_t operator for
-    all JSON types.,operator__value_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    constexpr operator value_t() const noexcept
-    {
-        return m_type;
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-  private:
-    //////////////////
-    // value access //
-    //////////////////
-
-    /// get a boolean (explicit)
-    boolean_t get_impl(boolean_t* /*unused*/) const
-    {
-        if (is_boolean())
-        {
-            return m_value.boolean;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("type must be boolean, but is " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (object)
-    object_t* get_impl_ptr(object_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_object() ? m_value.object : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (object)
-    constexpr const object_t* get_impl_ptr(const object_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_object() ? m_value.object : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (array)
-    array_t* get_impl_ptr(array_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_array() ? m_value.array : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (array)
-    constexpr const array_t* get_impl_ptr(const array_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_array() ? m_value.array : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (string)
-    string_t* get_impl_ptr(string_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_string() ? m_value.string : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (string)
-    constexpr const string_t* get_impl_ptr(const string_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_string() ? m_value.string : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (boolean)
-    boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(boolean_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_boolean() ? &m_value.boolean : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (boolean)
-    constexpr const boolean_t* get_impl_ptr(const boolean_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_boolean() ? &m_value.boolean : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
-    number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(number_integer_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_integer() ? &m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (integer number)
-    constexpr const number_integer_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_integer_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_integer() ? &m_value.number_integer : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number)
-    number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (unsigned number)
-    constexpr const number_unsigned_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_unsigned_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_unsigned() ? &m_value.number_unsigned : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number)
-    number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(number_float_t* /*unused*/) noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_float() ? &m_value.number_float : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /// get a pointer to the value (floating-point number)
-    constexpr const number_float_t* get_impl_ptr(const number_float_t* /*unused*/) const noexcept
-    {
-        return is_number_float() ? &m_value.number_float : nullptr;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief helper function to implement get_ref()
-
-    This funcion helps to implement get_ref() without code duplication for
-    const and non-const overloads
-
-    @tparam ThisType will be deduced as `basic_json` or `const basic_json`
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if ReferenceType does not match underlying value
-    type of the current JSON
-    */
-    template<typename ReferenceType, typename ThisType>
-    static ReferenceType get_ref_impl(ThisType& obj)
-    {
-        // helper type
-        using PointerType = typename std::add_pointer<ReferenceType>::type;
-
-        // delegate the call to get_ptr<>()
-        auto ptr = obj.template get_ptr<PointerType>();
-
-        if (ptr != nullptr)
-        {
-            return *ptr;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("incompatible ReferenceType for get_ref, actual type is " +
-                                     obj.type_name()));
-    }
-
-  public:
-    /// @name value access
-    /// Direct access to the stored value of a JSON value.
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get special-case overload
-
-    This overloads avoids a lot of template boilerplate, it can be seen as the
-    identity method
-
-    @tparam BasicJsonType == @ref basic_json
-
-    @return a copy of *this
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @since version 2.1.0
-    */
-    template <
-        typename BasicJsonType,
-        detail::enable_if_t<std::is_same<typename std::remove_const<BasicJsonType>::type,
-                                         basic_json_t>::value,
-                            int> = 0 >
-    basic_json get() const
-    {
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a value (explicit)
-
-    Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value
-    which is [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible)
-    and [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible).
-    The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer<ValueType>
-    `from_json()` method.
-
-    The function is equivalent to executing
-    @code {.cpp}
-    ValueType ret;
-    JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, ret);
-    return ret;
-    @endcode
-
-    This overloads is chosen if:
-    - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json,
-    - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has a `from_json()` method of the form
-      `void from_json(const @ref basic_json&, ValueType&)`, and
-    - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> does not have a `from_json()` method of
-      the form `ValueType from_json(const @ref basic_json&)`
-
-    @tparam ValueTypeCV the provided value type
-    @tparam ValueType the returned value type
-
-    @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType
-
-    @throw what @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()` method throws
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
-    to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
-    be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
-    `std::vector<short>`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
-    associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string\,
-    json>`.,get__ValueType_const}
-
-    @since version 2.1.0
-    */
-    template <
-        typename ValueTypeCV,
-        typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
-        detail::enable_if_t <
-            not std::is_same<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value and
-            detail::has_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value and
-            not detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value,
-            int > = 0 >
-    ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept(
-                                       JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>(), std::declval<ValueType&>())))
-    {
-        // we cannot static_assert on ValueTypeCV being non-const, because
-        // there is support for get<const basic_json_t>(), which is why we
-        // still need the uncvref
-        static_assert(not std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
-                      "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()");
-        static_assert(std::is_default_constructible<ValueType>::value,
-                      "types must be DefaultConstructible when used with get()");
-
-        ValueType ret;
-        JSONSerializer<ValueType>::from_json(*this, ret);
-        return ret;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a value (explicit); special case
-
-    Explicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value
-    which is **not** [CopyConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/CopyConstructible)
-    and **not** [DefaultConstructible](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/DefaultConstructible).
-    The value is converted by calling the @ref json_serializer<ValueType>
-    `from_json()` method.
-
-    The function is equivalent to executing
-    @code {.cpp}
-    return JSONSerializer<ValueTypeCV>::from_json(*this);
-    @endcode
-
-    This overloads is chosen if:
-    - @a ValueType is not @ref basic_json and
-    - @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has a `from_json()` method of the form
-      `ValueType from_json(const @ref basic_json&)`
-
-    @note If @ref json_serializer<ValueType> has both overloads of
-    `from_json()`, this one is chosen.
-
-    @tparam ValueTypeCV the provided value type
-    @tparam ValueType the returned value type
-
-    @return copy of the JSON value, converted to @a ValueType
-
-    @throw what @ref json_serializer<ValueType> `from_json()` method throws
-
-    @since version 2.1.0
-    */
-    template <
-        typename ValueTypeCV,
-        typename ValueType = detail::uncvref_t<ValueTypeCV>,
-        detail::enable_if_t<not std::is_same<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value and
-                            detail::has_non_default_from_json<basic_json_t,
-                                    ValueType>::value, int> = 0 >
-    ValueType get() const noexcept(noexcept(
-                                       JSONSerializer<ValueTypeCV>::from_json(std::declval<const basic_json_t&>())))
-    {
-        static_assert(not std::is_reference<ValueTypeCV>::value,
-                      "get() cannot be used with reference types, you might want to use get_ref()");
-        return JSONSerializer<ValueTypeCV>::from_json(*this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a pointer value (explicit)
-
-    Explicit pointer access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are
-    made.
-
-    @warning The pointer becomes invalid if the underlying JSON object
-    changes.
-
-    @tparam PointerType pointer type; must be a pointer to @ref array_t, @ref
-    object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t,
-    @ref number_unsigned_t, or @ref number_float_t.
-
-    @return pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested
-    pointer type @a PointerType fits to the JSON value; `nullptr` otherwise
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a
-    JSON value can be requested. Note that no type conversions are made and a
-    `nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not
-    match.,get__PointerType}
-
-    @sa @ref get_ptr() for explicit pointer-member access
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    PointerType get() noexcept
-    {
-        // delegate the call to get_ptr
-        return get_ptr<PointerType>();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a pointer value (explicit)
-    @copydoc get()
-    */
-    template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    constexpr const PointerType get() const noexcept
-    {
-        // delegate the call to get_ptr
-        return get_ptr<PointerType>();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a pointer value (implicit)
-
-    Implicit pointer access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies are
-    made.
-
-    @warning Writing data to the pointee of the result yields an undefined
-    state.
-
-    @tparam PointerType pointer type; must be a pointer to @ref array_t, @ref
-    object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t,
-    @ref number_unsigned_t, or @ref number_float_t. Enforced by a static
-    assertion.
-
-    @return pointer to the internally stored JSON value if the requested
-    pointer type @a PointerType fits to the JSON value; `nullptr` otherwise
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how pointers to internal values of a
-    JSON value can be requested. Note that no type conversions are made and a
-    `nullptr` is returned if the value and the requested pointer type does not
-    match.,get_ptr}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    PointerType get_ptr() noexcept
-    {
-        // get the type of the PointerType (remove pointer and const)
-        using pointee_t = typename std::remove_const<typename
-                          std::remove_pointer<typename
-                          std::remove_const<PointerType>::type>::type>::type;
-        // make sure the type matches the allowed types
-        static_assert(
-            std::is_same<object_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<array_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<string_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<boolean_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_integer_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_unsigned_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_float_t, pointee_t>::value
-            , "incompatible pointer type");
-
-        // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>()
-        return get_impl_ptr(static_cast<PointerType>(nullptr));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a pointer value (implicit)
-    @copydoc get_ptr()
-    */
-    template<typename PointerType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<PointerType>::value and
-                 std::is_const<typename std::remove_pointer<PointerType>::type>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    constexpr const PointerType get_ptr() const noexcept
-    {
-        // get the type of the PointerType (remove pointer and const)
-        using pointee_t = typename std::remove_const<typename
-                          std::remove_pointer<typename
-                          std::remove_const<PointerType>::type>::type>::type;
-        // make sure the type matches the allowed types
-        static_assert(
-            std::is_same<object_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<array_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<string_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<boolean_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_integer_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_unsigned_t, pointee_t>::value
-            or std::is_same<number_float_t, pointee_t>::value
-            , "incompatible pointer type");
-
-        // delegate the call to get_impl_ptr<>() const
-        return get_impl_ptr(static_cast<const PointerType>(nullptr));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a reference value (implicit)
-
-    Implicit reference access to the internally stored JSON value. No copies
-    are made.
-
-    @warning Writing data to the referee of the result yields an undefined
-    state.
-
-    @tparam ReferenceType reference type; must be a reference to @ref array_t,
-    @ref object_t, @ref string_t, @ref boolean_t, @ref number_integer_t, or
-    @ref number_float_t. Enforced by static assertion.
-
-    @return reference to the internally stored JSON value if the requested
-    reference type @a ReferenceType fits to the JSON value; throws
-    std::domain_error otherwise
-
-    @throw std::domain_error in case passed type @a ReferenceType is
-    incompatible with the stored JSON value
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows several calls to `get_ref()`.,get_ref}
-
-    @since version 1.1.0
-    */
-    template<typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    ReferenceType get_ref()
-    {
-        // delegate call to get_ref_impl
-        return get_ref_impl<ReferenceType>(*this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a reference value (implicit)
-    @copydoc get_ref()
-    */
-    template<typename ReferenceType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_reference<ReferenceType>::value and
-                 std::is_const<typename std::remove_reference<ReferenceType>::type>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    ReferenceType get_ref() const
-    {
-        // delegate call to get_ref_impl
-        return get_ref_impl<ReferenceType>(*this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief get a value (implicit)
-
-    Implicit type conversion between the JSON value and a compatible value.
-    The call is realized by calling @ref get() const.
-
-    @tparam ValueType non-pointer type compatible to the JSON value, for
-    instance `int` for JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or
-    `std::vector` types for JSON arrays. The character type of @ref string_t
-    as well as an initializer list of this type is excluded to avoid
-    ambiguities as these types implicitly convert to `std::string`.
-
-    @return copy of the JSON value, converted to type @a ValueType
-
-    @throw std::domain_error in case passed type @a ValueType is incompatible
-    to JSON, thrown by @ref get() const
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows several conversions from JSON values
-    to other types. There a few things to note: (1) Floating-point numbers can
-    be converted to integers\, (2) A JSON array can be converted to a standard
-    `std::vector<short>`\, (3) A JSON object can be converted to C++
-    associative containers such as `std::unordered_map<std::string\,
-    json>`.,operator__ValueType}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template < typename ValueType, typename std::enable_if <
-                   not std::is_pointer<ValueType>::value and
-                   not std::is_same<ValueType, typename string_t::value_type>::value
-#ifndef _MSC_VER  // fix for issue #167 operator<< ambiguity under VS2015
-                   and not std::is_same<ValueType, std::initializer_list<typename string_t::value_type>>::value
-#endif
-                   , int >::type = 0 >
-    operator ValueType() const
-    {
-        // delegate the call to get<>() const
-        return get<ValueType>();
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    ////////////////////
-    // element access //
-    ////////////////////
-
-    /// @name element access
-    /// Access to the JSON value.
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified array element with bounds checking
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at specified location @a idx, with
-    bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] idx  index of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at index @a idx
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if the JSON value is not an array; example:
-    `"cannot use at() with string"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the index @a idx is out of range of the array;
-    that is, `idx >= size()`; example: `"array index 7 is out of range"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read and
-    written using `at()`.,at__size_type}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference at(size_type idx)
-    {
-        // at only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_TRY
-            {
-                return m_value.array->at(idx);
-            }
-            JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-            {
-                // create better exception explanation
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range"));
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use at() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified array element with bounds checking
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at specified location @a idx,
-    with bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] idx  index of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at index @a idx
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if the JSON value is not an array; example:
-    `"cannot use at() with string"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the index @a idx is out of range of the array;
-    that is, `idx >= size()`; example: `"array index 7 is out of range"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read using
-    `at()`.,at__size_type_const}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference at(size_type idx) const
-    {
-        // at only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_TRY
-            {
-                return m_value.array->at(idx);
-            }
-            JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-            {
-                // create better exception explanation
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range"));
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use at() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key, with
-    bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if the JSON value is not an object; example:
-    `"cannot use at() with boolean"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the key @a key is is not stored in the object;
-    that is, `find(key) == end()`; example: `"key "the fast" not found"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and
-    written using `at()`.,at__object_t_key_type}
-
-    @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked
-    access by reference
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key)
-    {
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            JSON_TRY
-            {
-                return m_value.object->at(key);
-            }
-            JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-            {
-                // create better exception explanation
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key '" + key + "' not found"));
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use at() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element with bounds checking
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key,
-    with bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if the JSON value is not an object; example:
-    `"cannot use at() with boolean"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the key @a key is is not stored in the object;
-    that is, `find(key) == end()`; example: `"key "the fast" not found"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using
-    `at()`.,at__object_t_key_type_const}
-
-    @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked
-    access by reference
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference at(const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
-    {
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            JSON_TRY
-            {
-                return m_value.object->at(key);
-            }
-            JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-            {
-                // create better exception explanation
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key '" + key + "' not found"));
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use at() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified array element
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at specified location @a idx.
-
-    @note If @a idx is beyond the range of the array (i.e., `idx >= size()`),
-    then the array is silently filled up with `null` values to make `idx` a
-    valid reference to the last stored element.
-
-    @param[in] idx  index of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at index @a idx
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an array or null; example:
-    `"cannot use operator[] with string"`
-
-    @complexity Constant if @a idx is in the range of the array. Otherwise
-    linear in `idx - size()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read and
-    written using `[]` operator. Note the addition of `null`
-    values.,operatorarray__size_type}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference operator[](size_type idx)
-    {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty array
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::array;
-            m_value.array = create<array_t>();
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // operator[] only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            // fill up array with null values if given idx is outside range
-            if (idx >= m_value.array->size())
-            {
-                m_value.array->insert(m_value.array->end(),
-                                      idx - m_value.array->size() + 1,
-                                      basic_json());
-            }
-
-            return m_value.array->operator[](idx);
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified array element
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at specified location @a idx.
-
-    @param[in] idx  index of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at index @a idx
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an array; example: `"cannot use
-    operator[] with null"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how array elements can be read using
-    the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__size_type_const}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference operator[](size_type idx) const
-    {
-        // const operator[] only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            return m_value.array->operator[](idx);
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key.
-
-    @note If @a key is not found in the object, then it is silently added to
-    the object and filled with a `null` value to make `key` a valid reference.
-    In case the value was `null` before, it is converted to an object.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object or null; example:
-    `"cannot use operator[] with string"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and
-    written using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key)
-    {
-        // implicitly convert null value to an empty object
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::object;
-            m_value.object = create<object_t>();
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // operator[] only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            return m_value.object->operator[](key);
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief read-only access specified object element
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key. No
-    bounds checking is performed.
-
-    @warning If the element with key @a key does not exist, the behavior is
-    undefined.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @pre The element with key @a key must exist. **This precondition is
-         enforced with an assertion.**
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object; example: `"cannot use
-    operator[] with null"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using
-    the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type_const}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key) const
-    {
-        // const operator[] only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
-            return m_value.object->find(key)->second;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key.
-
-    @note If @a key is not found in the object, then it is silently added to
-    the object and filled with a `null` value to make `key` a valid reference.
-    In case the value was `null` before, it is converted to an object.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object or null; example:
-    `"cannot use operator[] with string"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and
-    written using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<typename T, std::size_t n>
-    reference operator[](T * (&key)[n])
-    {
-        return operator[](static_cast<const T>(key));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief read-only access specified object element
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key. No
-    bounds checking is performed.
-
-    @warning If the element with key @a key does not exist, the behavior is
-    undefined.
-
-    @note This function is required for compatibility reasons with Clang.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object; example: `"cannot use
-    operator[] with null"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using
-    the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type_const}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<typename T, std::size_t n>
-    const_reference operator[](T * (&key)[n]) const
-    {
-        return operator[](static_cast<const T>(key));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at with specified key @a key.
-
-    @note If @a key is not found in the object, then it is silently added to
-    the object and filled with a `null` value to make `key` a valid reference.
-    In case the value was `null` before, it is converted to an object.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object or null; example:
-    `"cannot use operator[] with string"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read and
-    written using the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.1.0
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    reference operator[](T* key)
-    {
-        // implicitly convert null to object
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::object;
-            m_value = value_t::object;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            return m_value.object->operator[](key);
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief read-only access specified object element
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at with specified key @a key. No
-    bounds checking is performed.
-
-    @warning If the element with key @a key does not exist, the behavior is
-    undefined.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-
-    @return const reference to the element at key @a key
-
-    @pre The element with key @a key must exist. **This precondition is
-         enforced with an assertion.**
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object; example: `"cannot use
-    operator[] with null"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be read using
-    the `[]` operator.,operatorarray__key_type_const}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref value() for access by value with a default value
-
-    @since version 1.1.0
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    const_reference operator[](T* key) const
-    {
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            assert(m_value.object->find(key) != m_value.object->end());
-            return m_value.object->find(key)->second;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element with default value
-
-    Returns either a copy of an object's element at the specified key @a key
-    or a given default value if no element with key @a key exists.
-
-    The function is basically equivalent to executing
-    @code {.cpp}
-    try {
-        return at(key);
-    } catch(std::out_of_range) {
-        return default_value;
-    }
-    @endcode
-
-    @note Unlike @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&), this function
-    does not throw if the given key @a key was not found.
-
-    @note Unlike @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type& key), this
-    function does not implicitly add an element to the position defined by @a
-    key. This function is furthermore also applicable to const objects.
-
-    @param[in] key  key of the element to access
-    @param[in] default_value  the value to return if @a key is not found
-
-    @tparam ValueType type compatible to JSON values, for instance `int` for
-    JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or `std::vector` types for
-    JSON arrays. Note the type of the expected value at @a key and the default
-    value @a default_value must be compatible.
-
-    @return copy of the element at key @a key or @a default_value if @a key
-    is not found
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object; example: `"cannot use
-    value() with null"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be queried
-    with a default value.,basic_json__value}
-
-    @sa @ref at(const typename object_t::key_type&) for access by reference
-    with range checking
-    @sa @ref operator[](const typename object_t::key_type&) for unchecked
-    access by reference
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<class ValueType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_convertible<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    ValueType value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, ValueType default_value) const
-    {
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            // if key is found, return value and given default value otherwise
-            const auto it = find(key);
-            if (it != end())
-            {
-                return *it;
-            }
-
-            return default_value;
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use value() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief overload for a default value of type const char*
-    @copydoc basic_json::value(const typename object_t::key_type&, ValueType) const
-    */
-    string_t value(const typename object_t::key_type& key, const char* default_value) const
-    {
-        return value(key, string_t(default_value));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified object element via JSON Pointer with default value
-
-    Returns either a copy of an object's element at the specified key @a key
-    or a given default value if no element with key @a key exists.
-
-    The function is basically equivalent to executing
-    @code {.cpp}
-    try {
-        return at(ptr);
-    } catch(std::out_of_range) {
-        return default_value;
-    }
-    @endcode
-
-    @note Unlike @ref at(const json_pointer&), this function does not throw
-    if the given key @a key was not found.
-
-    @param[in] ptr  a JSON pointer to the element to access
-    @param[in] default_value  the value to return if @a ptr found no value
-
-    @tparam ValueType type compatible to JSON values, for instance `int` for
-    JSON integer numbers, `bool` for JSON booleans, or `std::vector` types for
-    JSON arrays. Note the type of the expected value at @a key and the default
-    value @a default_value must be compatible.
-
-    @return copy of the element at key @a key or @a default_value if @a key
-    is not found
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if JSON is not an object; example: `"cannot use
-    value() with null"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how object elements can be queried
-    with a default value.,basic_json__value_ptr}
-
-    @sa @ref operator[](const json_pointer&) for unchecked access by reference
-
-    @since version 2.0.2
-    */
-    template<class ValueType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_convertible<basic_json_t, ValueType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    ValueType value(const json_pointer& ptr, ValueType default_value) const
-    {
-        // at only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            // if pointer resolves a value, return it or use default value
-            JSON_TRY
-            {
-                return ptr.get_checked(this);
-            }
-            JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-            {
-                return default_value;
-            }
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use value() with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief overload for a default value of type const char*
-    @copydoc basic_json::value(const json_pointer&, ValueType) const
-    */
-    string_t value(const json_pointer& ptr, const char* default_value) const
-    {
-        return value(ptr, string_t(default_value));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access the first element
-
-    Returns a reference to the first element in the container. For a JSON
-    container `c`, the expression `c.front()` is equivalent to `*c.begin()`.
-
-    @return In case of a structured type (array or object), a reference to the
-    first element is returned. In case of number, string, or boolean values, a
-    reference to the value is returned.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @pre The JSON value must not be `null` (would throw `std::out_of_range`)
-    or an empty array or object (undefined behavior, **guarded by
-    assertions**).
-    @post The JSON value remains unchanged.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range when called on `null` value
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `front()`.,front}
-
-    @sa @ref back() -- access the last element
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference front()
-    {
-        return *begin();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::front()
-    */
-    const_reference front() const
-    {
-        return *cbegin();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access the last element
-
-    Returns a reference to the last element in the container. For a JSON
-    container `c`, the expression `c.back()` is equivalent to
-    @code {.cpp}
-    auto tmp = c.end();
-    --tmp;
-    return *tmp;
-    @endcode
-
-    @return In case of a structured type (array or object), a reference to the
-    last element is returned. In case of number, string, or boolean values, a
-    reference to the value is returned.
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @pre The JSON value must not be `null` (would throw `std::out_of_range`)
-    or an empty array or object (undefined behavior, **guarded by
-    assertions**).
-    @post The JSON value remains unchanged.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range when called on `null` value.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `back()`.,back}
-
-    @sa @ref front() -- access the first element
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reference back()
-    {
-        auto tmp = end();
-        --tmp;
-        return *tmp;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::back()
-    */
-    const_reference back() const
-    {
-        auto tmp = cend();
-        --tmp;
-        return *tmp;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief remove element given an iterator
-
-    Removes the element specified by iterator @a pos. The iterator @a pos must
-    be valid and dereferenceable. Thus the `end()` iterator (which is valid,
-    but is not dereferenceable) cannot be used as a value for @a pos.
-
-    If called on a primitive type other than `null`, the resulting JSON value
-    will be `null`.
-
-    @param[in] pos iterator to the element to remove
-    @return Iterator following the last removed element. If the iterator @a
-    pos refers to the last element, the `end()` iterator is returned.
-
-    @tparam IteratorType an @ref iterator or @ref const_iterator
-
-    @post Invalidates iterators and references at or after the point of the
-    erase, including the `end()` iterator.
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on a `null` value; example: `"cannot
-    use erase() with null"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on an iterator which does not belong to
-    the current JSON value; example: `"iterator does not fit current value"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if called on a primitive type with invalid
-    iterator (i.e., any iterator which is not `begin()`); example: `"iterator
-    out of range"`
-
-    @complexity The complexity depends on the type:
-    - objects: amortized constant
-    - arrays: linear in distance between @a pos and the end of the container
-    - strings: linear in the length of the string
-    - other types: constant
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the result of `erase()` for different JSON
-    types.,erase__IteratorType}
-
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in
-    the given range
-    @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element
-    from an object at the given key
-    @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at
-    the given index
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type
-             = 0>
-    IteratorType erase(IteratorType pos)
-    {
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
-        if (this != pos.m_object)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterator does not fit current value"));
-        }
-
-        IteratorType result = end();
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                if (not pos.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("iterator out of range"));
-                }
-
-                if (is_string())
-                {
-                    AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
-                    alloc.destroy(m_value.string);
-                    alloc.deallocate(m_value.string, 1);
-                    m_value.string = nullptr;
-                }
-
-                m_type = value_t::null;
-                assert_invariant();
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->erase(pos.m_it.object_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->erase(pos.m_it.array_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use erase() with " + type_name()));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief remove elements given an iterator range
-
-    Removes the element specified by the range `[first; last)`. The iterator
-    @a first does not need to be dereferenceable if `first == last`: erasing
-    an empty range is a no-op.
-
-    If called on a primitive type other than `null`, the resulting JSON value
-    will be `null`.
-
-    @param[in] first iterator to the beginning of the range to remove
-    @param[in] last iterator past the end of the range to remove
-    @return Iterator following the last removed element. If the iterator @a
-    second refers to the last element, the `end()` iterator is returned.
-
-    @tparam IteratorType an @ref iterator or @ref const_iterator
-
-    @post Invalidates iterators and references at or after the point of the
-    erase, including the `end()` iterator.
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on a `null` value; example: `"cannot
-    use erase() with null"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on iterators which does not belong to
-    the current JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit current value"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range if called on a primitive type with invalid
-    iterators (i.e., if `first != begin()` and `last != end()`); example:
-    `"iterators out of range"`
-
-    @complexity The complexity depends on the type:
-    - objects: `log(size()) + std::distance(first, last)`
-    - arrays: linear in the distance between @a first and @a last, plus linear
-      in the distance between @a last and end of the container
-    - strings: linear in the length of the string
-    - other types: constant
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the result of `erase()` for different JSON
-    types.,erase__IteratorType_IteratorType}
-
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position
-    @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element
-    from an object at the given key
-    @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at
-    the given index
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::iterator>::value or
-                 std::is_same<IteratorType, typename basic_json_t::const_iterator>::value, int>::type
-             = 0>
-    IteratorType erase(IteratorType first, IteratorType last)
-    {
-        // make sure iterator fits the current value
-        if (this != first.m_object or this != last.m_object)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterators do not fit current value"));
-        }
-
-        IteratorType result = end();
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                if (not first.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin() or not last.m_it.primitive_iterator.is_end())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("iterators out of range"));
-                }
-
-                if (is_string())
-                {
-                    AllocatorType<string_t> alloc;
-                    alloc.destroy(m_value.string);
-                    alloc.deallocate(m_value.string, 1);
-                    m_value.string = nullptr;
-                }
-
-                m_type = value_t::null;
-                assert_invariant();
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->erase(first.m_it.object_iterator,
-                                              last.m_it.object_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->erase(first.m_it.array_iterator,
-                                             last.m_it.array_iterator);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use erase() with " + type_name()));
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief remove element from a JSON object given a key
-
-    Removes elements from a JSON object with the key value @a key.
-
-    @param[in] key value of the elements to remove
-
-    @return Number of elements removed. If @a ObjectType is the default
-    `std::map` type, the return value will always be `0` (@a key was not
-    found) or `1` (@a key was found).
-
-    @post References and iterators to the erased elements are invalidated.
-    Other references and iterators are not affected.
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON object;
-    example: `"cannot use erase() with null"`
-
-    @complexity `log(size()) + count(key)`
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the effect of `erase()`.,erase__key_type}
-
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in
-    the given range
-    @sa @ref erase(const size_type) -- removes the element from an array at
-    the given index
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    size_type erase(const typename object_t::key_type& key)
-    {
-        // this erase only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            return m_value.object->erase(key);
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use erase() with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief remove element from a JSON array given an index
-
-    Removes element from a JSON array at the index @a idx.
-
-    @param[in] idx index of the element to remove
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON array;
-    example: `"cannot use erase() with null"`
-    @throw std::out_of_range when `idx >= size()`; example: `"array index 17
-    is out of range"`
-
-    @complexity Linear in distance between @a idx and the end of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the effect of `erase()`.,erase__size_type}
-
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType) -- removes the element at a given position
-    @sa @ref erase(IteratorType, IteratorType) -- removes the elements in
-    the given range
-    @sa @ref erase(const typename object_t::key_type&) -- removes the element
-    from an object at the given key
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void erase(const size_type idx)
-    {
-        // this erase only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            if (idx >= size())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range"));
-            }
-
-            m_value.array->erase(m_value.array->begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(idx));
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use erase() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    ////////////
-    // lookup //
-    ////////////
-
-    /// @name lookup
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief find an element in a JSON object
-
-    Finds an element in a JSON object with key equivalent to @a key. If the
-    element is not found or the JSON value is not an object, end() is
-    returned.
-
-    @note This method always returns @ref end() when executed on a JSON type
-          that is not an object.
-
-    @param[in] key key value of the element to search for
-
-    @return Iterator to an element with key equivalent to @a key. If no such
-    element is found or the JSON value is not an object, past-the-end (see
-    @ref end()) iterator is returned.
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `find()` is used.,find__key_type}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator find(typename object_t::key_type key)
-    {
-        auto result = end();
-
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->find(key);
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief find an element in a JSON object
-    @copydoc find(typename object_t::key_type)
-    */
-    const_iterator find(typename object_t::key_type key) const
-    {
-        auto result = cend();
-
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            result.m_it.object_iterator = m_value.object->find(key);
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns the number of occurrences of a key in a JSON object
-
-    Returns the number of elements with key @a key. If ObjectType is the
-    default `std::map` type, the return value will always be `0` (@a key was
-    not found) or `1` (@a key was found).
-
-    @note This method always returns `0` when executed on a JSON type that is
-          not an object.
-
-    @param[in] key key value of the element to count
-
-    @return Number of elements with key @a key. If the JSON value is not an
-    object, the return value will be `0`.
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the JSON object.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `count()` is used.,count}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    size_type count(typename object_t::key_type key) const
-    {
-        // return 0 for all nonobject types
-        return is_object() ? m_value.object->count(key) : 0;
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    ///////////////
-    // iterators //
-    ///////////////
-
-    /// @name iterators
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns an iterator to the first element
-
-    Returns an iterator to the first element.
-
-    @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @return iterator to the first element
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `begin()`.,begin}
-
-    @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator begin() noexcept
-    {
-        iterator result(this);
-        result.set_begin();
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::cbegin()
-    */
-    const_iterator begin() const noexcept
-    {
-        return cbegin();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns a const iterator to the first element
-
-    Returns a const iterator to the first element.
-
-    @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @return const iterator to the first element
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `const_cast<const basic_json&>(*this).begin()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `cbegin()`.,cbegin}
-
-    @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept
-    {
-        const_iterator result(this);
-        result.set_begin();
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns an iterator to one past the last element
-
-    Returns an iterator to one past the last element.
-
-    @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @return iterator one past the last element
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `end()`.,end}
-
-    @sa @ref cend() -- returns a const iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator end() noexcept
-    {
-        iterator result(this);
-        result.set_end();
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::cend()
-    */
-    const_iterator end() const noexcept
-    {
-        return cend();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns a const iterator to one past the last element
-
-    Returns a const iterator to one past the last element.
-
-    @image html range-begin-end.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @return const iterator one past the last element
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `const_cast<const basic_json&>(*this).end()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `cend()`.,cend}
-
-    @sa @ref end() -- returns an iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref begin() -- returns an iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref cbegin() -- returns a const iterator to the beginning
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_iterator cend() const noexcept
-    {
-        const_iterator result(this);
-        result.set_end();
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning
-
-    Returns an iterator to the reverse-beginning; that is, the last element.
-
-    @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `reverse_iterator(end())`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `rbegin()`.,rbegin}
-
-    @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reverse_iterator rbegin() noexcept
-    {
-        return reverse_iterator(end());
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::crbegin()
-    */
-    const_reverse_iterator rbegin() const noexcept
-    {
-        return crbegin();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns an iterator to the reverse-end
-
-    Returns an iterator to the reverse-end; that is, one before the first
-    element.
-
-    @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `reverse_iterator(begin())`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `rend()`.,rend}
-
-    @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    reverse_iterator rend() noexcept
-    {
-        return reverse_iterator(begin());
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc basic_json::crend()
-    */
-    const_reverse_iterator rend() const noexcept
-    {
-        return crend();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns a const reverse iterator to the last element
-
-    Returns a const iterator to the reverse-beginning; that is, the last
-    element.
-
-    @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `const_cast<const basic_json&>(*this).rbegin()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `crbegin()`.,crbegin}
-
-    @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref crend() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the end
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const noexcept
-    {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(cend());
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns a const reverse iterator to one before the first
-
-    Returns a const reverse iterator to the reverse-end; that is, one before
-    the first element.
-
-    @image html range-rbegin-rend.svg "Illustration from cppreference.com"
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [ReversibleContainer](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/ReversibleContainer)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `const_cast<const basic_json&>(*this).rend()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows an example for `crend()`.,crend}
-
-    @sa @ref rend() -- returns a reverse iterator to the end
-    @sa @ref rbegin() -- returns a reverse iterator to the beginning
-    @sa @ref crbegin() -- returns a const reverse iterator to the beginning
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    const_reverse_iterator crend() const noexcept
-    {
-        return const_reverse_iterator(cbegin());
-    }
-
-  private:
-    // forward declaration
-    template<typename IteratorType> class iteration_proxy;
-
-  public:
-    /*!
-    @brief wrapper to access iterator member functions in range-based for
-
-    This function allows to access @ref iterator::key() and @ref
-    iterator::value() during range-based for loops. In these loops, a
-    reference to the JSON values is returned, so there is no access to the
-    underlying iterator.
-
-    @note The name of this function is not yet final and may change in the
-    future.
-    */
-    static iteration_proxy<iterator> iterator_wrapper(reference cont)
-    {
-        return iteration_proxy<iterator>(cont);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc iterator_wrapper(reference)
-    */
-    static iteration_proxy<const_iterator> iterator_wrapper(const_reference cont)
-    {
-        return iteration_proxy<const_iterator>(cont);
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    //////////////
-    // capacity //
-    //////////////
-
-    /// @name capacity
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief checks whether the container is empty
-
-    Checks if a JSON value has no elements.
-
-    @return The return value depends on the different types and is
-            defined as follows:
-            Value type  | return value
-            ----------- | -------------
-            null        | `true`
-            boolean     | `false`
-            string      | `false`
-            number      | `false`
-            object      | result of function `object_t::empty()`
-            array       | result of function `array_t::empty()`
-
-    @note This function does not return whether a string stored as JSON value
-    is empty - it returns whether the JSON container itself is empty which is
-    false in the case of a string.
-
-    @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy
-    the Container concept; that is, their `empty()` functions have constant
-    complexity.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `begin() == end()`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code uses `empty()` to check if a JSON
-    object contains any elements.,empty}
-
-    @sa @ref size() -- returns the number of elements
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    bool empty() const noexcept
-    {
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::null:
-            {
-                // null values are empty
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                // delegate call to array_t::empty()
-                return m_value.array->empty();
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                // delegate call to object_t::empty()
-                return m_value.object->empty();
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                // all other types are nonempty
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns the number of elements
-
-    Returns the number of elements in a JSON value.
-
-    @return The return value depends on the different types and is
-            defined as follows:
-            Value type  | return value
-            ----------- | -------------
-            null        | `0`
-            boolean     | `1`
-            string      | `1`
-            number      | `1`
-            object      | result of function object_t::size()
-            array       | result of function array_t::size()
-
-    @note This function does not return the length of a string stored as JSON
-    value - it returns the number of elements in the JSON value which is 1 in
-    the case of a string.
-
-    @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy
-    the Container concept; that is, their size() functions have constant
-    complexity.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of `std::distance(begin(), end())`.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code calls `size()` on the different value
-    types.,size}
-
-    @sa @ref empty() -- checks whether the container is empty
-    @sa @ref max_size() -- returns the maximal number of elements
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    size_type size() const noexcept
-    {
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::null:
-            {
-                // null values are empty
-                return 0;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                // delegate call to array_t::size()
-                return m_value.array->size();
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                // delegate call to object_t::size()
-                return m_value.object->size();
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                // all other types have size 1
-                return 1;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief returns the maximum possible number of elements
-
-    Returns the maximum number of elements a JSON value is able to hold due to
-    system or library implementation limitations, i.e. `std::distance(begin(),
-    end())` for the JSON value.
-
-    @return The return value depends on the different types and is
-            defined as follows:
-            Value type  | return value
-            ----------- | -------------
-            null        | `0` (same as `size()`)
-            boolean     | `1` (same as `size()`)
-            string      | `1` (same as `size()`)
-            number      | `1` (same as `size()`)
-            object      | result of function `object_t::max_size()`
-            array       | result of function `array_t::max_size()`
-
-    @complexity Constant, as long as @ref array_t and @ref object_t satisfy
-    the Container concept; that is, their `max_size()` functions have constant
-    complexity.
-
-    @requirement This function helps `basic_json` satisfying the
-    [Container](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container)
-    requirements:
-    - The complexity is constant.
-    - Has the semantics of returning `b.size()` where `b` is the largest
-      possible JSON value.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code calls `max_size()` on the different value
-    types. Note the output is implementation specific.,max_size}
-
-    @sa @ref size() -- returns the number of elements
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    size_type max_size() const noexcept
-    {
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                // delegate call to array_t::max_size()
-                return m_value.array->max_size();
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                // delegate call to object_t::max_size()
-                return m_value.object->max_size();
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                // all other types have max_size() == size()
-                return size();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    ///////////////
-    // modifiers //
-    ///////////////
-
-    /// @name modifiers
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief clears the contents
-
-    Clears the content of a JSON value and resets it to the default value as
-    if @ref basic_json(value_t) would have been called:
-
-    Value type  | initial value
-    ----------- | -------------
-    null        | `null`
-    boolean     | `false`
-    string      | `""`
-    number      | `0`
-    object      | `{}`
-    array       | `[]`
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows the effect of `clear()` to different
-    JSON types.,clear}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void clear() noexcept
-    {
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                m_value.number_integer = 0;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                m_value.number_unsigned = 0;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                m_value.number_float = 0.0;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                m_value.boolean = false;
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                m_value.string->clear();
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                m_value.array->clear();
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                m_value.object->clear();
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an array
-
-    Appends the given element @a val to the end of the JSON value. If the
-    function is called on a JSON null value, an empty array is created before
-    appending @a val.
-
-    @param[in] val the value to add to the JSON array
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON array or
-    null; example: `"cannot use push_back() with number"`
-
-    @complexity Amortized constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` and `+=` can be used to
-    add elements to a JSON array. Note how the `null` value was silently
-    converted to a JSON array.,push_back}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void push_back(basic_json&& val)
-    {
-        // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (not(is_null() or is_array()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use push_back() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // transform null object into an array
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::array;
-            m_value = value_t::array;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // add element to array (move semantics)
-        m_value.array->push_back(std::move(val));
-        // invalidate object
-        val.m_type = value_t::null;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an array
-    @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&)
-    */
-    reference operator+=(basic_json&& val)
-    {
-        push_back(std::move(val));
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an array
-    @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&)
-    */
-    void push_back(const basic_json& val)
-    {
-        // push_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (not(is_null() or is_array()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use push_back() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // transform null object into an array
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::array;
-            m_value = value_t::array;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // add element to array
-        m_value.array->push_back(val);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an array
-    @copydoc push_back(basic_json&&)
-    */
-    reference operator+=(const basic_json& val)
-    {
-        push_back(val);
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an object
-
-    Inserts the given element @a val to the JSON object. If the function is
-    called on a JSON null value, an empty object is created before inserting
-    @a val.
-
-    @param[in] val the value to add to the JSON object
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON object or
-    null; example: `"cannot use push_back() with number"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(`size()`)).
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` and `+=` can be used to
-    add elements to a JSON object. Note how the `null` value was silently
-    converted to a JSON object.,push_back__object_t__value}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void push_back(const typename object_t::value_type& val)
-    {
-        // push_back only works for null objects or objects
-        if (not(is_null() or is_object()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use push_back() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // transform null object into an object
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::object;
-            m_value = value_t::object;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // add element to array
-        m_value.object->insert(val);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an object
-    @copydoc push_back(const typename object_t::value_type&)
-    */
-    reference operator+=(const typename object_t::value_type& val)
-    {
-        push_back(val);
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an object
-
-    This function allows to use `push_back` with an initializer list. In case
-
-    1. the current value is an object,
-    2. the initializer list @a init contains only two elements, and
-    3. the first element of @a init is a string,
-
-    @a init is converted into an object element and added using
-    @ref push_back(const typename object_t::value_type&). Otherwise, @a init
-    is converted to a JSON value and added using @ref push_back(basic_json&&).
-
-    @param init  an initializer list
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the initializer list @a init.
-
-    @note This function is required to resolve an ambiguous overload error,
-          because pairs like `{"key", "value"}` can be both interpreted as
-          `object_t::value_type` or `std::initializer_list<basic_json>`, see
-          https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/235 for more information.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how initializer lists are treated as
-    objects when possible.,push_back__initializer_list}
-    */
-    void push_back(std::initializer_list<basic_json> init)
-    {
-        if (is_object() and init.size() == 2 and init.begin()->is_string())
-        {
-            const string_t key = *init.begin();
-            push_back(typename object_t::value_type(key, *(init.begin() + 1)));
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            push_back(basic_json(init));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an object
-    @copydoc push_back(std::initializer_list<basic_json>)
-    */
-    reference operator+=(std::initializer_list<basic_json> init)
-    {
-        push_back(init);
-        return *this;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an array
-
-    Creates a JSON value from the passed parameters @a args to the end of the
-    JSON value. If the function is called on a JSON null value, an empty array
-    is created before appending the value created from @a args.
-
-    @param[in] args arguments to forward to a constructor of @ref basic_json
-    @tparam Args compatible types to create a @ref basic_json object
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON array or
-    null; example: `"cannot use emplace_back() with number"`
-
-    @complexity Amortized constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `push_back()` can be used to add
-    elements to a JSON array. Note how the `null` value was silently converted
-    to a JSON array.,emplace_back}
-
-    @since version 2.0.8
-    */
-    template<class... Args>
-    void emplace_back(Args&& ... args)
-    {
-        // emplace_back only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (not(is_null() or is_array()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use emplace_back() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // transform null object into an array
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::array;
-            m_value = value_t::array;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
-        m_value.array->emplace_back(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief add an object to an object if key does not exist
-
-    Inserts a new element into a JSON object constructed in-place with the
-    given @a args if there is no element with the key in the container. If the
-    function is called on a JSON null value, an empty object is created before
-    appending the value created from @a args.
-
-    @param[in] args arguments to forward to a constructor of @ref basic_json
-    @tparam Args compatible types to create a @ref basic_json object
-
-    @return a pair consisting of an iterator to the inserted element, or the
-            already-existing element if no insertion happened, and a bool
-            denoting whether the insertion took place.
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when called on a type other than JSON object or
-    null; example: `"cannot use emplace() with number"`
-
-    @complexity Logarithmic in the size of the container, O(log(`size()`)).
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `emplace()` can be used to add elements
-    to a JSON object. Note how the `null` value was silently converted to a
-    JSON object. Further note how no value is added if there was already one
-    value stored with the same key.,emplace}
-
-    @since version 2.0.8
-    */
-    template<class... Args>
-    std::pair<iterator, bool> emplace(Args&& ... args)
-    {
-        // emplace only works for null objects or arrays
-        if (not(is_null() or is_object()))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use emplace() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // transform null object into an object
-        if (is_null())
-        {
-            m_type = value_t::object;
-            m_value = value_t::object;
-            assert_invariant();
-        }
-
-        // add element to array (perfect forwarding)
-        auto res = m_value.object->emplace(std::forward<Args>(args)...);
-        // create result iterator and set iterator to the result of emplace
-        auto it = begin();
-        it.m_it.object_iterator = res.first;
-
-        // return pair of iterator and boolean
-        return {it, res.second};
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief inserts element
-
-    Inserts element @a val before iterator @a pos.
-
-    @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be
-    the end() iterator
-    @param[in] val element to insert
-    @return iterator pointing to the inserted @a val.
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on JSON values other than arrays;
-    example: `"cannot use insert() with string"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example:
-    `"iterator does not fit current value"`
-
-    @complexity Constant plus linear in the distance between @a pos and end of
-    the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const basic_json& val)
-    {
-        // insert only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
-            if (pos.m_object != this)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterator does not fit current value"));
-            }
-
-            // insert to array and return iterator
-            iterator result(this);
-            result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, val);
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use insert() with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief inserts element
-    @copydoc insert(const_iterator, const basic_json&)
-    */
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, basic_json&& val)
-    {
-        return insert(pos, val);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief inserts elements
-
-    Inserts @a cnt copies of @a val before iterator @a pos.
-
-    @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be
-    the end() iterator
-    @param[in] cnt number of copies of @a val to insert
-    @param[in] val element to insert
-    @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if
-    `cnt==0`
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on JSON values other than arrays;
-    example: `"cannot use insert() with string"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example:
-    `"iterator does not fit current value"`
-
-    @complexity Linear in @a cnt plus linear in the distance between @a pos
-    and end of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__count}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, size_type cnt, const basic_json& val)
-    {
-        // insert only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
-            if (pos.m_object != this)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterator does not fit current value"));
-            }
-
-            // insert to array and return iterator
-            iterator result(this);
-            result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, cnt, val);
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use insert() with " + type_name()));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief inserts elements
-
-    Inserts elements from range `[first, last)` before iterator @a pos.
-
-    @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be
-    the end() iterator
-    @param[in] first begin of the range of elements to insert
-    @param[in] last end of the range of elements to insert
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on JSON values other than arrays;
-    example: `"cannot use insert() with string"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example:
-    `"iterator does not fit current value"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a first and @a last do not belong to the same
-    JSON value; example: `"iterators do not fit"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a first or @a last are iterators into
-    container for which insert is called; example: `"passed iterators may not
-    belong to container"`
-
-    @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if
-    `first==last`
-
-    @complexity Linear in `std::distance(first, last)` plus linear in the
-    distance between @a pos and end of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__range}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, const_iterator first, const_iterator last)
-    {
-        // insert only works for arrays
-        if (not is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use insert() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
-        if (pos.m_object != this)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterator does not fit current value"));
-        }
-
-        // check if range iterators belong to the same JSON object
-        if (first.m_object != last.m_object)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterators do not fit"));
-        }
-
-        if (first.m_object == this or last.m_object == this)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("passed iterators may not belong to container"));
-        }
-
-        // insert to array and return iterator
-        iterator result(this);
-        result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(
-                                         pos.m_it.array_iterator,
-                                         first.m_it.array_iterator,
-                                         last.m_it.array_iterator);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief inserts elements
-
-    Inserts elements from initializer list @a ilist before iterator @a pos.
-
-    @param[in] pos iterator before which the content will be inserted; may be
-    the end() iterator
-    @param[in] ilist initializer list to insert the values from
-
-    @throw std::domain_error if called on JSON values other than arrays;
-    example: `"cannot use insert() with string"`
-    @throw std::domain_error if @a pos is not an iterator of *this; example:
-    `"iterator does not fit current value"`
-
-    @return iterator pointing to the first element inserted, or @a pos if
-    `ilist` is empty
-
-    @complexity Linear in `ilist.size()` plus linear in the distance between
-    @a pos and end of the container.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows how `insert()` is used.,insert__ilist}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    iterator insert(const_iterator pos, std::initializer_list<basic_json> ilist)
-    {
-        // insert only works for arrays
-        if (not is_array())
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use insert() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-
-        // check if iterator pos fits to this JSON value
-        if (pos.m_object != this)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("iterator does not fit current value"));
-        }
-
-        // insert to array and return iterator
-        iterator result(this);
-        result.m_it.array_iterator = m_value.array->insert(pos.m_it.array_iterator, ilist);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief exchanges the values
-
-    Exchanges the contents of the JSON value with those of @a other. Does not
-    invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
-    iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
-    invalidated.
-
-    @param[in,out] other JSON value to exchange the contents with
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how JSON values can be swapped with
-    `swap()`.,swap__reference}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void swap(reference other) noexcept (
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<value_t>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json_value>::value and
-        std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json_value>::value
-    )
-    {
-        std::swap(m_type, other.m_type);
-        std::swap(m_value, other.m_value);
-        assert_invariant();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief exchanges the values
-
-    Exchanges the contents of a JSON array with those of @a other. Does not
-    invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
-    iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
-    invalidated.
-
-    @param[in,out] other array to exchange the contents with
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when JSON value is not an array; example:
-    `"cannot use swap() with string"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how arrays can be swapped with
-    `swap()`.,swap__array_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void swap(array_t& other)
-    {
-        // swap only works for arrays
-        if (is_array())
-        {
-            std::swap(*(m_value.array), other);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use swap() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief exchanges the values
-
-    Exchanges the contents of a JSON object with those of @a other. Does not
-    invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
-    iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
-    invalidated.
-
-    @param[in,out] other object to exchange the contents with
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when JSON value is not an object; example:
-    `"cannot use swap() with string"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how objects can be swapped with
-    `swap()`.,swap__object_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void swap(object_t& other)
-    {
-        // swap only works for objects
-        if (is_object())
-        {
-            std::swap(*(m_value.object), other);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use swap() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief exchanges the values
-
-    Exchanges the contents of a JSON string with those of @a other. Does not
-    invoke any move, copy, or swap operations on individual elements. All
-    iterators and references remain valid. The past-the-end iterator is
-    invalidated.
-
-    @param[in,out] other string to exchange the contents with
-
-    @throw std::domain_error when JSON value is not a string; example: `"cannot
-    use swap() with boolean"`
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how strings can be swapped with
-    `swap()`.,swap__string_t}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    void swap(string_t& other)
-    {
-        // swap only works for strings
-        if (is_string())
-        {
-            std::swap(*(m_value.string), other);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use swap() with " + type_name()));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-  public:
-    //////////////////////////////////////////
-    // lexicographical comparison operators //
-    //////////////////////////////////////////
-
-    /// @name lexicographical comparison operators
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: equal
-
-    Compares two JSON values for equality according to the following rules:
-    - Two JSON values are equal if (1) they are from the same type and (2)
-      their stored values are the same.
-    - Integer and floating-point numbers are automatically converted before
-      comparison. Floating-point numbers are compared indirectly: two
-      floating-point numbers `f1` and `f2` are considered equal if neither
-      `f1 > f2` nor `f2 > f1` holds.
-    - Two JSON null values are equal.
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether the values @a lhs and @a rhs are equal
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__equal}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        const auto lhs_type = lhs.type();
-        const auto rhs_type = rhs.type();
-
-        if (lhs_type == rhs_type)
-        {
-            switch (lhs_type)
-            {
-                case value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.array == *rhs.m_value.array;
-                }
-                case value_t::object:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.object == *rhs.m_value.object;
-                }
-                case value_t::null:
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                case value_t::string:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.string == *rhs.m_value.string;
-                }
-                case value_t::boolean:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.boolean == rhs.m_value.boolean;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_integer:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_integer == rhs.m_value.number_integer;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_unsigned:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_unsigned == rhs.m_value.number_unsigned;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_float:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_float == rhs.m_value.number_float;
-                }
-                default:
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_integer) == rhs.m_value.number_float;
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_integer);
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_float;
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_float == static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_integer_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) == rhs.m_value.number_integer;
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_integer == static_cast<number_integer_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
-        }
-
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: equal
-    @copydoc operator==(const_reference, const_reference)
-    */
-    template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    friend bool operator==(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return (lhs == basic_json(rhs));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: equal
-    @copydoc operator==(const_reference, const_reference)
-    */
-    template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    friend bool operator==(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return (basic_json(lhs) == rhs);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: not equal
-
-    Compares two JSON values for inequality by calculating `not (lhs == rhs)`.
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether the values @a lhs and @a rhs are not equal
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__notequal}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return not (lhs == rhs);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: not equal
-    @copydoc operator!=(const_reference, const_reference)
-    */
-    template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    friend bool operator!=(const_reference lhs, const ScalarType rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return (lhs != basic_json(rhs));
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: not equal
-    @copydoc operator!=(const_reference, const_reference)
-    */
-    template<typename ScalarType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_scalar<ScalarType>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    friend bool operator!=(const ScalarType lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return (basic_json(lhs) != rhs);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: less than
-
-    Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is less than another JSON value @a
-    rhs according to the following rules:
-    - If @a lhs and @a rhs have the same type, the values are compared using
-      the default `<` operator.
-    - Integer and floating-point numbers are automatically converted before
-      comparison
-    - In case @a lhs and @a rhs have different types, the values are ignored
-      and the order of the types is considered, see
-      @ref operator<(const value_t, const value_t).
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether @a lhs is less than @a rhs
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__less}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator<(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        const auto lhs_type = lhs.type();
-        const auto rhs_type = rhs.type();
-
-        if (lhs_type == rhs_type)
-        {
-            switch (lhs_type)
-            {
-                case value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.array < *rhs.m_value.array;
-                }
-                case value_t::object:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.object < *rhs.m_value.object;
-                }
-                case value_t::null:
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                case value_t::string:
-                {
-                    return *lhs.m_value.string < *rhs.m_value.string;
-                }
-                case value_t::boolean:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.boolean < rhs.m_value.boolean;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_integer:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_integer < rhs.m_value.number_integer;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_unsigned:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_unsigned < rhs.m_value.number_unsigned;
-                }
-                case value_t::number_float:
-                {
-                    return lhs.m_value.number_float < rhs.m_value.number_float;
-                }
-                default:
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_integer) < rhs.m_value.number_float;
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_integer);
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_float)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_float_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_float;
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_float and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_float < static_cast<number_float_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_integer and rhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned)
-        {
-            return lhs.m_value.number_integer < static_cast<number_integer_t>(rhs.m_value.number_unsigned);
-        }
-        else if (lhs_type == value_t::number_unsigned and rhs_type == value_t::number_integer)
-        {
-            return static_cast<number_integer_t>(lhs.m_value.number_unsigned) < rhs.m_value.number_integer;
-        }
-
-        // We only reach this line if we cannot compare values. In that case,
-        // we compare types. Note we have to call the operator explicitly,
-        // because MSVC has problems otherwise.
-        return operator<(lhs_type, rhs_type);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: less than or equal
-
-    Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is less than or equal to another
-    JSON value by calculating `not (rhs < lhs)`.
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether @a lhs is less than or equal to @a rhs
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__greater}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator<=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return not (rhs < lhs);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: greater than
-
-    Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is greater than another
-    JSON value by calculating `not (lhs <= rhs)`.
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether @a lhs is greater than to @a rhs
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__lessequal}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator>(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return not (lhs <= rhs);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief comparison: greater than or equal
-
-    Compares whether one JSON value @a lhs is greater than or equal to another
-    JSON value by calculating `not (lhs < rhs)`.
-
-    @param[in] lhs  first JSON value to consider
-    @param[in] rhs  second JSON value to consider
-    @return whether @a lhs is greater than or equal to @a rhs
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example demonstrates comparing several JSON
-    types.,operator__greaterequal}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend bool operator>=(const_reference lhs, const_reference rhs) noexcept
-    {
-        return not (lhs < rhs);
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    ///////////////////
-    // serialization //
-    ///////////////////
-
-    /// @name serialization
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief serialize to stream
-
-    Serialize the given JSON value @a j to the output stream @a o. The JSON
-    value will be serialized using the @ref dump member function. The
-    indentation of the output can be controlled with the member variable
-    `width` of the output stream @a o. For instance, using the manipulator
-    `std::setw(4)` on @a o sets the indentation level to `4` and the
-    serialization result is the same as calling `dump(4)`.
-
-    @param[in,out] o  stream to serialize to
-    @param[in] j  JSON value to serialize
-
-    @return the stream @a o
-
-    @complexity Linear.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows the serialization with different
-    parameters to `width` to adjust the indentation level.,operator_serialize}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const basic_json& j)
-    {
-        // read width member and use it as indentation parameter if nonzero
-        const bool pretty_print = (o.width() > 0);
-        const auto indentation = (pretty_print ? o.width() : 0);
-
-        // reset width to 0 for subsequent calls to this stream
-        o.width(0);
-
-        // do the actual serialization
-        j.dump(o, pretty_print, static_cast<unsigned int>(indentation));
-
-        return o;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief serialize to stream
-    @copydoc operator<<(std::ostream&, const basic_json&)
-    */
-    friend std::ostream& operator>>(const basic_json& j, std::ostream& o)
-    {
-        return o << j;
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-
-    /////////////////////
-    // deserialization //
-    /////////////////////
-
-    /// @name deserialization
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from an array
-
-    This function reads from an array of 1-byte values.
-
-    @pre Each element of the container has a size of 1 byte. Violating this
-    precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced
-    with a static assertion.**
-
-    @param[in] array  array to read from
-    @param[in] cb  a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @return result of the deserialization
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading
-    from an array.,parse__array__parser_callback_t}
-
-    @since version 2.0.3
-    */
-    template<class T, std::size_t N>
-    static basic_json parse(T (&array)[N],
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        // delegate the call to the iterator-range parse overload
-        return parse(std::begin(array), std::end(array), cb);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from string literal
-
-    @tparam CharT character/literal type with size of 1 byte
-    @param[in] s  string literal to read a serialized JSON value from
-    @param[in] cb a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @return result of the deserialization
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-    @note String containers like `std::string` or @ref string_t can be parsed
-          with @ref parse(const ContiguousContainer&, const parser_callback_t)
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with
-    and without callback function.,parse__string__parser_callback_t}
-
-    @sa @ref parse(std::istream&, const parser_callback_t) for a version that
-    reads from an input stream
-
-    @since version 1.0.0 (originally for @ref string_t)
-    */
-    template<typename CharT, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_pointer<CharT>::value and
-                 std::is_integral<typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type>::value and
-                 sizeof(typename std::remove_pointer<CharT>::type) == 1, int>::type = 0>
-    static basic_json parse(const CharT s,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        return parser(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(s), cb).parse();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from stream
-
-    @param[in,out] i  stream to read a serialized JSON value from
-    @param[in] cb a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @return result of the deserialization
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function with
-    and without callback function.,parse__istream__parser_callback_t}
-
-    @sa @ref parse(const CharT, const parser_callback_t) for a version
-    that reads from a string
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    static basic_json parse(std::istream& i,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        return parser(i, cb).parse();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @copydoc parse(std::istream&, const parser_callback_t)
-    */
-    static basic_json parse(std::istream&& i,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        return parser(i, cb).parse();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from an iterator range with contiguous storage
-
-    This function reads from an iterator range of a container with contiguous
-    storage of 1-byte values. Compatible container types include
-    `std::vector`, `std::string`, `std::array`, `std::valarray`, and
-    `std::initializer_list`. Furthermore, C-style arrays can be used with
-    `std::begin()`/`std::end()`. User-defined containers can be used as long
-    as they implement random-access iterators and a contiguous storage.
-
-    @pre The iterator range is contiguous. Violating this precondition yields
-    undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with an assertion.**
-    @pre Each element in the range has a size of 1 byte. Violating this
-    precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced
-    with a static assertion.**
-
-    @warning There is no way to enforce all preconditions at compile-time. If
-             the function is called with noncompliant iterators and with
-             assertions switched off, the behavior is undefined and will most
-             likely yield segmentation violation.
-
-    @tparam IteratorType iterator of container with contiguous storage
-    @param[in] first  begin of the range to parse (included)
-    @param[in] last  end of the range to parse (excluded)
-    @param[in] cb  a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @return result of the deserialization
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading
-    from an iterator range.,parse__iteratortype__parser_callback_t}
-
-    @since version 2.0.3
-    */
-    template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                 std::is_base_of<
-                     std::random_access_iterator_tag,
-                     typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category>::value, int>::type = 0>
-    static basic_json parse(IteratorType first, IteratorType last,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        // assertion to check that the iterator range is indeed contiguous,
-        // see http://stackoverflow.com/a/35008842/266378 for more discussion
-        assert(std::accumulate(first, last, std::pair<bool, int>(true, 0),
-                               [&first](std::pair<bool, int> res, decltype(*first) val)
-        {
-            res.first &= (val == *(std::next(std::addressof(*first), res.second++)));
-            return res;
-        }).first);
-
-        // assertion to check that each element is 1 byte long
-        static_assert(sizeof(typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::value_type) == 1,
-                      "each element in the iterator range must have the size of 1 byte");
-
-        // if iterator range is empty, create a parser with an empty string
-        // to generate "unexpected EOF" error message
-        if (std::distance(first, last) <= 0)
-        {
-            return parser("").parse();
-        }
-
-        return parser(first, last, cb).parse();
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from a container with contiguous storage
-
-    This function reads from a container with contiguous storage of 1-byte
-    values. Compatible container types include `std::vector`, `std::string`,
-    `std::array`, and `std::initializer_list`. User-defined containers can be
-    used as long as they implement random-access iterators and a contiguous
-    storage.
-
-    @pre The container storage is contiguous. Violating this precondition
-    yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced with an
-    assertion.**
-    @pre Each element of the container has a size of 1 byte. Violating this
-    precondition yields undefined behavior. **This precondition is enforced
-    with a static assertion.**
-
-    @warning There is no way to enforce all preconditions at compile-time. If
-             the function is called with a noncompliant container and with
-             assertions switched off, the behavior is undefined and will most
-             likely yield segmentation violation.
-
-    @tparam ContiguousContainer container type with contiguous storage
-    @param[in] c  container to read from
-    @param[in] cb  a parser callback function of type @ref parser_callback_t
-    which is used to control the deserialization by filtering unwanted values
-    (optional)
-
-    @return result of the deserialization
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser. The complexity can be higher if the parser callback function
-    @a cb has a super-linear complexity.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below demonstrates the `parse()` function reading
-    from a contiguous container.,parse__contiguouscontainer__parser_callback_t}
-
-    @since version 2.0.3
-    */
-    template<class ContiguousContainer, typename std::enable_if<
-                 not std::is_pointer<ContiguousContainer>::value and
-                 std::is_base_of<
-                     std::random_access_iterator_tag,
-                     typename std::iterator_traits<decltype(std::begin(std::declval<ContiguousContainer const>()))>::iterator_category>::value
-                 , int>::type = 0>
-    static basic_json parse(const ContiguousContainer& c,
-                            const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-    {
-        // delegate the call to the iterator-range parse overload
-        return parse(std::begin(c), std::end(c), cb);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from stream
-
-    Deserializes an input stream to a JSON value.
-
-    @param[in,out] i  input stream to read a serialized JSON value from
-    @param[in,out] j  JSON value to write the deserialized input to
-
-    @throw std::invalid_argument in case of parse errors
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of the input. The parser is a predictive
-    LL(1) parser.
-
-    @note A UTF-8 byte order mark is silently ignored.
-
-    @liveexample{The example below shows how a JSON value is constructed by
-    reading a serialization from a stream.,operator_deserialize}
-
-    @sa parse(std::istream&, const parser_callback_t) for a variant with a
-    parser callback function to filter values while parsing
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    friend std::istream& operator<<(basic_json& j, std::istream& i)
-    {
-        j = parser(i).parse();
-        return i;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief deserialize from stream
-    @copydoc operator<<(basic_json&, std::istream&)
-    */
-    friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& i, basic_json& j)
-    {
-        j = parser(i).parse();
-        return i;
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-    //////////////////////////////////////////
-    // binary serialization/deserialization //
-    //////////////////////////////////////////
-
-    /// @name binary serialization/deserialization support
-    /// @{
-
-  private:
-    /*!
-    @note Some code in the switch cases has been copied, because otherwise
-          copilers would complain about implicit fallthrough and there is no
-          portable attribute to mute such warnings.
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    static void add_to_vector(std::vector<uint8_t>& vec, size_t bytes, const T number)
-    {
-        assert(bytes == 1 or bytes == 2 or bytes == 4 or bytes == 8);
-
-        switch (bytes)
-        {
-            case 8:
-            {
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(number) >> 070) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(number) >> 060) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(number) >> 050) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((static_cast<uint64_t>(number) >> 040) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 030) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 020) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 010) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(number & 0xff));
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case 4:
-            {
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 030) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 020) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 010) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(number & 0xff));
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case 2:
-            {
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((number >> 010) & 0xff));
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(number & 0xff));
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case 1:
-            {
-                vec.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(number & 0xff));
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief take sufficient bytes from a vector to fill an integer variable
-
-    In the context of binary serialization formats, we need to read several
-    bytes from a byte vector and combine them to multi-byte integral data
-    types.
-
-    @param[in] vec  byte vector to read from
-    @param[in] current_index  the position in the vector after which to read
-
-    @return the next sizeof(T) bytes from @a vec, in reverse order as T
-
-    @tparam T the integral return type
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range if there are less than sizeof(T)+1 bytes in the
-           vector @a vec to read
-
-    In the for loop, the bytes from the vector are copied in reverse order into
-    the return value. In the figures below, let sizeof(T)=4 and `i` be the loop
-    variable.
-
-    Precondition:
-
-    vec:   |   |   | a | b | c | d |      T: |   |   |   |   |
-                 ^               ^             ^                ^
-           current_index         i            ptr        sizeof(T)
-
-    Postcondition:
-
-    vec:   |   |   | a | b | c | d |      T: | d | c | b | a |
-                 ^   ^                                     ^
-                 |   i                                    ptr
-           current_index
-
-    @sa Code adapted from <http://stackoverflow.com/a/41031865/266378>.
-    */
-    template<typename T>
-    static T get_from_vector(const std::vector<uint8_t>& vec, const size_t current_index)
-    {
-        if (current_index + sizeof(T) + 1 > vec.size())
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot read " + std::to_string(sizeof(T)) + " bytes from vector"));
-        }
-
-        T result;
-        auto* ptr = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&result);
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < sizeof(T); ++i)
-        {
-            *ptr++ = vec[current_index + sizeof(T) - i];
-        }
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
-
-    This is a straightforward implementation of the MessagePack specification.
-
-    @param[in] j  JSON value to serialize
-    @param[in,out] v  byte vector to write the serialization to
-
-    @sa https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack/blob/master/spec.md
-    */
-    static void to_msgpack_internal(const basic_json& j, std::vector<uint8_t>& v)
-    {
-        switch (j.type())
-        {
-            case value_t::null:
-            {
-                // nil
-                v.push_back(0xc0);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                // true and false
-                v.push_back(j.m_value.boolean ? 0xc3 : 0xc2);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                if (j.m_value.number_integer >= 0)
-                {
-                    // MessagePack does not differentiate between positive
-                    // signed integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we
-                    // used the code from the value_t::number_unsigned case
-                    // here.
-                    if (j.m_value.number_unsigned < 128)
-                    {
-                        // positive fixnum
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // uint 8
-                        v.push_back(0xcc);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // uint 16
-                        v.push_back(0xcd);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 2, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // uint 32
-                        v.push_back(0xce);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 4, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // uint 64
-                        v.push_back(0xcf);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 8, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                    }
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    if (j.m_value.number_integer >= -32)
-                    {
-                        // negative fixnum
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::min() and j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<int8_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 8
-                        v.push_back(0xd0);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::min() and j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 16
-                        v.push_back(0xd1);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 2, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min() and j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 32
-                        v.push_back(0xd2);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 4, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer >= std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min() and j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 64
-                        v.push_back(0xd3);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 8, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                if (j.m_value.number_unsigned < 128)
-                {
-                    // positive fixnum
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max())
-                {
-                    // uint 8
-                    v.push_back(0xcc);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max())
-                {
-                    // uint 16
-                    v.push_back(0xcd);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
-                {
-                    // uint 32
-                    v.push_back(0xce);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())
-                {
-                    // uint 64
-                    v.push_back(0xcf);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 8, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                // float 64
-                v.push_back(0xcb);
-                const auto* helper = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&(j.m_value.number_float));
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(helper[7 - i]);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.string->size();
-                if (N <= 31)
-                {
-                    // fixstr
-                    v.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(0xa0 | N));
-                }
-                else if (N <= 255)
-                {
-                    // str 8
-                    v.push_back(0xd9);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 65535)
-                {
-                    // str 16
-                    v.push_back(0xda);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 4294967295)
-                {
-                    // str 32
-                    v.push_back(0xdb);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);
-                }
-
-                // append string
-                std::copy(j.m_value.string->begin(), j.m_value.string->end(),
-                          std::back_inserter(v));
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.array->size();
-                if (N <= 15)
-                {
-                    // fixarray
-                    v.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(0x90 | N));
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffff)
-                {
-                    // array 16
-                    v.push_back(0xdc);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffff)
-                {
-                    // array 32
-                    v.push_back(0xdd);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);
-                }
-
-                // append each element
-                for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.array)
-                {
-                    to_msgpack_internal(el, v);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.object->size();
-                if (N <= 15)
-                {
-                    // fixmap
-                    v.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(0x80 | (N & 0xf)));
-                }
-                else if (N <= 65535)
-                {
-                    // map 16
-                    v.push_back(0xde);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 4294967295)
-                {
-                    // map 32
-                    v.push_back(0xdf);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);
-                }
-
-                // append each element
-                for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.object)
-                {
-                    to_msgpack_internal(el.first, v);
-                    to_msgpack_internal(el.second, v);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a CBOR serialization of a given JSON value
-
-    This is a straightforward implementation of the CBOR specification.
-
-    @param[in] j  JSON value to serialize
-    @param[in,out] v  byte vector to write the serialization to
-
-    @sa https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049
-    */
-    static void to_cbor_internal(const basic_json& j, std::vector<uint8_t>& v)
-    {
-        switch (j.type())
-        {
-            case value_t::null:
-            {
-                v.push_back(0xf6);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                v.push_back(j.m_value.boolean ? 0xf5 : 0xf4);
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                if (j.m_value.number_integer >= 0)
-                {
-                    // CBOR does not differentiate between positive signed
-                    // integers and unsigned integers. Therefore, we used the
-                    // code from the value_t::number_unsigned case here.
-                    if (j.m_value.number_integer <= 0x17)
-                    {
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        v.push_back(0x18);
-                        // one-byte uint8_t
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        v.push_back(0x19);
-                        // two-byte uint16_t
-                        add_to_vector(v, 2, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else if (j.m_value.number_integer <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        v.push_back(0x1a);
-                        // four-byte uint32_t
-                        add_to_vector(v, 4, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        v.push_back(0x1b);
-                        // eight-byte uint64_t
-                        add_to_vector(v, 8, j.m_value.number_integer);
-                    }
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    // The conversions below encode the sign in the first
-                    // byte, and the value is converted to a positive number.
-                    const auto positive_number = -1 - j.m_value.number_integer;
-                    if (j.m_value.number_integer >= -24)
-                    {
-                        v.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(0x20 + positive_number));
-                    }
-                    else if (positive_number <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 8
-                        v.push_back(0x38);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 1, positive_number);
-                    }
-                    else if (positive_number <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 16
-                        v.push_back(0x39);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 2, positive_number);
-                    }
-                    else if (positive_number <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max())
-                    {
-                        // int 32
-                        v.push_back(0x3a);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 4, positive_number);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        // int 64
-                        v.push_back(0x3b);
-                        add_to_vector(v, 8, positive_number);
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0x17)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(j.m_value.number_unsigned));
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0xff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x18);
-                    // one-byte uint8_t
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0xffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x19);
-                    // two-byte uint16_t
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0xffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x1a);
-                    // four-byte uint32_t
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                else if (j.m_value.number_unsigned <= 0xffffffffffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x1b);
-                    // eight-byte uint64_t
-                    add_to_vector(v, 8, j.m_value.number_unsigned);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                // Double-Precision Float
-                v.push_back(0xfb);
-                const auto* helper = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(&(j.m_value.number_float));
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(helper[7 - i]);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.string->size();
-                if (N <= 0x17)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x60 + static_cast<uint8_t>(N));  // 1 byte for string + size
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x78);  // one-byte uint8_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x79);  // two-byte uint16_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x7a); // four-byte uint32_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffffffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x7b);  // eight-byte uint64_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 8, N);
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-
-                // append string
-                std::copy(j.m_value.string->begin(), j.m_value.string->end(),
-                          std::back_inserter(v));
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.array->size();
-                if (N <= 0x17)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x80 + static_cast<uint8_t>(N));  // 1 byte for array + size
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x98);  // one-byte uint8_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x99);  // two-byte uint16_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x9a);  // four-byte uint32_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffffffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0x9b);  // eight-byte uint64_t for N
-                    add_to_vector(v, 8, N);
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-
-                // append each element
-                for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.array)
-                {
-                    to_cbor_internal(el, v);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                const auto N = j.m_value.object->size();
-                if (N <= 0x17)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0xa0 + static_cast<uint8_t>(N));  // 1 byte for object + size
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0xb8);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 1, N);  // one-byte uint8_t for N
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0xb9);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 2, N);  // two-byte uint16_t for N
-                }
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0xba);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 4, N);  // four-byte uint32_t for N
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_START
-                else if (N <= 0xffffffffffffffff)
-                {
-                    v.push_back(0xbb);
-                    add_to_vector(v, 8, N);  // eight-byte uint64_t for N
-                }
-                // LCOV_EXCL_STOP
-
-                // append each element
-                for (const auto& el : *j.m_value.object)
-                {
-                    to_cbor_internal(el.first, v);
-                    to_cbor_internal(el.second, v);
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-
-            default:
-            {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    /*
-    @brief checks if given lengths do not exceed the size of a given vector
-
-    To secure the access to the byte vector during CBOR/MessagePack
-    deserialization, bytes are copied from the vector into buffers. This
-    function checks if the number of bytes to copy (@a len) does not exceed
-    the size @s size of the vector. Additionally, an @a offset is given from
-    where to start reading the bytes.
-
-    This function checks whether reading the bytes is safe; that is, offset is
-    a valid index in the vector, offset+len
-
-    @param[in] size    size of the byte vector
-    @param[in] len     number of bytes to read
-    @param[in] offset  offset where to start reading
-
-    vec:  x x x x x X X X X X
-          ^         ^         ^
-          0         offset    len
-
-    @throws out_of_range if `len > v.size()`
-    */
-    static void check_length(const size_t size, const size_t len, const size_t offset)
-    {
-        // simple case: requested length is greater than the vector's length
-        if (len > size or offset > size)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("len out of range"));
-        }
-
-        // second case: adding offset would result in overflow
-        if ((size > (std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max() - offset)))
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("len+offset out of range"));
-        }
-
-        // last case: reading past the end of the vector
-        if (len + offset > size)
-        {
-            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("len+offset out of range"));
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a JSON value from a given MessagePack vector
-
-    @param[in] v  MessagePack serialization
-    @param[in] idx  byte index to start reading from @a v
-
-    @return deserialized JSON value
-
-    @throw std::invalid_argument if unsupported features from MessagePack were
-    used in the given vector @a v or if the input is not valid MessagePack
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the given vector ends prematurely
-
-    @sa https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack/blob/master/spec.md
-    */
-    static basic_json from_msgpack_internal(const std::vector<uint8_t>& v, size_t& idx)
-    {
-        // make sure reading 1 byte is safe
-        check_length(v.size(), 1, idx);
-
-        // store and increment index
-        const size_t current_idx = idx++;
-
-        if (v[current_idx] <= 0xbf)
-        {
-            if (v[current_idx] <= 0x7f) // positive fixint
-            {
-                return v[current_idx];
-            }
-            if (v[current_idx] <= 0x8f) // fixmap
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const size_t len = v[current_idx] & 0x0f;
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-            else if (v[current_idx] <= 0x9f) // fixarray
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const size_t len = v[current_idx] & 0x0f;
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_msgpack_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-            else // fixstr
-            {
-                const size_t len = v[current_idx] & 0x1f;
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 1;
-                idx += len; // skip content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-        }
-        else if (v[current_idx] >= 0xe0) // negative fixint
-        {
-            return static_cast<int8_t>(v[current_idx]);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            switch (v[current_idx])
-            {
-                case 0xc0: // nil
-                {
-                    return value_t::null;
-                }
-
-                case 0xc2: // false
-                {
-                    return false;
-                }
-
-                case 0xc3: // true
-                {
-                    return true;
-                }
-
-                case 0xca: // float 32
-                {
-                    // copy bytes in reverse order into the double variable
-                    float res;
-                    for (size_t byte = 0; byte < sizeof(float); ++byte)
-                    {
-                        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&res)[sizeof(float) - byte - 1] = v.at(current_idx + 1 + byte);
-                    }
-                    idx += sizeof(float); // skip content bytes
-                    return res;
-                }
-
-                case 0xcb: // float 64
-                {
-                    // copy bytes in reverse order into the double variable
-                    double res;
-                    for (size_t byte = 0; byte < sizeof(double); ++byte)
-                    {
-                        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&res)[sizeof(double) - byte - 1] = v.at(current_idx + 1 + byte);
-                    }
-                    idx += sizeof(double); // skip content bytes
-                    return res;
-                }
-
-                case 0xcc: // uint 8
-                {
-                    idx += 1; // skip content byte
-                    return get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xcd: // uint 16
-                {
-                    idx += 2; // skip 2 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xce: // uint 32
-                {
-                    idx += 4; // skip 4 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xcf: // uint 64
-                {
-                    idx += 8; // skip 8 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xd0: // int 8
-                {
-                    idx += 1; // skip content byte
-                    return get_from_vector<int8_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xd1: // int 16
-                {
-                    idx += 2; // skip 2 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<int16_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xd2: // int 32
-                {
-                    idx += 4; // skip 4 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<int32_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xd3: // int 64
-                {
-                    idx += 8; // skip 8 content bytes
-                    return get_from_vector<int64_t>(v, current_idx);
-                }
-
-                case 0xd9: // str 8
-                {
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    const size_t offset = current_idx + 2;
-                    idx += len + 1; // skip size byte + content bytes
-                    check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                    return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-                }
-
-                case 0xda: // str 16
-                {
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    const size_t offset = current_idx + 3;
-                    idx += len + 2; // skip 2 size bytes + content bytes
-                    check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                    return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-                }
-
-                case 0xdb: // str 32
-                {
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    const size_t offset = current_idx + 5;
-                    idx += len + 4; // skip 4 size bytes + content bytes
-                    check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                    return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-                }
-
-                case 0xdc: // array 16
-                {
-                    basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    idx += 2; // skip 2 size bytes
-                    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                    {
-                        result.push_back(from_msgpack_internal(v, idx));
-                    }
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                case 0xdd: // array 32
-                {
-                    basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    idx += 4; // skip 4 size bytes
-                    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                    {
-                        result.push_back(from_msgpack_internal(v, idx));
-                    }
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                case 0xde: // map 16
-                {
-                    basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    idx += 2; // skip 2 size bytes
-                    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                    {
-                        std::string key = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                        result[key] = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                    }
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                case 0xdf: // map 32
-                {
-                    basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                    const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                    idx += 4; // skip 4 size bytes
-                    for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                    {
-                        std::string key = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                        result[key] = from_msgpack_internal(v, idx);
-                    }
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("error parsing a msgpack @ " + std::to_string(current_idx) + ": " + std::to_string(static_cast<int>(v[current_idx]))));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a JSON value from a given CBOR vector
-
-    @param[in] v  CBOR serialization
-    @param[in] idx  byte index to start reading from @a v
-
-    @return deserialized JSON value
-
-    @throw std::invalid_argument if unsupported features from CBOR were used in
-    the given vector @a v or if the input is not valid CBOR
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the given vector ends prematurely
-
-    @sa https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049
-    */
-    static basic_json from_cbor_internal(const std::vector<uint8_t>& v, size_t& idx)
-    {
-        // store and increment index
-        const size_t current_idx = idx++;
-
-        switch (v.at(current_idx))
-        {
-            // Integer 0x00..0x17 (0..23)
-            case 0x00:
-            case 0x01:
-            case 0x02:
-            case 0x03:
-            case 0x04:
-            case 0x05:
-            case 0x06:
-            case 0x07:
-            case 0x08:
-            case 0x09:
-            case 0x0a:
-            case 0x0b:
-            case 0x0c:
-            case 0x0d:
-            case 0x0e:
-            case 0x0f:
-            case 0x10:
-            case 0x11:
-            case 0x12:
-            case 0x13:
-            case 0x14:
-            case 0x15:
-            case 0x16:
-            case 0x17:
-            {
-                return v[current_idx];
-            }
-
-            case 0x18: // Unsigned integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 1; // skip content byte
-                return get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x19: // Unsigned integer (two-byte uint16_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 2; // skip 2 content bytes
-                return get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x1a: // Unsigned integer (four-byte uint32_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 4; // skip 4 content bytes
-                return get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x1b: // Unsigned integer (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 8; // skip 8 content bytes
-                return get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            // Negative integer -1-0x00..-1-0x17 (-1..-24)
-            case 0x20:
-            case 0x21:
-            case 0x22:
-            case 0x23:
-            case 0x24:
-            case 0x25:
-            case 0x26:
-            case 0x27:
-            case 0x28:
-            case 0x29:
-            case 0x2a:
-            case 0x2b:
-            case 0x2c:
-            case 0x2d:
-            case 0x2e:
-            case 0x2f:
-            case 0x30:
-            case 0x31:
-            case 0x32:
-            case 0x33:
-            case 0x34:
-            case 0x35:
-            case 0x36:
-            case 0x37:
-            {
-                return static_cast<int8_t>(0x20 - 1 - v[current_idx]);
-            }
-
-            case 0x38: // Negative integer (one-byte uint8_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 1; // skip content byte
-                // must be uint8_t !
-                return static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x39: // Negative integer -1-n (two-byte uint16_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 2; // skip 2 content bytes
-                return static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x3a: // Negative integer -1-n (four-byte uint32_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 4; // skip 4 content bytes
-                return static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx);
-            }
-
-            case 0x3b: // Negative integer -1-n (eight-byte uint64_t follows)
-            {
-                idx += 8; // skip 8 content bytes
-                return static_cast<number_integer_t>(-1) - static_cast<number_integer_t>(get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx));
-            }
-
-            // UTF-8 string (0x00..0x17 bytes follow)
-            case 0x60:
-            case 0x61:
-            case 0x62:
-            case 0x63:
-            case 0x64:
-            case 0x65:
-            case 0x66:
-            case 0x67:
-            case 0x68:
-            case 0x69:
-            case 0x6a:
-            case 0x6b:
-            case 0x6c:
-            case 0x6d:
-            case 0x6e:
-            case 0x6f:
-            case 0x70:
-            case 0x71:
-            case 0x72:
-            case 0x73:
-            case 0x74:
-            case 0x75:
-            case 0x76:
-            case 0x77:
-            {
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(v[current_idx] - 0x60);
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 1;
-                idx += len; // skip content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-
-            case 0x78: // UTF-8 string (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx));
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 2;
-                idx += len + 1; // skip size byte + content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-
-            case 0x79: // UTF-8 string (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 3;
-                idx += len + 2; // skip 2 size bytes + content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-
-            case 0x7a: // UTF-8 string (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 5;
-                idx += len + 4; // skip 4 size bytes + content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-
-            case 0x7b: // UTF-8 string (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx));
-                const size_t offset = current_idx + 9;
-                idx += len + 8; // skip 8 size bytes + content bytes
-                check_length(v.size(), len, offset);
-                return std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(v.data()) + offset, len);
-            }
-
-            case 0x7f: // UTF-8 string (indefinite length)
-            {
-                std::string result;
-                while (v.at(idx) != 0xff)
-                {
-                    string_t s = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result += s;
-                }
-                // skip break byte (0xFF)
-                idx += 1;
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            // array (0x00..0x17 data items follow)
-            case 0x80:
-            case 0x81:
-            case 0x82:
-            case 0x83:
-            case 0x84:
-            case 0x85:
-            case 0x86:
-            case 0x87:
-            case 0x88:
-            case 0x89:
-            case 0x8a:
-            case 0x8b:
-            case 0x8c:
-            case 0x8d:
-            case 0x8e:
-            case 0x8f:
-            case 0x90:
-            case 0x91:
-            case 0x92:
-            case 0x93:
-            case 0x94:
-            case 0x95:
-            case 0x96:
-            case 0x97:
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(v[current_idx] - 0x80);
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0x98: // array (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 1; // skip 1 size byte
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0x99: // array (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 2; // skip 4 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0x9a: // array (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 4; // skip 4 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0x9b: // array (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 8; // skip 8 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0x9f: // array (indefinite length)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::array;
-                while (v.at(idx) != 0xff)
-                {
-                    result.push_back(from_cbor_internal(v, idx));
-                }
-                // skip break byte (0xFF)
-                idx += 1;
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            // map (0x00..0x17 pairs of data items follow)
-            case 0xa0:
-            case 0xa1:
-            case 0xa2:
-            case 0xa3:
-            case 0xa4:
-            case 0xa5:
-            case 0xa6:
-            case 0xa7:
-            case 0xa8:
-            case 0xa9:
-            case 0xaa:
-            case 0xab:
-            case 0xac:
-            case 0xad:
-            case 0xae:
-            case 0xaf:
-            case 0xb0:
-            case 0xb1:
-            case 0xb2:
-            case 0xb3:
-            case 0xb4:
-            case 0xb5:
-            case 0xb6:
-            case 0xb7:
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(v[current_idx] - 0xa0);
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xb8: // map (one-byte uint8_t for n follows)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint8_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 1; // skip 1 size byte
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xb9: // map (two-byte uint16_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint16_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 2; // skip 2 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xba: // map (four-byte uint32_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint32_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 4; // skip 4 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xbb: // map (eight-byte uint64_t for n follow)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                const auto len = static_cast<size_t>(get_from_vector<uint64_t>(v, current_idx));
-                idx += 8; // skip 8 size bytes
-                for (size_t i = 0; i < len; ++i)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xbf: // map (indefinite length)
-            {
-                basic_json result = value_t::object;
-                while (v.at(idx) != 0xff)
-                {
-                    std::string key = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                    result[key] = from_cbor_internal(v, idx);
-                }
-                // skip break byte (0xFF)
-                idx += 1;
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            case 0xf4: // false
-            {
-                return false;
-            }
-
-            case 0xf5: // true
-            {
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            case 0xf6: // null
-            {
-                return value_t::null;
-            }
-
-            case 0xf9: // Half-Precision Float (two-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                idx += 2; // skip two content bytes
-
-                // code from RFC 7049, Appendix D, Figure 3:
-                // As half-precision floating-point numbers were only added to
-                // IEEE 754 in 2008, today's programming platforms often still
-                // only have limited support for them. It is very easy to
-                // include at least decoding support for them even without such
-                // support. An example of a small decoder for half-precision
-                // floating-point numbers in the C language is shown in Fig. 3.
-                const int half = (v.at(current_idx + 1) << 8) + v.at(current_idx + 2);
-                const int exp = (half >> 10) & 0x1f;
-                const int mant = half & 0x3ff;
-                double val;
-                if (exp == 0)
-                {
-                    val = std::ldexp(mant, -24);
-                }
-                else if (exp != 31)
-                {
-                    val = std::ldexp(mant + 1024, exp - 25);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    val = mant == 0
-                          ? std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
-                          : std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN();
-                }
-                return (half & 0x8000) != 0 ? -val : val;
-            }
-
-            case 0xfa: // Single-Precision Float (four-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                // copy bytes in reverse order into the float variable
-                float res;
-                for (size_t byte = 0; byte < sizeof(float); ++byte)
-                {
-                    reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&res)[sizeof(float) - byte - 1] = v.at(current_idx + 1 + byte);
-                }
-                idx += sizeof(float); // skip content bytes
-                return res;
-            }
-
-            case 0xfb: // Double-Precision Float (eight-byte IEEE 754)
-            {
-                // copy bytes in reverse order into the double variable
-                double res;
-                for (size_t byte = 0; byte < sizeof(double); ++byte)
-                {
-                    reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(&res)[sizeof(double) - byte - 1] = v.at(current_idx + 1 + byte);
-                }
-                idx += sizeof(double); // skip content bytes
-                return res;
-            }
-
-            default: // anything else (0xFF is handled inside the other types)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("error parsing a CBOR @ " + std::to_string(current_idx) + ": " + std::to_string(static_cast<int>(v[current_idx]))));
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  public:
-    /*!
-    @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
-
-    Serializes a given JSON value @a j to a byte vector using the MessagePack
-    serialization format. MessagePack is a binary serialization format which
-    aims to be more compact than JSON itself, yet more efficient to parse.
-
-    @param[in] j  JSON value to serialize
-    @return MessagePack serialization as byte vector
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value @a j.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte
-    vector in MessagePack format.,to_msgpack}
-
-    @sa http://msgpack.org
-    @sa @ref from_msgpack(const std::vector<uint8_t>&, const size_t) for the
-        analogous deserialization
-    @sa @ref to_cbor(const basic_json& for the related CBOR format
-
-    @since version 2.0.9
-    */
-    static std::vector<uint8_t> to_msgpack(const basic_json& j)
-    {
-        std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-        to_msgpack_internal(j, result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a JSON value from a byte vector in MessagePack format
-
-    Deserializes a given byte vector @a v to a JSON value using the MessagePack
-    serialization format.
-
-    @param[in] v  a byte vector in MessagePack format
-    @param[in] start_index the index to start reading from @a v (0 by default)
-    @return deserialized JSON value
-
-    @throw std::invalid_argument if unsupported features from MessagePack were
-    used in the given vector @a v or if the input is not valid MessagePack
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the given vector ends prematurely
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the byte vector @a v.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the deserialization of a byte vector in
-    MessagePack format to a JSON value.,from_msgpack}
-
-    @sa http://msgpack.org
-    @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(const std::vector<uint8_t>&, const size_t) for the
-        related CBOR format
-
-    @since version 2.0.9, parameter @a start_index since 2.1.1
-    */
-    static basic_json from_msgpack(const std::vector<uint8_t>& v,
-                                   const size_t start_index = 0)
-    {
-        size_t i = start_index;
-        return from_msgpack_internal(v, i);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a MessagePack serialization of a given JSON value
-
-    Serializes a given JSON value @a j to a byte vector using the CBOR (Concise
-    Binary Object Representation) serialization format. CBOR is a binary
-    serialization format which aims to be more compact than JSON itself, yet
-    more efficient to parse.
-
-    @param[in] j  JSON value to serialize
-    @return MessagePack serialization as byte vector
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value @a j.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the serialization of a JSON value to a byte
-    vector in CBOR format.,to_cbor}
-
-    @sa http://cbor.io
-    @sa @ref from_cbor(const std::vector<uint8_t>&, const size_t) for the
-        analogous deserialization
-    @sa @ref to_msgpack(const basic_json& for the related MessagePack format
-
-    @since version 2.0.9
-    */
-    static std::vector<uint8_t> to_cbor(const basic_json& j)
-    {
-        std::vector<uint8_t> result;
-        to_cbor_internal(j, result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief create a JSON value from a byte vector in CBOR format
-
-    Deserializes a given byte vector @a v to a JSON value using the CBOR
-    (Concise Binary Object Representation) serialization format.
-
-    @param[in] v  a byte vector in CBOR format
-    @param[in] start_index the index to start reading from @a v (0 by default)
-    @return deserialized JSON value
-
-    @throw std::invalid_argument if unsupported features from CBOR were used in
-    the given vector @a v or if the input is not valid MessagePack
-    @throw std::out_of_range if the given vector ends prematurely
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the byte vector @a v.
-
-    @liveexample{The example shows the deserialization of a byte vector in CBOR
-    format to a JSON value.,from_cbor}
-
-    @sa http://cbor.io
-    @sa @ref to_cbor(const basic_json&) for the analogous serialization
-    @sa @ref from_msgpack(const std::vector<uint8_t>&, const size_t) for the
-        related MessagePack format
-
-    @since version 2.0.9, parameter @a start_index since 2.1.1
-    */
-    static basic_json from_cbor(const std::vector<uint8_t>& v,
-                                const size_t start_index = 0)
-    {
-        size_t i = start_index;
-        return from_cbor_internal(v, i);
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-    ///////////////////////////
-    // convenience functions //
-    ///////////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return the type as string
-
-    Returns the type name as string to be used in error messages - usually to
-    indicate that a function was called on a wrong JSON type.
-
-    @return basically a string representation of a the @a m_type member
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code exemplifies `type_name()` for all JSON
-    types.,type_name}
-
-    @since version 1.0.0, public since 2.1.0
-    */
-    std::string type_name() const
-    {
-        {
-            switch (m_type)
-            {
-                case value_t::null:
-                    return "null";
-                case value_t::object:
-                    return "object";
-                case value_t::array:
-                    return "array";
-                case value_t::string:
-                    return "string";
-                case value_t::boolean:
-                    return "boolean";
-                case value_t::discarded:
-                    return "discarded";
-                default:
-                    return "number";
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    /*!
-    @brief calculates the extra space to escape a JSON string
-
-    @param[in] s  the string to escape
-    @return the number of characters required to escape string @a s
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of string @a s.
-    */
-    static std::size_t extra_space(const string_t& s) noexcept
-    {
-        return std::accumulate(s.begin(), s.end(), size_t{},
-                               [](size_t res, typename string_t::value_type c)
-        {
-            switch (c)
-            {
-                case '"':
-                case '\\':
-                case '\b':
-                case '\f':
-                case '\n':
-                case '\r':
-                case '\t':
-                {
-                    // from c (1 byte) to \x (2 bytes)
-                    return res + 1;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (c >= 0x00 and c <= 0x1f)
-                    {
-                        // from c (1 byte) to \uxxxx (6 bytes)
-                        return res + 5;
-                    }
-
-                    return res;
-                }
-            }
-        });
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief escape a string
-
-    Escape a string by replacing certain special characters by a sequence of
-    an escape character (backslash) and another character and other control
-    characters by a sequence of "\u" followed by a four-digit hex
-    representation.
-
-    @param[in] s  the string to escape
-    @return  the escaped string
-
-    @complexity Linear in the length of string @a s.
-    */
-    static string_t escape_string(const string_t& s)
-    {
-        const auto space = extra_space(s);
-        if (space == 0)
-        {
-            return s;
-        }
-
-        // create a result string of necessary size
-        string_t result(s.size() + space, '\\');
-        std::size_t pos = 0;
-
-        for (const auto& c : s)
-        {
-            switch (c)
-            {
-                // quotation mark (0x22)
-                case '"':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = '"';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // reverse solidus (0x5c)
-                case '\\':
-                {
-                    // nothing to change
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // backspace (0x08)
-                case '\b':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = 'b';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // formfeed (0x0c)
-                case '\f':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = 'f';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // newline (0x0a)
-                case '\n':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = 'n';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // carriage return (0x0d)
-                case '\r':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = 'r';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // horizontal tab (0x09)
-                case '\t':
-                {
-                    result[pos + 1] = 't';
-                    pos += 2;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (c >= 0x00 and c <= 0x1f)
-                    {
-                        // convert a number 0..15 to its hex representation
-                        // (0..f)
-                        static const char hexify[16] =
-                        {
-                            '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
-                            '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
-                        };
-
-                        // print character c as \uxxxx
-                        for (const char m :
-                    { 'u', '0', '0', hexify[c >> 4], hexify[c & 0x0f]
-                        })
-                        {
-                            result[++pos] = m;
-                        }
-
-                        ++pos;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        // all other characters are added as-is
-                        result[pos++] = c;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-
-    /*!
-    @brief locale-independent serialization for built-in arithmetic types
-    */
-    struct numtostr
-    {
-      public:
-        template<typename NumberType>
-        numtostr(NumberType value)
-        {
-            x_write(value, std::is_integral<NumberType>());
-        }
-
-        const char* c_str() const
-        {
-            return m_buf.data();
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// a (hopefully) large enough character buffer
-        std::array < char, 64 > m_buf{{}};
-
-        template<typename NumberType>
-        void x_write(NumberType x, /*is_integral=*/std::true_type)
-        {
-            // special case for "0"
-            if (x == 0)
-            {
-                m_buf[0] = '0';
-                return;
-            }
-
-            const bool is_negative = x < 0;
-            size_t i = 0;
-
-            // spare 1 byte for '\0'
-            while (x != 0 and i < m_buf.size() - 1)
-            {
-                const auto digit = std::labs(static_cast<long>(x % 10));
-                m_buf[i++] = static_cast<char>('0' + digit);
-                x /= 10;
-            }
-
-            // make sure the number has been processed completely
-            assert(x == 0);
-
-            if (is_negative)
-            {
-                // make sure there is capacity for the '-'
-                assert(i < m_buf.size() - 2);
-                m_buf[i++] = '-';
-            }
-
-            std::reverse(m_buf.begin(), m_buf.begin() + i);
-        }
-
-        template<typename NumberType>
-        void x_write(NumberType x, /*is_integral=*/std::false_type)
-        {
-            // special case for 0.0 and -0.0
-            if (x == 0)
-            {
-                size_t i = 0;
-                if (std::signbit(x))
-                {
-                    m_buf[i++] = '-';
-                }
-                m_buf[i++] = '0';
-                m_buf[i++] = '.';
-                m_buf[i] = '0';
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // get number of digits for a text -> float -> text round-trip
-            static constexpr auto d = std::numeric_limits<NumberType>::digits10;
-
-            // the actual conversion
-            const auto written_bytes = snprintf(m_buf.data(), m_buf.size(), "%.*g", d, x);
-
-            // negative value indicates an error
-            assert(written_bytes > 0);
-            // check if buffer was large enough
-            assert(static_cast<size_t>(written_bytes) < m_buf.size());
-
-            // read information from locale
-            const auto loc = localeconv();
-            assert(loc != nullptr);
-            const char thousands_sep = !loc->thousands_sep ? '\0'
-                                       : loc->thousands_sep[0];
-
-            const char decimal_point = !loc->decimal_point ? '\0'
-                                       : loc->decimal_point[0];
-
-            // erase thousands separator
-            if (thousands_sep != '\0')
-            {
-                const auto end = std::remove(m_buf.begin(), m_buf.begin() + written_bytes, thousands_sep);
-                std::fill(end, m_buf.end(), '\0');
-            }
-
-            // convert decimal point to '.'
-            if (decimal_point != '\0' and decimal_point != '.')
-            {
-                for (auto& c : m_buf)
-                {
-                    if (c == decimal_point)
-                    {
-                        c = '.';
-                        break;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            // determine if need to append ".0"
-            size_t i = 0;
-            bool value_is_int_like = true;
-            for (i = 0; i < m_buf.size(); ++i)
-            {
-                // break when end of number is reached
-                if (m_buf[i] == '\0')
-                {
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                // check if we find non-int character
-                value_is_int_like = value_is_int_like and m_buf[i] != '.' and
-                                    m_buf[i] != 'e' and m_buf[i] != 'E';
-            }
-
-            if (value_is_int_like)
-            {
-                // there must be 2 bytes left for ".0"
-                assert((i + 2) < m_buf.size());
-                // we write to the end of the number
-                assert(m_buf[i] == '\0');
-                assert(m_buf[i - 1] != '\0');
-
-                // add ".0"
-                m_buf[i] = '.';
-                m_buf[i + 1] = '0';
-
-                // the resulting string is properly terminated
-                assert(m_buf[i + 2] == '\0');
-            }
-        }
-    };
-
-
-    /*!
-    @brief internal implementation of the serialization function
-
-    This function is called by the public member function dump and organizes
-    the serialization internally. The indentation level is propagated as
-    additional parameter. In case of arrays and objects, the function is
-    called recursively. Note that
-
-    - strings and object keys are escaped using `escape_string()`
-    - integer numbers are converted implicitly via `operator<<`
-    - floating-point numbers are converted to a string using `"%g"` format
-
-    @param[out] o              stream to write to
-    @param[in] pretty_print    whether the output shall be pretty-printed
-    @param[in] indent_step     the indent level
-    @param[in] current_indent  the current indent level (only used internally)
-    */
-    void dump(std::ostream& o,
-              const bool pretty_print,
-              const unsigned int indent_step,
-              const unsigned int current_indent = 0) const
-    {
-        // variable to hold indentation for recursive calls
-        unsigned int new_indent = current_indent;
-
-        switch (m_type)
-        {
-            case value_t::object:
-            {
-                if (m_value.object->empty())
-                {
-                    o << "{}";
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                o << "{";
-
-                // increase indentation
-                if (pretty_print)
-                {
-                    new_indent += indent_step;
-                    o << "\n";
-                }
-
-                for (auto i = m_value.object->cbegin(); i != m_value.object->cend(); ++i)
-                {
-                    if (i != m_value.object->cbegin())
-                    {
-                        o << (pretty_print ? ",\n" : ",");
-                    }
-                    o << string_t(new_indent, ' ') << "\""
-                      << escape_string(i->first) << "\":"
-                      << (pretty_print ? " " : "");
-                    i->second.dump(o, pretty_print, indent_step, new_indent);
-                }
-
-                // decrease indentation
-                if (pretty_print)
-                {
-                    new_indent -= indent_step;
-                    o << "\n";
-                }
-
-                o << string_t(new_indent, ' ') + "}";
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::array:
-            {
-                if (m_value.array->empty())
-                {
-                    o << "[]";
-                    return;
-                }
-
-                o << "[";
-
-                // increase indentation
-                if (pretty_print)
-                {
-                    new_indent += indent_step;
-                    o << "\n";
-                }
-
-                for (auto i = m_value.array->cbegin(); i != m_value.array->cend(); ++i)
-                {
-                    if (i != m_value.array->cbegin())
-                    {
-                        o << (pretty_print ? ",\n" : ",");
-                    }
-                    o << string_t(new_indent, ' ');
-                    i->dump(o, pretty_print, indent_step, new_indent);
-                }
-
-                // decrease indentation
-                if (pretty_print)
-                {
-                    new_indent -= indent_step;
-                    o << "\n";
-                }
-
-                o << string_t(new_indent, ' ') << "]";
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::string:
-            {
-                o << string_t("\"") << escape_string(*m_value.string) << "\"";
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::boolean:
-            {
-                o << (m_value.boolean ? "true" : "false");
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_integer:
-            {
-                o << numtostr(m_value.number_integer).c_str();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_unsigned:
-            {
-                o << numtostr(m_value.number_unsigned).c_str();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::number_float:
-            {
-                o << numtostr(m_value.number_float).c_str();
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::discarded:
-            {
-                o << "<discarded>";
-                return;
-            }
-
-            case value_t::null:
-            {
-                o << "null";
-                return;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    //////////////////////
-    // member variables //
-    //////////////////////
-
-    /// the type of the current element
-    value_t m_type = value_t::null;
-
-    /// the value of the current element
-    json_value m_value = {};
-
-
-  private:
-    ///////////////
-    // iterators //
-    ///////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief an iterator for primitive JSON types
-
-    This class models an iterator for primitive JSON types (boolean, number,
-    string). It's only purpose is to allow the iterator/const_iterator classes
-    to "iterate" over primitive values. Internally, the iterator is modeled by
-    a `difference_type` variable. Value begin_value (`0`) models the begin,
-    end_value (`1`) models past the end.
-    */
-    class primitive_iterator_t
-    {
-      public:
-
-        difference_type get_value() const noexcept
-        {
-            return m_it;
-        }
-        /// set iterator to a defined beginning
-        void set_begin() noexcept
-        {
-            m_it = begin_value;
-        }
-
-        /// set iterator to a defined past the end
-        void set_end() noexcept
-        {
-            m_it = end_value;
-        }
-
-        /// return whether the iterator can be dereferenced
-        constexpr bool is_begin() const noexcept
-        {
-            return (m_it == begin_value);
-        }
-
-        /// return whether the iterator is at end
-        constexpr bool is_end() const noexcept
-        {
-            return (m_it == end_value);
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator==(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it == rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator!=(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return !(lhs == rhs);
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator<(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it < rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator<=(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it <= rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator>(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it > rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr bool operator>=(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it >= rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t operator+(difference_type i)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            result += i;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        friend constexpr difference_type operator-(primitive_iterator_t lhs, primitive_iterator_t rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.m_it - rhs.m_it;
-        }
-
-        friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, primitive_iterator_t it)
-        {
-            return os << it.m_it;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t& operator++()
-        {
-            ++m_it;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t operator++(int)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            m_it++;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t& operator--()
-        {
-            --m_it;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t operator--(int)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            m_it--;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t& operator+=(difference_type n)
-        {
-            m_it += n;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        primitive_iterator_t& operator-=(difference_type n)
-        {
-            m_it -= n;
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        static constexpr difference_type begin_value = 0;
-        static constexpr difference_type end_value = begin_value + 1;
-
-        /// iterator as signed integer type
-        difference_type m_it = std::numeric_limits<std::ptrdiff_t>::denorm_min();
-    };
-
-    /*!
-    @brief an iterator value
-
-    @note This structure could easily be a union, but MSVC currently does not
-    allow unions members with complex constructors, see
-    https://github.com/nlohmann/json/pull/105.
-    */
-    struct internal_iterator
-    {
-        /// iterator for JSON objects
-        typename object_t::iterator object_iterator;
-        /// iterator for JSON arrays
-        typename array_t::iterator array_iterator;
-        /// generic iterator for all other types
-        primitive_iterator_t primitive_iterator;
-
-        /// create an uninitialized internal_iterator
-        internal_iterator() noexcept
-            : object_iterator(), array_iterator(), primitive_iterator()
-        {}
-    };
-
-    /// proxy class for the iterator_wrapper functions
-    template<typename IteratorType>
-    class iteration_proxy
-    {
-      private:
-        /// helper class for iteration
-        class iteration_proxy_internal
-        {
-          private:
-            /// the iterator
-            IteratorType anchor;
-            /// an index for arrays (used to create key names)
-            size_t array_index = 0;
-
-          public:
-            explicit iteration_proxy_internal(IteratorType it) noexcept
-                : anchor(it)
-            {}
-
-            /// dereference operator (needed for range-based for)
-            iteration_proxy_internal& operator*()
-            {
-                return *this;
-            }
-
-            /// increment operator (needed for range-based for)
-            iteration_proxy_internal& operator++()
-            {
-                ++anchor;
-                ++array_index;
-
-                return *this;
-            }
-
-            /// inequality operator (needed for range-based for)
-            bool operator!= (const iteration_proxy_internal& o) const
-            {
-                return anchor != o.anchor;
-            }
-
-            /// return key of the iterator
-            typename basic_json::string_t key() const
-            {
-                assert(anchor.m_object != nullptr);
-
-                switch (anchor.m_object->type())
-                {
-                    // use integer array index as key
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        return std::to_string(array_index);
-                    }
-
-                    // use key from the object
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        return anchor.key();
-                    }
-
-                    // use an empty key for all primitive types
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        return "";
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            /// return value of the iterator
-            typename IteratorType::reference value() const
-            {
-                return anchor.value();
-            }
-        };
-
-        /// the container to iterate
-        typename IteratorType::reference container;
-
-      public:
-        /// construct iteration proxy from a container
-        explicit iteration_proxy(typename IteratorType::reference cont)
-            : container(cont)
-        {}
-
-        /// return iterator begin (needed for range-based for)
-        iteration_proxy_internal begin() noexcept
-        {
-            return iteration_proxy_internal(container.begin());
-        }
-
-        /// return iterator end (needed for range-based for)
-        iteration_proxy_internal end() noexcept
-        {
-            return iteration_proxy_internal(container.end());
-        }
-    };
-
-  public:
-    /*!
-    @brief a template for a random access iterator for the @ref basic_json class
-
-    This class implements a both iterators (iterator and const_iterator) for the
-    @ref basic_json class.
-
-    @note An iterator is called *initialized* when a pointer to a JSON value
-          has been set (e.g., by a constructor or a copy assignment). If the
-          iterator is default-constructed, it is *uninitialized* and most
-          methods are undefined. **The library uses assertions to detect calls
-          on uninitialized iterators.**
-
-    @requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
-    - [RandomAccessIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/RandomAccessIterator):
-      The iterator that can be moved to point (forward and backward) to any
-      element in constant time.
-
-    @since version 1.0.0, simplified in version 2.0.9
-    */
-    template<typename U>
-    class iter_impl : public std::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag, U>
-    {
-        /// allow basic_json to access private members
-        friend class basic_json;
-
-        // make sure U is basic_json or const basic_json
-        static_assert(std::is_same<U, basic_json>::value
-                      or std::is_same<U, const basic_json>::value,
-                      "iter_impl only accepts (const) basic_json");
-
-      public:
-        /// the type of the values when the iterator is dereferenced
-        using value_type = typename basic_json::value_type;
-        /// a type to represent differences between iterators
-        using difference_type = typename basic_json::difference_type;
-        /// defines a pointer to the type iterated over (value_type)
-        using pointer = typename std::conditional<std::is_const<U>::value,
-              typename basic_json::const_pointer,
-              typename basic_json::pointer>::type;
-        /// defines a reference to the type iterated over (value_type)
-        using reference = typename std::conditional<std::is_const<U>::value,
-              typename basic_json::const_reference,
-              typename basic_json::reference>::type;
-        /// the category of the iterator
-        using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
-
-        /// default constructor
-        iter_impl() = default;
-
-        /*!
-        @brief constructor for a given JSON instance
-        @param[in] object  pointer to a JSON object for this iterator
-        @pre object != nullptr
-        @post The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        explicit iter_impl(pointer object) noexcept
-            : m_object(object)
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    m_it.object_iterator = typename object_t::iterator();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    m_it.array_iterator = typename array_t::iterator();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    m_it.primitive_iterator = primitive_iterator_t();
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*
-        Use operator `const_iterator` instead of `const_iterator(const iterator&
-        other) noexcept` to avoid two class definitions for @ref iterator and
-        @ref const_iterator.
-
-        This function is only called if this class is an @ref iterator. If this
-        class is a @ref const_iterator this function is not called.
-        */
-        operator const_iterator() const
-        {
-            const_iterator ret;
-
-            if (m_object)
-            {
-                ret.m_object = m_object;
-                ret.m_it = m_it;
-            }
-
-            return ret;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief copy constructor
-        @param[in] other  iterator to copy from
-        @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
-        */
-        iter_impl(const iter_impl& other) noexcept
-            : m_object(other.m_object), m_it(other.m_it)
-        {}
-
-        /*!
-        @brief copy assignment
-        @param[in,out] other  iterator to copy from
-        @note It is not checked whether @a other is initialized.
-        */
-        iter_impl& operator=(iter_impl other) noexcept(
-            std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<pointer>::value and
-            std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<pointer>::value and
-            std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<internal_iterator>::value and
-            std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<internal_iterator>::value
-        )
-        {
-            std::swap(m_object, other.m_object);
-            std::swap(m_it, other.m_it);
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /*!
-        @brief set the iterator to the first value
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        void set_begin() noexcept
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_value.object->begin();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_value.array->begin();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::null:
-                {
-                    // set to end so begin()==end() is true: null is empty
-                    m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    m_it.primitive_iterator.set_begin();
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief set the iterator past the last value
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        void set_end() noexcept
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    m_it.object_iterator = m_object->m_value.object->end();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    m_it.array_iterator = m_object->m_value.array->end();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    m_it.primitive_iterator.set_end();
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-      public:
-        /*!
-        @brief return a reference to the value pointed to by the iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        reference operator*() const
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
-                    return m_it.object_iterator->second;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
-                    return *m_it.array_iterator;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::null:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot get value"));
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())
-                    {
-                        return *m_object;
-                    }
-
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot get value"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief dereference the iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        pointer operator->() const
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    assert(m_it.object_iterator != m_object->m_value.object->end());
-                    return &(m_it.object_iterator->second);
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    assert(m_it.array_iterator != m_object->m_value.array->end());
-                    return &*m_it.array_iterator;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (m_it.primitive_iterator.is_begin())
-                    {
-                        return m_object;
-                    }
-
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot get value"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief post-increment (it++)
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl operator++(int)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            ++(*this);
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief pre-increment (++it)
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl& operator++()
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, 1);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, 1);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    ++m_it.primitive_iterator;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief post-decrement (it--)
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl operator--(int)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            --(*this);
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief pre-decrement (--it)
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl& operator--()
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    std::advance(m_it.object_iterator, -1);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, -1);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    --m_it.primitive_iterator;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: equal
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator==(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
-            if (m_object != other.m_object)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot compare iterators of different containers"));
-            }
-
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    return (m_it.object_iterator == other.m_it.object_iterator);
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return (m_it.array_iterator == other.m_it.array_iterator);
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    return (m_it.primitive_iterator == other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: not equal
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator!=(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            return not operator==(other);
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: smaller
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator<(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            // if objects are not the same, the comparison is undefined
-            if (m_object != other.m_object)
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot compare iterators of different containers"));
-            }
-
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot compare order of object iterators"));
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return (m_it.array_iterator < other.m_it.array_iterator);
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    return (m_it.primitive_iterator < other.m_it.primitive_iterator);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: less than or equal
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator<=(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            return not other.operator < (*this);
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: greater than
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator>(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            return not operator<=(other);
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  comparison: greater than or equal
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        bool operator>=(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            return not operator<(other);
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  add to iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl& operator+=(difference_type i)
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use offsets with object iterators"));
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    std::advance(m_it.array_iterator, i);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    m_it.primitive_iterator += i;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  subtract from iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl& operator-=(difference_type i)
-        {
-            return operator+=(-i);
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  add to iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl operator+(difference_type i)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            result += i;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  subtract from iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        iter_impl operator-(difference_type i)
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            result -= i;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  return difference
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        difference_type operator-(const iter_impl& other) const
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use offsets with object iterators"));
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return m_it.array_iterator - other.m_it.array_iterator;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    return m_it.primitive_iterator - other.m_it.primitive_iterator;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  access to successor
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        reference operator[](difference_type n) const
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            switch (m_object->m_type)
-            {
-                case basic_json::value_t::object:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use operator[] for object iterators"));
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::array:
-                {
-                    return *std::next(m_it.array_iterator, n);
-                }
-
-                case basic_json::value_t::null:
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot get value"));
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    if (m_it.primitive_iterator.get_value() == -n)
-                    {
-                        return *m_object;
-                    }
-
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("cannot get value"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  return the key of an object iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        typename object_t::key_type key() const
-        {
-            assert(m_object != nullptr);
-
-            if (m_object->is_object())
-            {
-                return m_it.object_iterator->first;
-            }
-
-            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("cannot use key() for non-object iterators"));
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief  return the value of an iterator
-        @pre The iterator is initialized; i.e. `m_object != nullptr`.
-        */
-        reference value() const
-        {
-            return operator*();
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// associated JSON instance
-        pointer m_object = nullptr;
-        /// the actual iterator of the associated instance
-        internal_iterator m_it = internal_iterator();
-    };
-
-    /*!
-    @brief a template for a reverse iterator class
-
-    @tparam Base the base iterator type to reverse. Valid types are @ref
-    iterator (to create @ref reverse_iterator) and @ref const_iterator (to
-    create @ref const_reverse_iterator).
-
-    @requirement The class satisfies the following concept requirements:
-    - [RandomAccessIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/RandomAccessIterator):
-      The iterator that can be moved to point (forward and backward) to any
-      element in constant time.
-    - [OutputIterator](http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/OutputIterator):
-      It is possible to write to the pointed-to element (only if @a Base is
-      @ref iterator).
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    template<typename Base>
-    class json_reverse_iterator : public std::reverse_iterator<Base>
-    {
-      public:
-        /// shortcut to the reverse iterator adaptor
-        using base_iterator = std::reverse_iterator<Base>;
-        /// the reference type for the pointed-to element
-        using reference = typename Base::reference;
-
-        /// create reverse iterator from iterator
-        json_reverse_iterator(const typename base_iterator::iterator_type& it) noexcept
-            : base_iterator(it)
-        {}
-
-        /// create reverse iterator from base class
-        json_reverse_iterator(const base_iterator& it) noexcept
-            : base_iterator(it)
-        {}
-
-        /// post-increment (it++)
-        json_reverse_iterator operator++(int)
-        {
-            return base_iterator::operator++(1);
-        }
-
-        /// pre-increment (++it)
-        json_reverse_iterator& operator++()
-        {
-            base_iterator::operator++();
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /// post-decrement (it--)
-        json_reverse_iterator operator--(int)
-        {
-            return base_iterator::operator--(1);
-        }
-
-        /// pre-decrement (--it)
-        json_reverse_iterator& operator--()
-        {
-            base_iterator::operator--();
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /// add to iterator
-        json_reverse_iterator& operator+=(difference_type i)
-        {
-            base_iterator::operator+=(i);
-            return *this;
-        }
-
-        /// add to iterator
-        json_reverse_iterator operator+(difference_type i) const
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            result += i;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /// subtract from iterator
-        json_reverse_iterator operator-(difference_type i) const
-        {
-            auto result = *this;
-            result -= i;
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /// return difference
-        difference_type operator-(const json_reverse_iterator& other) const
-        {
-            return this->base() - other.base();
-        }
-
-        /// access to successor
-        reference operator[](difference_type n) const
-        {
-            return *(this->operator+(n));
-        }
-
-        /// return the key of an object iterator
-        typename object_t::key_type key() const
-        {
-            auto it = --this->base();
-            return it.key();
-        }
-
-        /// return the value of an iterator
-        reference value() const
-        {
-            auto it = --this->base();
-            return it.operator * ();
-        }
-    };
-
-
-  private:
-    //////////////////////
-    // lexer and parser //
-    //////////////////////
-
-    /*!
-    @brief lexical analysis
-
-    This class organizes the lexical analysis during JSON deserialization. The
-    core of it is a scanner generated by [re2c](http://re2c.org) that
-    processes a buffer and recognizes tokens according to RFC 7159.
-    */
-    class lexer
-    {
-      public:
-        /// token types for the parser
-        enum class token_type
-        {
-            uninitialized,   ///< indicating the scanner is uninitialized
-            literal_true,    ///< the `true` literal
-            literal_false,   ///< the `false` literal
-            literal_null,    ///< the `null` literal
-            value_string,    ///< a string -- use get_string() for actual value
-            value_unsigned,  ///< an unsigned integer -- use get_number() for actual value
-            value_integer,   ///< a signed integer -- use get_number() for actual value
-            value_float,     ///< an floating point number -- use get_number() for actual value
-            begin_array,     ///< the character for array begin `[`
-            begin_object,    ///< the character for object begin `{`
-            end_array,       ///< the character for array end `]`
-            end_object,      ///< the character for object end `}`
-            name_separator,  ///< the name separator `:`
-            value_separator, ///< the value separator `,`
-            parse_error,     ///< indicating a parse error
-            end_of_input     ///< indicating the end of the input buffer
-        };
-
-        /// the char type to use in the lexer
-        using lexer_char_t = unsigned char;
-
-        /// a lexer from a buffer with given length
-        lexer(const lexer_char_t* buff, const size_t len) noexcept
-            : m_content(buff)
-        {
-            assert(m_content != nullptr);
-            m_start = m_cursor = m_content;
-            m_limit = m_content + len;
-        }
-
-        /// a lexer from an input stream
-        explicit lexer(std::istream& s)
-            : m_stream(&s), m_line_buffer()
-        {
-            // immediately abort if stream is erroneous
-            if (s.fail())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("stream error"));
-            }
-
-            // fill buffer
-            fill_line_buffer();
-
-            // skip UTF-8 byte-order mark
-            if (m_line_buffer.size() >= 3 and m_line_buffer.substr(0, 3) == "\xEF\xBB\xBF")
-            {
-                m_line_buffer[0] = ' ';
-                m_line_buffer[1] = ' ';
-                m_line_buffer[2] = ' ';
-            }
-        }
-
-        // switch off unwanted functions (due to pointer members)
-        lexer() = delete;
-        lexer(const lexer&) = delete;
-        lexer operator=(const lexer&) = delete;
-
-        /*!
-        @brief create a string from one or two Unicode code points
-
-        There are two cases: (1) @a codepoint1 is in the Basic Multilingual
-        Plane (U+0000 through U+FFFF) and @a codepoint2 is 0, or (2)
-        @a codepoint1 and @a codepoint2 are a UTF-16 surrogate pair to
-        represent a code point above U+FFFF.
-
-        @param[in] codepoint1  the code point (can be high surrogate)
-        @param[in] codepoint2  the code point (can be low surrogate or 0)
-
-        @return string representation of the code point; the length of the
-        result string is between 1 and 4 characters.
-
-        @throw std::out_of_range if code point is > 0x10ffff; example: `"code
-        points above 0x10FFFF are invalid"`
-        @throw std::invalid_argument if the low surrogate is invalid; example:
-        `""missing or wrong low surrogate""`
-
-        @complexity Constant.
-
-        @see <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Sample_code>
-        */
-        static string_t to_unicode(const std::size_t codepoint1,
-                                   const std::size_t codepoint2 = 0)
-        {
-            // calculate the code point from the given code points
-            std::size_t codepoint = codepoint1;
-
-            // check if codepoint1 is a high surrogate
-            if (codepoint1 >= 0xD800 and codepoint1 <= 0xDBFF)
-            {
-                // check if codepoint2 is a low surrogate
-                if (codepoint2 >= 0xDC00 and codepoint2 <= 0xDFFF)
-                {
-                    codepoint =
-                        // high surrogate occupies the most significant 22 bits
-                        (codepoint1 << 10)
-                        // low surrogate occupies the least significant 15 bits
-                        + codepoint2
-                        // there is still the 0xD800, 0xDC00 and 0x10000 noise
-                        // in the result so we have to subtract with:
-                        // (0xD800 << 10) + DC00 - 0x10000 = 0x35FDC00
-                        - 0x35FDC00;
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("missing or wrong low surrogate"));
-                }
-            }
-
-            string_t result;
-
-            if (codepoint < 0x80)
-            {
-                // 1-byte characters: 0xxxxxxx (ASCII)
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(codepoint));
-            }
-            else if (codepoint <= 0x7ff)
-            {
-                // 2-byte characters: 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0xC0 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x1F)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)));
-            }
-            else if (codepoint <= 0xffff)
-            {
-                // 3-byte characters: 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0xE0 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x0F)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3F)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)));
-            }
-            else if (codepoint <= 0x10ffff)
-            {
-                // 4-byte characters: 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0xF0 | ((codepoint >> 18) & 0x07)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 12) & 0x3F)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | ((codepoint >> 6) & 0x3F)));
-                result.append(1, static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(0x80 | (codepoint & 0x3F)));
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("code points above 0x10FFFF are invalid"));
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /// return name of values of type token_type (only used for errors)
-        static std::string token_type_name(const token_type t)
-        {
-            switch (t)
-            {
-                case token_type::uninitialized:
-                    return "<uninitialized>";
-                case token_type::literal_true:
-                    return "true literal";
-                case token_type::literal_false:
-                    return "false literal";
-                case token_type::literal_null:
-                    return "null literal";
-                case token_type::value_string:
-                    return "string literal";
-                case lexer::token_type::value_unsigned:
-                case lexer::token_type::value_integer:
-                case lexer::token_type::value_float:
-                    return "number literal";
-                case token_type::begin_array:
-                    return "'['";
-                case token_type::begin_object:
-                    return "'{'";
-                case token_type::end_array:
-                    return "']'";
-                case token_type::end_object:
-                    return "'}'";
-                case token_type::name_separator:
-                    return "':'";
-                case token_type::value_separator:
-                    return "','";
-                case token_type::parse_error:
-                    return "<parse error>";
-                case token_type::end_of_input:
-                    return "end of input";
-                default:
-                {
-                    // catch non-enum values
-                    return "unknown token"; // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        This function implements a scanner for JSON. It is specified using
-        regular expressions that try to follow RFC 7159 as close as possible.
-        These regular expressions are then translated into a minimized
-        deterministic finite automaton (DFA) by the tool
-        [re2c](http://re2c.org). As a result, the translated code for this
-        function consists of a large block of code with `goto` jumps.
-
-        @return the class of the next token read from the buffer
-
-        @complexity Linear in the length of the input.\n
-
-        Proposition: The loop below will always terminate for finite input.\n
-
-        Proof (by contradiction): Assume a finite input. To loop forever, the
-        loop must never hit code with a `break` statement. The only code
-        snippets without a `break` statement are the continue statements for
-        whitespace and byte-order-marks. To loop forever, the input must be an
-        infinite sequence of whitespace or byte-order-marks. This contradicts
-        the assumption of finite input, q.e.d.
-        */
-        token_type scan()
-        {
-            while (true)
-            {
-                // pointer for backtracking information
-                m_marker = nullptr;
-
-                // remember the begin of the token
-                m_start = m_cursor;
-                assert(m_start != nullptr);
-
-
-                {
-                    lexer_char_t yych;
-                    unsigned int yyaccept = 0;
-                    static const unsigned char yybm[] =
-                    {
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,  32,  32,   0,   0,  32,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        160, 128,   0, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192, 192,
-                        192, 192, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128,   0, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128, 128,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                        0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
-                    };
-                    if ((m_limit - m_cursor) < 5)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(5);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yybm[0 + yych] & 32)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_6;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '[')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '-')
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= '"')
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= 0x00)
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_2;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= '!')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_9;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= '+')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= ',')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_10;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_12;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= '9')
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= '/')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= '0')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_13;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_15;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= ':')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_17;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= 'Z')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_19;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'n')
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 'e')
-                            {
-                                if (yych == ']')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_21;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= 'f')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_23;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= 'm')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_24;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 'z')
-                            {
-                                if (yych == 't')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_25;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= '{')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_26;
-                                }
-                                if (yych == '}')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_28;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_4;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_2:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::end_of_input;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_4:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-basic_json_parser_5:
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::parse_error;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_6:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yybm[0 + yych] & 32)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_6;
-                    }
-                    {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_9:
-                    yyaccept = 0;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych <= 0x1F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_5;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_31;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xC1)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_5;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xF4)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_31;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_5;
-basic_json_parser_10:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::value_separator;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_12:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '/')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_5;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '0')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_43;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_45;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_5;
-basic_json_parser_13:
-                    yyaccept = 1;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        if (yych == '.')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_47;
-                        }
-                        if (yych >= '0')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_48;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'E')
-                        {
-                            if (yych >= 'E')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych == 'e')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_14:
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::value_unsigned;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_15:
-                    yyaccept = 1;
-                    m_marker = ++m_cursor;
-                    if ((m_limit - m_cursor) < 3)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(3);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yybm[0 + yych] & 64)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_15;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 'D')
-                    {
-                        if (yych == '.')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_47;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_14;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'E')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                        }
-                        if (yych == 'e')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_14;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_17:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::name_separator;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_19:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::begin_array;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_21:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::end_array;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_23:
-                    yyaccept = 0;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych == 'a')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_52;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_5;
-basic_json_parser_24:
-                    yyaccept = 0;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych == 'u')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_53;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_5;
-basic_json_parser_25:
-                    yyaccept = 0;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych == 'r')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_54;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_5;
-basic_json_parser_26:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::begin_object;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_28:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::end_object;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_30:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-basic_json_parser_31:
-                    if (yybm[0 + yych] & 128)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xE0)
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '\\')
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 0x1F)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                            if (yych <= '"')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_33;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_35;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 0xC1)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                            if (yych <= 0xDF)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_36;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_37;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 0xEF)
-                        {
-                            if (yych == 0xED)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_39;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_38;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 0xF0)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_40;
-                            }
-                            if (yych <= 0xF3)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_41;
-                            }
-                            if (yych <= 0xF4)
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_42;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_32:
-                    m_cursor = m_marker;
-                    if (yyaccept <= 1)
-                    {
-                        if (yyaccept == 0)
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_5;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_14;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yyaccept == 2)
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_44;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_58;
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_33:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::value_string;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_35:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 'e')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            if (yych == '"')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                            }
-                            if (yych <= '.')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= '\\')
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= '[')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych == 'b')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'q')
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 'f')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                            }
-                            if (yych == 'n')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 's')
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= 'r')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                if (yych <= 't')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                                }
-                                if (yych <= 'u')
-                                {
-                                    goto basic_json_parser_55;
-                                }
-                                goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_36:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xBF)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_37:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x9F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xBF)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_36;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_38:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xBF)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_36;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_39:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0x9F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_36;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_40:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x8F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xBF)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_38;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_41:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0xBF)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_38;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_42:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 0x7F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= 0x8F)
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_38;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_43:
-                    yyaccept = 2;
-                    yych = *(m_marker = ++m_cursor);
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        if (yych == '.')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_47;
-                        }
-                        if (yych >= '0')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_48;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'E')
-                        {
-                            if (yych >= 'E')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                            }
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych == 'e')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_44:
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::value_integer;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_45:
-                    yyaccept = 2;
-                    m_marker = ++m_cursor;
-                    if ((m_limit - m_cursor) < 3)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(3);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        if (yych == '.')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_47;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_44;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_45;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'E')
-                        {
-                            if (yych <= 'D')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_44;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            if (yych == 'e')
-                            {
-                                goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                            }
-                            goto basic_json_parser_44;
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_47:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '/')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_56;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_48:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '/')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_50;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_48;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_50:
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::parse_error;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_51:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= ',')
-                    {
-                        if (yych == '+')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_59;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '-')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_59;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_60;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_52:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'l')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_62;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_53:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'l')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_63;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_54:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'u')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_64;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_55:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '@')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_65;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'F')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_65;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '`')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= 'f')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_65;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_56:
-                    yyaccept = 3;
-                    m_marker = ++m_cursor;
-                    if ((m_limit - m_cursor) < 3)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(3);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= 'D')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_58;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_56;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'E')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                        }
-                        if (yych == 'e')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_51;
-                        }
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_58:
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::value_float;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_59:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '/')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    if (yych >= ':')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_60:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '/')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_58;
-                    }
-                    if (yych <= '9')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_60;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_58;
-basic_json_parser_62:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 's')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_66;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_63:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'l')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_67;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_64:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'e')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_69;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_65:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '@')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_71;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'F')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_71;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '`')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= 'f')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_71;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_66:
-                    yych = *++m_cursor;
-                    if (yych == 'e')
-                    {
-                        goto basic_json_parser_72;
-                    }
-                    goto basic_json_parser_32;
-basic_json_parser_67:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::literal_null;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_69:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::literal_true;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_71:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '@')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_74;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'F')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_74;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '`')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= 'f')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_74;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_72:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    {
-                        last_token_type = token_type::literal_false;
-                        break;
-                    }
-basic_json_parser_74:
-                    ++m_cursor;
-                    if (m_limit <= m_cursor)
-                    {
-                        fill_line_buffer(1);    // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                    yych = *m_cursor;
-                    if (yych <= '@')
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= '/')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '9')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        if (yych <= 'F')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= '`')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                        }
-                        if (yych <= 'f')
-                        {
-                            goto basic_json_parser_30;
-                        }
-                        goto basic_json_parser_32;
-                    }
-                }
-
-            }
-
-            return last_token_type;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief append data from the stream to the line buffer
-
-        This function is called by the scan() function when the end of the
-        buffer (`m_limit`) is reached and the `m_cursor` pointer cannot be
-        incremented without leaving the limits of the line buffer. Note re2c
-        decides when to call this function.
-
-        If the lexer reads from contiguous storage, there is no trailing null
-        byte. Therefore, this function must make sure to add these padding
-        null bytes.
-
-        If the lexer reads from an input stream, this function reads the next
-        line of the input.
-
-        @pre
-            p p p p p p u u u u u x . . . . . .
-            ^           ^       ^   ^
-            m_content   m_start |   m_limit
-                                m_cursor
-
-        @post
-            u u u u u x x x x x x x . . . . . .
-            ^       ^               ^
-            |       m_cursor        m_limit
-            m_start
-            m_content
-        */
-        void fill_line_buffer(size_t n = 0)
-        {
-            // if line buffer is used, m_content points to its data
-            assert(m_line_buffer.empty()
-                   or m_content == reinterpret_cast<const lexer_char_t*>(m_line_buffer.data()));
-
-            // if line buffer is used, m_limit is set past the end of its data
-            assert(m_line_buffer.empty()
-                   or m_limit == m_content + m_line_buffer.size());
-
-            // pointer relationships
-            assert(m_content <= m_start);
-            assert(m_start <= m_cursor);
-            assert(m_cursor <= m_limit);
-            assert(m_marker == nullptr or m_marker  <= m_limit);
-
-            // number of processed characters (p)
-            const auto num_processed_chars = static_cast<size_t>(m_start - m_content);
-            // offset for m_marker wrt. to m_start
-            const auto offset_marker = (m_marker == nullptr) ? 0 : m_marker - m_start;
-            // number of unprocessed characters (u)
-            const auto offset_cursor = m_cursor - m_start;
-
-            // no stream is used or end of file is reached
-            if (m_stream == nullptr or m_stream->eof())
-            {
-                // m_start may or may not be pointing into m_line_buffer at
-                // this point. We trust the standard library to do the right
-                // thing. See http://stackoverflow.com/q/28142011/266378
-                m_line_buffer.assign(m_start, m_limit);
-
-                // append n characters to make sure that there is sufficient
-                // space between m_cursor and m_limit
-                m_line_buffer.append(1, '\x00');
-                if (n > 0)
-                {
-                    m_line_buffer.append(n - 1, '\x01');
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // delete processed characters from line buffer
-                m_line_buffer.erase(0, num_processed_chars);
-                // read next line from input stream
-                m_line_buffer_tmp.clear();
-                std::getline(*m_stream, m_line_buffer_tmp, '\n');
-
-                // add line with newline symbol to the line buffer
-                m_line_buffer += m_line_buffer_tmp;
-                m_line_buffer.push_back('\n');
-            }
-
-            // set pointers
-            m_content = reinterpret_cast<const lexer_char_t*>(m_line_buffer.data());
-            assert(m_content != nullptr);
-            m_start  = m_content;
-            m_marker = m_start + offset_marker;
-            m_cursor = m_start + offset_cursor;
-            m_limit  = m_start + m_line_buffer.size();
-        }
-
-        /// return string representation of last read token
-        string_t get_token_string() const
-        {
-            assert(m_start != nullptr);
-            return string_t(reinterpret_cast<typename string_t::const_pointer>(m_start),
-                            static_cast<size_t>(m_cursor - m_start));
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief return string value for string tokens
-
-        The function iterates the characters between the opening and closing
-        quotes of the string value. The complete string is the range
-        [m_start,m_cursor). Consequently, we iterate from m_start+1 to
-        m_cursor-1.
-
-        We differentiate two cases:
-
-        1. Escaped characters. In this case, a new character is constructed
-           according to the nature of the escape. Some escapes create new
-           characters (e.g., `"\\n"` is replaced by `"\n"`), some are copied
-           as is (e.g., `"\\\\"`). Furthermore, Unicode escapes of the shape
-           `"\\uxxxx"` need special care. In this case, to_unicode takes care
-           of the construction of the values.
-        2. Unescaped characters are copied as is.
-
-        @pre `m_cursor - m_start >= 2`, meaning the length of the last token
-        is at least 2 bytes which is trivially true for any string (which
-        consists of at least two quotes).
-
-            " c1 c2 c3 ... "
-            ^                ^
-            m_start          m_cursor
-
-        @complexity Linear in the length of the string.\n
-
-        Lemma: The loop body will always terminate.\n
-
-        Proof (by contradiction): Assume the loop body does not terminate. As
-        the loop body does not contain another loop, one of the called
-        functions must never return. The called functions are `std::strtoul`
-        and to_unicode. Neither function can loop forever, so the loop body
-        will never loop forever which contradicts the assumption that the loop
-        body does not terminate, q.e.d.\n
-
-        Lemma: The loop condition for the for loop is eventually false.\n
-
-        Proof (by contradiction): Assume the loop does not terminate. Due to
-        the above lemma, this can only be due to a tautological loop
-        condition; that is, the loop condition i < m_cursor - 1 must always be
-        true. Let x be the change of i for any loop iteration. Then
-        m_start + 1 + x < m_cursor - 1 must hold to loop indefinitely. This
-        can be rephrased to m_cursor - m_start - 2 > x. With the
-        precondition, we x <= 0, meaning that the loop condition holds
-        indefinitely if i is always decreased. However, observe that the value
-        of i is strictly increasing with each iteration, as it is incremented
-        by 1 in the iteration expression and never decremented inside the loop
-        body. Hence, the loop condition will eventually be false which
-        contradicts the assumption that the loop condition is a tautology,
-        q.e.d.
-
-        @return string value of current token without opening and closing
-        quotes
-        @throw std::out_of_range if to_unicode fails
-        */
-        string_t get_string() const
-        {
-            assert(m_cursor - m_start >= 2);
-
-            string_t result;
-            result.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(m_cursor - m_start - 2));
-
-            // iterate the result between the quotes
-            for (const lexer_char_t* i = m_start + 1; i < m_cursor - 1; ++i)
-            {
-                // find next escape character
-                auto e = std::find(i, m_cursor - 1, '\\');
-                if (e != i)
-                {
-                    // see https://github.com/nlohmann/json/issues/365#issuecomment-262874705
-                    for (auto k = i; k < e; k++)
-                    {
-                        result.push_back(static_cast<typename string_t::value_type>(*k));
-                    }
-                    i = e - 1; // -1 because of ++i
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    // processing escaped character
-                    // read next character
-                    ++i;
-
-                    switch (*i)
-                    {
-                        // the default escapes
-                        case 't':
-                        {
-                            result += "\t";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case 'b':
-                        {
-                            result += "\b";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case 'f':
-                        {
-                            result += "\f";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case 'n':
-                        {
-                            result += "\n";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case 'r':
-                        {
-                            result += "\r";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case '\\':
-                        {
-                            result += "\\";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case '/':
-                        {
-                            result += "/";
-                            break;
-                        }
-                        case '"':
-                        {
-                            result += "\"";
-                            break;
-                        }
-
-                        // unicode
-                        case 'u':
-                        {
-                            // get code xxxx from uxxxx
-                            auto codepoint = std::strtoul(std::string(reinterpret_cast<typename string_t::const_pointer>(i + 1),
-                                                          4).c_str(), nullptr, 16);
-
-                            // check if codepoint is a high surrogate
-                            if (codepoint >= 0xD800 and codepoint <= 0xDBFF)
-                            {
-                                // make sure there is a subsequent unicode
-                                if ((i + 6 >= m_limit) or * (i + 5) != '\\' or * (i + 6) != 'u')
-                                {
-                                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("missing low surrogate"));
-                                }
-
-                                // get code yyyy from uxxxx\uyyyy
-                                auto codepoint2 = std::strtoul(std::string(reinterpret_cast<typename string_t::const_pointer>
-                                                               (i + 7), 4).c_str(), nullptr, 16);
-                                result += to_unicode(codepoint, codepoint2);
-                                // skip the next 10 characters (xxxx\uyyyy)
-                                i += 10;
-                            }
-                            else if (codepoint >= 0xDC00 and codepoint <= 0xDFFF)
-                            {
-                                // we found a lone low surrogate
-                                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("missing high surrogate"));
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                // add unicode character(s)
-                                result += to_unicode(codepoint);
-                                // skip the next four characters (xxxx)
-                                i += 4;
-                            }
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-
-        /*!
-        @brief parse string into a built-in arithmetic type as if the current
-               locale is POSIX.
-
-        @note in floating-point case strtod may parse past the token's end -
-              this is not an error
-
-        @note any leading blanks are not handled
-        */
-        struct strtonum
-        {
-          public:
-            strtonum(const char* start, const char* end)
-                : m_start(start), m_end(end)
-            {}
-
-            /*!
-            @return true iff parsed successfully as number of type T
-
-            @param[in,out] val shall contain parsed value, or undefined value
-            if could not parse
-            */
-            template<typename T, typename = typename std::enable_if<std::is_arithmetic<T>::value>::type>
-            bool to(T& val) const
-            {
-                return parse(val, std::is_integral<T>());
-            }
-
-          private:
-            const char* const m_start = nullptr;
-            const char* const m_end = nullptr;
-
-            // floating-point conversion
-
-            // overloaded wrappers for strtod/strtof/strtold
-            // that will be called from parse<floating_point_t>
-            static void strtof(float& f, const char* str, char** endptr)
-            {
-                f = std::strtof(str, endptr);
-            }
-
-            static void strtof(double& f, const char* str, char** endptr)
-            {
-                f = std::strtod(str, endptr);
-            }
-
-            static void strtof(long double& f, const char* str, char** endptr)
-            {
-                f = std::strtold(str, endptr);
-            }
-
-            template<typename T>
-            bool parse(T& value, /*is_integral=*/std::false_type) const
-            {
-                // replace decimal separator with locale-specific version,
-                // when necessary; data will point to either the original
-                // string, or buf, or tempstr containing the fixed string.
-                std::string tempstr;
-                std::array<char, 64> buf;
-                const size_t len = static_cast<size_t>(m_end - m_start);
-
-                // lexer will reject empty numbers
-                assert(len > 0);
-
-                // since dealing with strtod family of functions, we're
-                // getting the decimal point char from the C locale facilities
-                // instead of C++'s numpunct facet of the current std::locale
-                const auto loc = localeconv();
-                assert(loc != nullptr);
-                const char decimal_point_char = (loc->decimal_point == nullptr) ? '.' : loc->decimal_point[0];
-
-                const char* data = m_start;
-
-                if (decimal_point_char != '.')
-                {
-                    const size_t ds_pos = static_cast<size_t>(std::find(m_start, m_end, '.') - m_start);
-
-                    if (ds_pos != len)
-                    {
-                        // copy the data into the local buffer or tempstr, if
-                        // buffer is too small; replace decimal separator, and
-                        // update data to point to the modified bytes
-                        if ((len + 1) < buf.size())
-                        {
-                            std::copy(m_start, m_end, buf.begin());
-                            buf[len] = 0;
-                            buf[ds_pos] = decimal_point_char;
-                            data = buf.data();
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            tempstr.assign(m_start, m_end);
-                            tempstr[ds_pos] = decimal_point_char;
-                            data = tempstr.c_str();
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                char* endptr = nullptr;
-                value = 0;
-                // this calls appropriate overload depending on T
-                strtof(value, data, &endptr);
-
-                // parsing was successful iff strtof parsed exactly the number
-                // of characters determined by the lexer (len)
-                const bool ok = (endptr == (data + len));
-
-                if (ok and (value == static_cast<T>(0.0)) and (*data == '-'))
-                {
-                    // some implementations forget to negate the zero
-                    value = -0.0;
-                }
-
-                return ok;
-            }
-
-            // integral conversion
-
-            signed long long parse_integral(char** endptr, /*is_signed*/std::true_type) const
-            {
-                return std::strtoll(m_start, endptr, 10);
-            }
-
-            unsigned long long parse_integral(char** endptr, /*is_signed*/std::false_type) const
-            {
-                return std::strtoull(m_start, endptr, 10);
-            }
-
-            template<typename T>
-            bool parse(T& value, /*is_integral=*/std::true_type) const
-            {
-                char* endptr = nullptr;
-                errno = 0; // these are thread-local
-                const auto x = parse_integral(&endptr, std::is_signed<T>());
-
-                // called right overload?
-                static_assert(std::is_signed<T>() == std::is_signed<decltype(x)>(), "");
-
-                value = static_cast<T>(x);
-
-                return (x == static_cast<decltype(x)>(value)) // x fits into destination T
-                       and (x < 0) == (value < 0)             // preserved sign
-                       //and ((x != 0) or is_integral())        // strto[u]ll did nto fail
-                       and (errno == 0)                       // strto[u]ll did not overflow
-                       and (m_start < m_end)                  // token was not empty
-                       and (endptr == m_end);                 // parsed entire token exactly
-            }
-        };
-
-        /*!
-        @brief return number value for number tokens
-
-        This function translates the last token into the most appropriate
-        number type (either integer, unsigned integer or floating point),
-        which is passed back to the caller via the result parameter.
-
-        integral numbers that don't fit into the the range of the respective
-        type are parsed as number_float_t
-
-        floating-point values do not satisfy std::isfinite predicate
-        are converted to value_t::null
-
-        throws if the entire string [m_start .. m_cursor) cannot be
-        interpreted as a number
-
-        @param[out] result  @ref basic_json object to receive the number.
-        @param[in]  token   the type of the number token
-        */
-        bool get_number(basic_json& result, const token_type token) const
-        {
-            assert(m_start != nullptr);
-            assert(m_start < m_cursor);
-            assert((token == token_type::value_unsigned) or
-                   (token == token_type::value_integer) or
-                   (token == token_type::value_float));
-
-            strtonum num_converter(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(m_start),
-                                   reinterpret_cast<const char*>(m_cursor));
-
-            switch (token)
-            {
-                case lexer::token_type::value_unsigned:
-                {
-                    number_unsigned_t val;
-                    if (num_converter.to(val))
-                    {
-                        // parsing successful
-                        result.m_type = value_t::number_unsigned;
-                        result.m_value = val;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::value_integer:
-                {
-                    number_integer_t val;
-                    if (num_converter.to(val))
-                    {
-                        // parsing successful
-                        result.m_type = value_t::number_integer;
-                        result.m_value = val;
-                        return true;
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // parse float (either explicitly or because a previous conversion
-            // failed)
-            number_float_t val;
-            if (num_converter.to(val))
-            {
-                // parsing successful
-                result.m_type = value_t::number_float;
-                result.m_value = val;
-
-                // replace infinity and NAN by null
-                if (not std::isfinite(result.m_value.number_float))
-                {
-                    result.m_type  = value_t::null;
-                    result.m_value = basic_json::json_value();
-                }
-
-                return true;
-            }
-
-            // couldn't parse number in any format
-            return false;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// optional input stream
-        std::istream* m_stream = nullptr;
-        /// line buffer buffer for m_stream
-        string_t m_line_buffer {};
-        /// used for filling m_line_buffer
-        string_t m_line_buffer_tmp {};
-        /// the buffer pointer
-        const lexer_char_t* m_content = nullptr;
-        /// pointer to the beginning of the current symbol
-        const lexer_char_t* m_start = nullptr;
-        /// pointer for backtracking information
-        const lexer_char_t* m_marker = nullptr;
-        /// pointer to the current symbol
-        const lexer_char_t* m_cursor = nullptr;
-        /// pointer to the end of the buffer
-        const lexer_char_t* m_limit = nullptr;
-        /// the last token type
-        token_type last_token_type = token_type::end_of_input;
-    };
-
-    /*!
-    @brief syntax analysis
-
-    This class implements a recursive decent parser.
-    */
-    class parser
-    {
-      public:
-        /// a parser reading from a string literal
-        parser(const char* buff, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-            : callback(cb),
-              m_lexer(reinterpret_cast<const typename lexer::lexer_char_t*>(buff), std::strlen(buff))
-        {}
-
-        /// a parser reading from an input stream
-        parser(std::istream& is, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-            : callback(cb), m_lexer(is)
-        {}
-
-        /// a parser reading from an iterator range with contiguous storage
-        template<class IteratorType, typename std::enable_if<
-                     std::is_same<typename std::iterator_traits<IteratorType>::iterator_category, std::random_access_iterator_tag>::value
-                     , int>::type
-                 = 0>
-        parser(IteratorType first, IteratorType last, const parser_callback_t cb = nullptr)
-            : callback(cb),
-              m_lexer(reinterpret_cast<const typename lexer::lexer_char_t*>(&(*first)),
-                      static_cast<size_t>(std::distance(first, last)))
-        {}
-
-        /// public parser interface
-        basic_json parse()
-        {
-            // read first token
-            get_token();
-
-            basic_json result = parse_internal(true);
-            result.assert_invariant();
-
-            expect(lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
-
-            // return parser result and replace it with null in case the
-            // top-level value was discarded by the callback function
-            return result.is_discarded() ? basic_json() : std::move(result);
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// the actual parser
-        basic_json parse_internal(bool keep)
-        {
-            auto result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-
-            switch (last_token)
-            {
-                case lexer::token_type::begin_object:
-                {
-                    if (keep and (not callback
-                                  or ((keep = callback(depth++, parse_event_t::object_start, result)) != 0)))
-                    {
-                        // explicitly set result to object to cope with {}
-                        result.m_type = value_t::object;
-                        result.m_value = value_t::object;
-                    }
-
-                    // read next token
-                    get_token();
-
-                    // closing } -> we are done
-                    if (last_token == lexer::token_type::end_object)
-                    {
-                        get_token();
-                        if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::object_end, result))
-                        {
-                            result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-                        }
-                        return result;
-                    }
-
-                    // no comma is expected here
-                    unexpect(lexer::token_type::value_separator);
-
-                    // otherwise: parse key-value pairs
-                    do
-                    {
-                        // ugly, but could be fixed with loop reorganization
-                        if (last_token == lexer::token_type::value_separator)
-                        {
-                            get_token();
-                        }
-
-                        // store key
-                        expect(lexer::token_type::value_string);
-                        const auto key = m_lexer.get_string();
-
-                        bool keep_tag = false;
-                        if (keep)
-                        {
-                            if (callback)
-                            {
-                                basic_json k(key);
-                                keep_tag = callback(depth, parse_event_t::key, k);
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                keep_tag = true;
-                            }
-                        }
-
-                        // parse separator (:)
-                        get_token();
-                        expect(lexer::token_type::name_separator);
-
-                        // parse and add value
-                        get_token();
-                        auto value = parse_internal(keep);
-                        if (keep and keep_tag and not value.is_discarded())
-                        {
-                            result[key] = std::move(value);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    while (last_token == lexer::token_type::value_separator);
-
-                    // closing }
-                    expect(lexer::token_type::end_object);
-                    get_token();
-                    if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::object_end, result))
-                    {
-                        result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-                    }
-
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::begin_array:
-                {
-                    if (keep and (not callback
-                                  or ((keep = callback(depth++, parse_event_t::array_start, result)) != 0)))
-                    {
-                        // explicitly set result to object to cope with []
-                        result.m_type = value_t::array;
-                        result.m_value = value_t::array;
-                    }
-
-                    // read next token
-                    get_token();
-
-                    // closing ] -> we are done
-                    if (last_token == lexer::token_type::end_array)
-                    {
-                        get_token();
-                        if (callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::array_end, result))
-                        {
-                            result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-                        }
-                        return result;
-                    }
-
-                    // no comma is expected here
-                    unexpect(lexer::token_type::value_separator);
-
-                    // otherwise: parse values
-                    do
-                    {
-                        // ugly, but could be fixed with loop reorganization
-                        if (last_token == lexer::token_type::value_separator)
-                        {
-                            get_token();
-                        }
-
-                        // parse value
-                        auto value = parse_internal(keep);
-                        if (keep and not value.is_discarded())
-                        {
-                            result.push_back(std::move(value));
-                        }
-                    }
-                    while (last_token == lexer::token_type::value_separator);
-
-                    // closing ]
-                    expect(lexer::token_type::end_array);
-                    get_token();
-                    if (keep and callback and not callback(--depth, parse_event_t::array_end, result))
-                    {
-                        result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-                    }
-
-                    return result;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::literal_null:
-                {
-                    get_token();
-                    result.m_type = value_t::null;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::value_string:
-                {
-                    const auto s = m_lexer.get_string();
-                    get_token();
-                    result = basic_json(s);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::literal_true:
-                {
-                    get_token();
-                    result.m_type = value_t::boolean;
-                    result.m_value = true;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::literal_false:
-                {
-                    get_token();
-                    result.m_type = value_t::boolean;
-                    result.m_value = false;
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case lexer::token_type::value_unsigned:
-                case lexer::token_type::value_integer:
-                case lexer::token_type::value_float:
-                {
-                    m_lexer.get_number(result, last_token);
-                    get_token();
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    // the last token was unexpected
-                    unexpect(last_token);
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (keep and callback and not callback(depth, parse_event_t::value, result))
-            {
-                result = basic_json(value_t::discarded);
-            }
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /// get next token from lexer
-        typename lexer::token_type get_token()
-        {
-            last_token = m_lexer.scan();
-            return last_token;
-        }
-
-        void expect(typename lexer::token_type t) const
-        {
-            if (t != last_token)
-            {
-                std::string error_msg = "parse error - unexpected ";
-                error_msg += (last_token == lexer::token_type::parse_error ? ("'" +  m_lexer.get_token_string() +
-                              "'") :
-                              lexer::token_type_name(last_token));
-                error_msg += "; expected " + lexer::token_type_name(t);
-                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument(error_msg));
-            }
-        }
-
-        void unexpect(typename lexer::token_type t) const
-        {
-            if (t == last_token)
-            {
-                std::string error_msg = "parse error - unexpected ";
-                error_msg += (last_token == lexer::token_type::parse_error ? ("'" +  m_lexer.get_token_string() +
-                              "'") :
-                              lexer::token_type_name(last_token));
-                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument(error_msg));
-            }
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// current level of recursion
-        int depth = 0;
-        /// callback function
-        const parser_callback_t callback = nullptr;
-        /// the type of the last read token
-        typename lexer::token_type last_token = lexer::token_type::uninitialized;
-        /// the lexer
-        lexer m_lexer;
-    };
-
-  public:
-    /*!
-    @brief JSON Pointer
-
-    A JSON pointer defines a string syntax for identifying a specific value
-    within a JSON document. It can be used with functions `at` and
-    `operator[]`. Furthermore, JSON pointers are the base for JSON patches.
-
-    @sa [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    class json_pointer
-    {
-        /// allow basic_json to access private members
-        friend class basic_json;
-
-      public:
-        /*!
-        @brief create JSON pointer
-
-        Create a JSON pointer according to the syntax described in
-        [Section 3 of RFC6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901#section-3).
-
-        @param[in] s  string representing the JSON pointer; if omitted, the
-                      empty string is assumed which references the whole JSON
-                      value
-
-        @throw std::domain_error if reference token is nonempty and does not
-        begin with a slash (`/`); example: `"JSON pointer must be empty or
-        begin with /"`
-        @throw std::domain_error if a tilde (`~`) is not followed by `0`
-        (representing `~`) or `1` (representing `/`); example: `"escape error:
-        ~ must be followed with 0 or 1"`
-
-        @liveexample{The example shows the construction several valid JSON
-        pointers as well as the exceptional behavior.,json_pointer}
-
-        @since version 2.0.0
-        */
-        explicit json_pointer(const std::string& s = "")
-            : reference_tokens(split(s))
-        {}
-
-        /*!
-        @brief return a string representation of the JSON pointer
-
-        @invariant For each JSON pointer `ptr`, it holds:
-        @code {.cpp}
-        ptr == json_pointer(ptr.to_string());
-        @endcode
-
-        @return a string representation of the JSON pointer
-
-        @liveexample{The example shows the result of `to_string`.,
-        json_pointer__to_string}
-
-        @since version 2.0.0
-        */
-        std::string to_string() const noexcept
-        {
-            return std::accumulate(reference_tokens.begin(),
-                                   reference_tokens.end(), std::string{},
-                                   [](const std::string & a, const std::string & b)
-            {
-                return a + "/" + escape(b);
-            });
-        }
-
-        /// @copydoc to_string()
-        operator std::string() const
-        {
-            return to_string();
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /// remove and return last reference pointer
-        std::string pop_back()
-        {
-            if (is_root())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("JSON pointer has no parent"));
-            }
-
-            auto last = reference_tokens.back();
-            reference_tokens.pop_back();
-            return last;
-        }
-
-        /// return whether pointer points to the root document
-        bool is_root() const
-        {
-            return reference_tokens.empty();
-        }
-
-        json_pointer top() const
-        {
-            if (is_root())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("JSON pointer has no parent"));
-            }
-
-            json_pointer result = *this;
-            result.reference_tokens = {reference_tokens[0]};
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief create and return a reference to the pointed to value
-
-        @complexity Linear in the number of reference tokens.
-        */
-        reference get_and_create(reference j) const
-        {
-            pointer result = &j;
-
-            // in case no reference tokens exist, return a reference to the
-            // JSON value j which will be overwritten by a primitive value
-            for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
-            {
-                switch (result->m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::null:
-                    {
-                        if (reference_token == "0")
-                        {
-                            // start a new array if reference token is 0
-                            result = &result->operator[](0);
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            // start a new object otherwise
-                            result = &result->operator[](reference_token);
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // create an entry in the object
-                        result = &result->operator[](reference_token);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        // create an entry in the array
-                        result = &result->operator[](static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(reference_token)));
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    /*
-                    The following code is only reached if there exists a
-                    reference token _and_ the current value is primitive. In
-                    this case, we have an error situation, because primitive
-                    values may only occur as single value; that is, with an
-                    empty list of reference tokens.
-                    */
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("invalid value to unflatten"));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *result;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief return a reference to the pointed to value
-
-        @note This version does not throw if a value is not present, but tries
-        to create nested values instead. For instance, calling this function
-        with pointer `"/this/that"` on a null value is equivalent to calling
-        `operator[]("this").operator[]("that")` on that value, effectively
-        changing the null value to an object.
-
-        @param[in] ptr  a JSON value
-
-        @return reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON pointer
-
-        @complexity Linear in the length of the JSON pointer.
-
-        @throw std::out_of_range      if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
-        @throw std::domain_error      if an array index begins with '0'
-        @throw std::invalid_argument  if an array index was not a number
-        */
-        reference get_unchecked(pointer ptr) const
-        {
-            for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
-            {
-                // convert null values to arrays or objects before continuing
-                if (ptr->m_type == value_t::null)
-                {
-                    // check if reference token is a number
-                    const bool nums = std::all_of(reference_token.begin(),
-                                                  reference_token.end(),
-                                                  [](const char x)
-                    {
-                        return std::isdigit(x);
-                    });
-
-                    // change value to array for numbers or "-" or to object
-                    // otherwise
-                    if (nums or reference_token == "-")
-                    {
-                        *ptr = value_t::array;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        *ptr = value_t::object;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                switch (ptr->m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // use unchecked object access
-                        ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-                        if (reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')
-                        {
-                            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("array index must not begin with '0'"));
-                        }
-
-                        if (reference_token == "-")
-                        {
-                            // explicitly treat "-" as index beyond the end
-                            ptr = &ptr->operator[](ptr->m_value.array->size());
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            // convert array index to number; unchecked access
-                            ptr = &ptr->operator[](static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(reference_token)));
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'"));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *ptr;
-        }
-
-        reference get_checked(pointer ptr) const
-        {
-            for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
-            {
-                switch (ptr->m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // note: at performs range check
-                        ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        if (reference_token == "-")
-                        {
-                            // "-" always fails the range check
-                            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index '-' (" +
-                                                         std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) +
-                                                         ") is out of range"));
-                        }
-
-                        // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-                        if (reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')
-                        {
-                            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("array index must not begin with '0'"));
-                        }
-
-                        // note: at performs range check
-                        ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(reference_token)));
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'"));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *ptr;
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @brief return a const reference to the pointed to value
-
-        @param[in] ptr  a JSON value
-
-        @return const reference to the JSON value pointed to by the JSON
-                pointer
-        */
-        const_reference get_unchecked(const_pointer ptr) const
-        {
-            for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
-            {
-                switch (ptr->m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // use unchecked object access
-                        ptr = &ptr->operator[](reference_token);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        if (reference_token == "-")
-                        {
-                            // "-" cannot be used for const access
-                            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index '-' (" +
-                                                         std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) +
-                                                         ") is out of range"));
-                        }
-
-                        // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-                        if (reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')
-                        {
-                            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("array index must not begin with '0'"));
-                        }
-
-                        // use unchecked array access
-                        ptr = &ptr->operator[](static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(reference_token)));
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'"));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *ptr;
-        }
-
-        const_reference get_checked(const_pointer ptr) const
-        {
-            for (const auto& reference_token : reference_tokens)
-            {
-                switch (ptr->m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // note: at performs range check
-                        ptr = &ptr->at(reference_token);
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        if (reference_token == "-")
-                        {
-                            // "-" always fails the range check
-                            JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index '-' (" +
-                                                         std::to_string(ptr->m_value.array->size()) +
-                                                         ") is out of range"));
-                        }
-
-                        // error condition (cf. RFC 6901, Sect. 4)
-                        if (reference_token.size() > 1 and reference_token[0] == '0')
-                        {
-                            JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("array index must not begin with '0'"));
-                        }
-
-                        // note: at performs range check
-                        ptr = &ptr->at(static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(reference_token)));
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("unresolved reference token '" + reference_token + "'"));
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return *ptr;
-        }
-
-        /// split the string input to reference tokens
-        static std::vector<std::string> split(const std::string& reference_string)
-        {
-            std::vector<std::string> result;
-
-            // special case: empty reference string -> no reference tokens
-            if (reference_string.empty())
-            {
-                return result;
-            }
-
-            // check if nonempty reference string begins with slash
-            if (reference_string[0] != '/')
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("JSON pointer must be empty or begin with '/'"));
-            }
-
-            // extract the reference tokens:
-            // - slash: position of the last read slash (or end of string)
-            // - start: position after the previous slash
-            for (
-                // search for the first slash after the first character
-                size_t slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', 1),
-                // set the beginning of the first reference token
-                start = 1;
-                // we can stop if start == string::npos+1 = 0
-                start != 0;
-                // set the beginning of the next reference token
-                // (will eventually be 0 if slash == std::string::npos)
-                start = slash + 1,
-                // find next slash
-                slash = reference_string.find_first_of('/', start))
-            {
-                // use the text between the beginning of the reference token
-                // (start) and the last slash (slash).
-                auto reference_token = reference_string.substr(start, slash - start);
-
-                // check reference tokens are properly escaped
-                for (size_t pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~');
-                        pos != std::string::npos;
-                        pos = reference_token.find_first_of('~', pos + 1))
-                {
-                    assert(reference_token[pos] == '~');
-
-                    // ~ must be followed by 0 or 1
-                    if (pos == reference_token.size() - 1 or
-                            (reference_token[pos + 1] != '0' and
-                             reference_token[pos + 1] != '1'))
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("escape error: '~' must be followed with '0' or '1'"));
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // finally, store the reference token
-                unescape(reference_token);
-                result.push_back(reference_token);
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        /*!
-        @brief replace all occurrences of a substring by another string
-
-        @param[in,out] s  the string to manipulate; changed so that all
-                          occurrences of @a f are replaced with @a t
-        @param[in]     f  the substring to replace with @a t
-        @param[in]     t  the string to replace @a f
-
-        @pre The search string @a f must not be empty.
-
-        @since version 2.0.0
-        */
-        static void replace_substring(std::string& s,
-                                      const std::string& f,
-                                      const std::string& t)
-        {
-            assert(not f.empty());
-
-            for (
-                size_t pos = s.find(f);         // find first occurrence of f
-                pos != std::string::npos;       // make sure f was found
-                s.replace(pos, f.size(), t),    // replace with t
-                pos = s.find(f, pos + t.size()) // find next occurrence of f
-            );
-        }
-
-        /// escape tilde and slash
-        static std::string escape(std::string s)
-        {
-            // escape "~"" to "~0" and "/" to "~1"
-            replace_substring(s, "~", "~0");
-            replace_substring(s, "/", "~1");
-            return s;
-        }
-
-        /// unescape tilde and slash
-        static void unescape(std::string& s)
-        {
-            // first transform any occurrence of the sequence '~1' to '/'
-            replace_substring(s, "~1", "/");
-            // then transform any occurrence of the sequence '~0' to '~'
-            replace_substring(s, "~0", "~");
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @param[in] reference_string  the reference string to the current value
-        @param[in] value             the value to consider
-        @param[in,out] result        the result object to insert values to
-
-        @note Empty objects or arrays are flattened to `null`.
-        */
-        static void flatten(const std::string& reference_string,
-                            const basic_json& value,
-                            basic_json& result)
-        {
-            switch (value.m_type)
-            {
-                case value_t::array:
-                {
-                    if (value.m_value.array->empty())
-                    {
-                        // flatten empty array as null
-                        result[reference_string] = nullptr;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        // iterate array and use index as reference string
-                        for (size_t i = 0; i < value.m_value.array->size(); ++i)
-                        {
-                            flatten(reference_string + "/" + std::to_string(i),
-                                    value.m_value.array->operator[](i), result);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::object:
-                {
-                    if (value.m_value.object->empty())
-                    {
-                        // flatten empty object as null
-                        result[reference_string] = nullptr;
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        // iterate object and use keys as reference string
-                        for (const auto& element : *value.m_value.object)
-                        {
-                            flatten(reference_string + "/" + escape(element.first),
-                                    element.second, result);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    // add primitive value with its reference string
-                    result[reference_string] = value;
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /*!
-        @param[in] value  flattened JSON
-
-        @return unflattened JSON
-        */
-        static basic_json unflatten(const basic_json& value)
-        {
-            if (not value.is_object())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("only objects can be unflattened"));
-            }
-
-            basic_json result;
-
-            // iterate the JSON object values
-            for (const auto& element : *value.m_value.object)
-            {
-                if (not element.second.is_primitive())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("values in object must be primitive"));
-                }
-
-                // assign value to reference pointed to by JSON pointer; Note
-                // that if the JSON pointer is "" (i.e., points to the whole
-                // value), function get_and_create returns a reference to
-                // result itself. An assignment will then create a primitive
-                // value.
-                json_pointer(element.first).get_and_create(result) = element.second;
-            }
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-      private:
-        friend bool operator==(json_pointer const& lhs,
-                               json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return lhs.reference_tokens == rhs.reference_tokens;
-        }
-
-        friend bool operator!=(json_pointer const& lhs,
-                               json_pointer const& rhs) noexcept
-        {
-            return !(lhs == rhs);
-        }
-
-        /// the reference tokens
-        std::vector<std::string> reference_tokens {};
-    };
-
-    //////////////////////////
-    // JSON Pointer support //
-    //////////////////////////
-
-    /// @name JSON Pointer functions
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
-
-    Uses a JSON pointer to retrieve a reference to the respective JSON value.
-    No bound checking is performed. Similar to @ref operator[](const typename
-    object_t::key_type&), `null` values are created in arrays and objects if
-    necessary.
-
-    In particular:
-    - If the JSON pointer points to an object key that does not exist, it
-      is created an filled with a `null` value before a reference to it
-      is returned.
-    - If the JSON pointer points to an array index that does not exist, it
-      is created an filled with a `null` value before a reference to it
-      is returned. All indices between the current maximum and the given
-      index are also filled with `null`.
-    - The special value `-` is treated as a synonym for the index past the
-      end.
-
-    @param[in] ptr  a JSON pointer
-
-    @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range      if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
-    @throw std::domain_error      if an array index begins with '0'
-    @throw std::invalid_argument  if an array index was not a number
-
-    @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,operatorjson_pointer}
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr)
-    {
-        return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
-
-    Uses a JSON pointer to retrieve a reference to the respective JSON value.
-    No bound checking is performed. The function does not change the JSON
-    value; no `null` values are created. In particular, the the special value
-    `-` yields an exception.
-
-    @param[in] ptr  JSON pointer to the desired element
-
-    @return const reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range      if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
-    @throw std::domain_error      if an array index begins with '0'
-    @throw std::invalid_argument  if an array index was not a number
-
-    @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,operatorjson_pointer_const}
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference operator[](const json_pointer& ptr) const
-    {
-        return ptr.get_unchecked(this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
-
-    Returns a reference to the element at with specified JSON pointer @a ptr,
-    with bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] ptr  JSON pointer to the desired element
-
-    @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range      if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
-    @throw std::domain_error      if an array index begins with '0'
-    @throw std::invalid_argument  if an array index was not a number
-
-    @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,at_json_pointer}
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    reference at(const json_pointer& ptr)
-    {
-        return ptr.get_checked(this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief access specified element via JSON Pointer
-
-    Returns a const reference to the element at with specified JSON pointer @a
-    ptr, with bounds checking.
-
-    @param[in] ptr  JSON pointer to the desired element
-
-    @return reference to the element pointed to by @a ptr
-
-    @complexity Constant.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range      if the JSON pointer can not be resolved
-    @throw std::domain_error      if an array index begins with '0'
-    @throw std::invalid_argument  if an array index was not a number
-
-    @liveexample{The behavior is shown in the example.,at_json_pointer_const}
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    const_reference at(const json_pointer& ptr) const
-    {
-        return ptr.get_checked(this);
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief return flattened JSON value
-
-    The function creates a JSON object whose keys are JSON pointers (see [RFC
-    6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)) and whose values are all
-    primitive. The original JSON value can be restored using the @ref
-    unflatten() function.
-
-    @return an object that maps JSON pointers to primitive values
-
-    @note Empty objects and arrays are flattened to `null` and will not be
-          reconstructed correctly by the @ref unflatten() function.
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size the JSON value.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON object is flattened to an
-    object whose keys consist of JSON pointers.,flatten}
-
-    @sa @ref unflatten() for the reverse function
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json flatten() const
-    {
-        basic_json result(value_t::object);
-        json_pointer::flatten("", *this, result);
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief unflatten a previously flattened JSON value
-
-    The function restores the arbitrary nesting of a JSON value that has been
-    flattened before using the @ref flatten() function. The JSON value must
-    meet certain constraints:
-    1. The value must be an object.
-    2. The keys must be JSON pointers (see
-       [RFC 6901](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901))
-    3. The mapped values must be primitive JSON types.
-
-    @return the original JSON from a flattened version
-
-    @note Empty objects and arrays are flattened by @ref flatten() to `null`
-          values and can not unflattened to their original type. Apart from
-          this example, for a JSON value `j`, the following is always true:
-          `j == j.flatten().unflatten()`.
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size the JSON value.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows how a flattened JSON object is
-    unflattened into the original nested JSON object.,unflatten}
-
-    @sa @ref flatten() for the reverse function
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json unflatten() const
-    {
-        return json_pointer::unflatten(*this);
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-
-    //////////////////////////
-    // JSON Patch functions //
-    //////////////////////////
-
-    /// @name JSON Patch functions
-    /// @{
-
-    /*!
-    @brief applies a JSON patch
-
-    [JSON Patch](http://jsonpatch.com) defines a JSON document structure for
-    expressing a sequence of operations to apply to a JSON) document. With
-    this function, a JSON Patch is applied to the current JSON value by
-    executing all operations from the patch.
-
-    @param[in] json_patch  JSON patch document
-    @return patched document
-
-    @note The application of a patch is atomic: Either all operations succeed
-          and the patched document is returned or an exception is thrown. In
-          any case, the original value is not changed: the patch is applied
-          to a copy of the value.
-
-    @throw std::out_of_range if a JSON pointer inside the patch could not
-    be resolved successfully in the current JSON value; example: `"key baz
-    not found"`
-    @throw invalid_argument if the JSON patch is malformed (e.g., mandatory
-    attributes are missing); example: `"operation add must have member path"`
-
-    @complexity Linear in the size of the JSON value and the length of the
-    JSON patch. As usually only a fraction of the JSON value is affected by
-    the patch, the complexity can usually be neglected.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON patch is applied to a
-    value.,patch}
-
-    @sa @ref diff -- create a JSON patch by comparing two JSON values
-
-    @sa [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
-    @sa [RFC 6901 (JSON Pointer)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6901)
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    basic_json patch(const basic_json& json_patch) const
-    {
-        // make a working copy to apply the patch to
-        basic_json result = *this;
-
-        // the valid JSON Patch operations
-        enum class patch_operations {add, remove, replace, move, copy, test, invalid};
-
-        const auto get_op = [](const std::string op)
-        {
-            if (op == "add")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::add;
-            }
-            if (op == "remove")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::remove;
-            }
-            if (op == "replace")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::replace;
-            }
-            if (op == "move")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::move;
-            }
-            if (op == "copy")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::copy;
-            }
-            if (op == "test")
-            {
-                return patch_operations::test;
-            }
-
-            return patch_operations::invalid;
-        };
-
-        // wrapper for "add" operation; add value at ptr
-        const auto operation_add = [&result](json_pointer & ptr, basic_json val)
-        {
-            // adding to the root of the target document means replacing it
-            if (ptr.is_root())
-            {
-                result = val;
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                // make sure the top element of the pointer exists
-                json_pointer top_pointer = ptr.top();
-                if (top_pointer != ptr)
-                {
-                    result.at(top_pointer);
-                }
-
-                // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
-                const auto last_path = ptr.pop_back();
-                basic_json& parent = result[ptr];
-
-                switch (parent.m_type)
-                {
-                    case value_t::null:
-                    case value_t::object:
-                    {
-                        // use operator[] to add value
-                        parent[last_path] = val;
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    case value_t::array:
-                    {
-                        if (last_path == "-")
-                        {
-                            // special case: append to back
-                            parent.push_back(val);
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            const auto idx = std::stoi(last_path);
-                            if (static_cast<size_type>(idx) > parent.size())
-                            {
-                                // avoid undefined behavior
-                                JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("array index " + std::to_string(idx) + " is out of range"));
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                // default case: insert add offset
-                                parent.insert(parent.begin() + static_cast<difference_type>(idx), val);
-                            }
-                        }
-                        break;
-                    }
-
-                    default:
-                    {
-                        // if there exists a parent it cannot be primitive
-                        assert(false);  // LCOV_EXCL_LINE
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        };
-
-        // wrapper for "remove" operation; remove value at ptr
-        const auto operation_remove = [&result](json_pointer & ptr)
-        {
-            // get reference to parent of JSON pointer ptr
-            const auto last_path = ptr.pop_back();
-            basic_json& parent = result.at(ptr);
-
-            // remove child
-            if (parent.is_object())
-            {
-                // perform range check
-                auto it = parent.find(last_path);
-                if (it != parent.end())
-                {
-                    parent.erase(it);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::out_of_range("key '" + last_path + "' not found"));
-                }
-            }
-            else if (parent.is_array())
-            {
-                // note erase performs range check
-                parent.erase(static_cast<size_type>(std::stoi(last_path)));
-            }
-        };
-
-        // type check
-        if (not json_patch.is_array())
-        {
-            // a JSON patch must be an array of objects
-            JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("JSON patch must be an array of objects"));
-        }
-
-        // iterate and apply the operations
-        for (const auto& val : json_patch)
-        {
-            // wrapper to get a value for an operation
-            const auto get_value = [&val](const std::string & op,
-                                          const std::string & member,
-                                          bool string_type) -> basic_json&
-            {
-                // find value
-                auto it = val.m_value.object->find(member);
-
-                // context-sensitive error message
-                const auto error_msg = (op == "op") ? "operation" : "operation '" + op + "'";
-
-                // check if desired value is present
-                if (it == val.m_value.object->end())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument(error_msg + " must have member '" + member + "'"));
-                }
-
-                // check if result is of type string
-                if (string_type and not it->second.is_string())
-                {
-                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument(error_msg + " must have string member '" + member + "'"));
-                }
-
-                // no error: return value
-                return it->second;
-            };
-
-            // type check
-            if (not val.is_object())
-            {
-                JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("JSON patch must be an array of objects"));
-            }
-
-            // collect mandatory members
-            const std::string op = get_value("op", "op", true);
-            const std::string path = get_value(op, "path", true);
-            json_pointer ptr(path);
-
-            switch (get_op(op))
-            {
-                case patch_operations::add:
-                {
-                    operation_add(ptr, get_value("add", "value", false));
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::remove:
-                {
-                    operation_remove(ptr);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::replace:
-                {
-                    // the "path" location must exist - use at()
-                    result.at(ptr) = get_value("replace", "value", false);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::move:
-                {
-                    const std::string from_path = get_value("move", "from", true);
-                    json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
-
-                    // the "from" location must exist - use at()
-                    basic_json v = result.at(from_ptr);
-
-                    // The move operation is functionally identical to a
-                    // "remove" operation on the "from" location, followed
-                    // immediately by an "add" operation at the target
-                    // location with the value that was just removed.
-                    operation_remove(from_ptr);
-                    operation_add(ptr, v);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::copy:
-                {
-                    const std::string from_path = get_value("copy", "from", true);;
-                    const json_pointer from_ptr(from_path);
-
-                    // the "from" location must exist - use at()
-                    result[ptr] = result.at(from_ptr);
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::test:
-                {
-                    bool success = false;
-                    JSON_TRY
-                    {
-                        // check if "value" matches the one at "path"
-                        // the "path" location must exist - use at()
-                        success = (result.at(ptr) == get_value("test", "value", false));
-                    }
-                    JSON_CATCH (std::out_of_range&)
-                    {
-                        // ignore out of range errors: success remains false
-                    }
-
-                    // throw an exception if test fails
-                    if (not success)
-                    {
-                        JSON_THROW(std::domain_error("unsuccessful: " + val.dump()));
-                    }
-
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case patch_operations::invalid:
-                {
-                    // op must be "add", "remove", "replace", "move", "copy", or
-                    // "test"
-                    JSON_THROW(std::invalid_argument("operation value '" + op + "' is invalid"));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /*!
-    @brief creates a diff as a JSON patch
-
-    Creates a [JSON Patch](http://jsonpatch.com) so that value @a source can
-    be changed into the value @a target by calling @ref patch function.
-
-    @invariant For two JSON values @a source and @a target, the following code
-    yields always `true`:
-    @code {.cpp}
-    source.patch(diff(source, target)) == target;
-    @endcode
-
-    @note Currently, only `remove`, `add`, and `replace` operations are
-          generated.
-
-    @param[in] source  JSON value to compare from
-    @param[in] target  JSON value to compare against
-    @param[in] path    helper value to create JSON pointers
-
-    @return a JSON patch to convert the @a source to @a target
-
-    @complexity Linear in the lengths of @a source and @a target.
-
-    @liveexample{The following code shows how a JSON patch is created as a
-    diff for two JSON values.,diff}
-
-    @sa @ref patch -- apply a JSON patch
-
-    @sa [RFC 6902 (JSON Patch)](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6902)
-
-    @since version 2.0.0
-    */
-    static basic_json diff(const basic_json& source,
-                           const basic_json& target,
-                           const std::string& path = "")
-    {
-        // the patch
-        basic_json result(value_t::array);
-
-        // if the values are the same, return empty patch
-        if (source == target)
-        {
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        if (source.type() != target.type())
-        {
-            // different types: replace value
-            result.push_back(
-            {
-                {"op", "replace"},
-                {"path", path},
-                {"value", target}
-            });
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            switch (source.type())
-            {
-                case value_t::array:
-                {
-                    // first pass: traverse common elements
-                    size_t i = 0;
-                    while (i < source.size() and i < target.size())
-                    {
-                        // recursive call to compare array values at index i
-                        auto temp_diff = diff(source[i], target[i], path + "/" + std::to_string(i));
-                        result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end());
-                        ++i;
-                    }
-
-                    // i now reached the end of at least one array
-                    // in a second pass, traverse the remaining elements
-
-                    // remove my remaining elements
-                    const auto end_index = static_cast<difference_type>(result.size());
-                    while (i < source.size())
-                    {
-                        // add operations in reverse order to avoid invalid
-                        // indices
-                        result.insert(result.begin() + end_index, object(
-                        {
-                            {"op", "remove"},
-                            {"path", path + "/" + std::to_string(i)}
-                        }));
-                        ++i;
-                    }
-
-                    // add other remaining elements
-                    while (i < target.size())
-                    {
-                        result.push_back(
-                        {
-                            {"op", "add"},
-                            {"path", path + "/" + std::to_string(i)},
-                            {"value", target[i]}
-                        });
-                        ++i;
-                    }
-
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                case value_t::object:
-                {
-                    // first pass: traverse this object's elements
-                    for (auto it = source.begin(); it != source.end(); ++it)
-                    {
-                        // escape the key name to be used in a JSON patch
-                        const auto key = json_pointer::escape(it.key());
-
-                        if (target.find(it.key()) != target.end())
-                        {
-                            // recursive call to compare object values at key it
-                            auto temp_diff = diff(it.value(), target[it.key()], path + "/" + key);
-                            result.insert(result.end(), temp_diff.begin(), temp_diff.end());
-                        }
-                        else
-                        {
-                            // found a key that is not in o -> remove it
-                            result.push_back(object(
-                            {
-                                {"op", "remove"},
-                                {"path", path + "/" + key}
-                            }));
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    // second pass: traverse other object's elements
-                    for (auto it = target.begin(); it != target.end(); ++it)
-                    {
-                        if (source.find(it.key()) == source.end())
-                        {
-                            // found a key that is not in this -> add it
-                            const auto key = json_pointer::escape(it.key());
-                            result.push_back(
-                            {
-                                {"op", "add"},
-                                {"path", path + "/" + key},
-                                {"value", it.value()}
-                            });
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    break;
-                }
-
-                default:
-                {
-                    // both primitive type: replace value
-                    result.push_back(
-                    {
-                        {"op", "replace"},
-                        {"path", path},
-                        {"value", target}
-                    });
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        return result;
-    }
-
-    /// @}
-};
-
-/////////////
-// presets //
-/////////////
-
-/*!
-@brief default JSON class
-
-This type is the default specialization of the @ref basic_json class which
-uses the standard template types.
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-using json = basic_json<>;
-} // namespace nlohmann
-
-
-///////////////////////
-// nonmember support //
-///////////////////////
-
-// specialization of std::swap, and std::hash
-namespace std
-{
-/*!
-@brief exchanges the values of two JSON objects
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-template<>
-inline void swap(nlohmann::json& j1,
-                 nlohmann::json& j2) noexcept(
-                     is_nothrow_move_constructible<nlohmann::json>::value and
-                     is_nothrow_move_assignable<nlohmann::json>::value
-                 )
-{
-    j1.swap(j2);
-}
-
-/// hash value for JSON objects
-template<>
-struct hash<nlohmann::json>
-{
-    /*!
-    @brief return a hash value for a JSON object
-
-    @since version 1.0.0
-    */
-    std::size_t operator()(const nlohmann::json& j) const
-    {
-        // a naive hashing via the string representation
-        const auto& h = hash<nlohmann::json::string_t>();
-        return h(j.dump());
-    }
-};
-} // namespace std
-
-/*!
-@brief user-defined string literal for JSON values
-
-This operator implements a user-defined string literal for JSON objects. It
-can be used by adding `"_json"` to a string literal and returns a JSON object
-if no parse error occurred.
-
-@param[in] s  a string representation of a JSON object
-@param[in] n  the length of string @a s
-@return a JSON object
-
-@since version 1.0.0
-*/
-inline nlohmann::json operator "" _json(const char* s, std::size_t n)
-{
-    return nlohmann::json::parse(s, s + n);
-}
-
-/*!
-@brief user-defined string literal for JSON pointer
-
-This operator implements a user-defined string literal for JSON Pointers. It
-can be used by adding `"_json_pointer"` to a string literal and returns a JSON pointer
-object if no parse error occurred.
-
-@param[in] s  a string representation of a JSON Pointer
-@param[in] n  the length of string @a s
-@return a JSON pointer object
-
-@since version 2.0.0
-*/
-inline nlohmann::json::json_pointer operator "" _json_pointer(const char* s, std::size_t n)
-{
-    return nlohmann::json::json_pointer(std::string(s, n));
-}
-
-// restore GCC/clang diagnostic settings
-#if defined(__clang__) || defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__GNUG__)
-    #pragma GCC diagnostic pop
-#endif
-
-// clean up
-#undef JSON_CATCH
-#undef JSON_DEPRECATED
-#undef JSON_THROW
-#undef JSON_TRY
-
-#endif
diff --git a/protocol/ivi-wm.xml b/protocol/ivi-wm.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index da45c7e..0000000
--- a/protocol/ivi-wm.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,608 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-<protocol name="ivi_wm">
-
-  <copyright>
-    Copyright (C) 2017 Advanced Driver Information Technology Joint Venture GmbH
-
-    Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
-    of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
-    in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
-    to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
-    copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
-    furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
-
-    The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
-    all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-    THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-    IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
-    FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
-    AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
-    LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
-    OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
-    THE SOFTWARE.
-  </copyright>
-
-  <interface name="ivi_wm_screen" version="1">
-    <description summary="controller interface to screen in ivi compositor"/>
-
-    <request name="destroy" type="destructor">
-      <description summary="destroy ivi_wm_screen">
-        Request to destroy the ivi_wm_screen.
-      </description>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="clear">
-      <description summary="remove all layers from screen render order">
-        A screen has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for layers.
-        This request removes all layers from the screen render order.
-        Note: the layers are not destroyed, they are just no longer contained by
-        the screen.
-      </description>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="add_layer">
-      <description summary="add a layer to screen render order at nearest z-position">
-        A screen has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for layers.
-        This request adds a layers to the topmost position of the screen render order.
-        The added layer will cover all other layers of the screen.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="remove_layer">
-      <description summary="remove a layer to screen render order">
-        A screen has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for layers.
-        This request removes a layer.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="screenshot">
-     <description summary="take screenshot of screen">
-        An ivi_screenshot object is created which will receive the screenshot
-        data of the specified output.
-     </description>
-     <arg name="screenshot" type="new_id" interface="ivi_screenshot"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="get">
-      <description summary="get a parameter of a screen in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor sends the requested parameter.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="param" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <event name="screen_id">
-      <description summary="advertise server side id of the ivi-screen">
-        Sent immediately after creating the ivi_wm_screen object.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_added">
-      <description summary="update render order of the screen">
-        A layer is added to the render order lisf of the screen
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="connector_name">
-      <description summary="advertise connector name of the corresponding output">
-        Sent immediately after creating the ivi_wm_screen object.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="process_name" type="string"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <enum name="error">
-       <entry name="no_layer" value="0"
-              summary="the layer with given id does not exist"/>
-       <entry name="no_screen" value="1"
-              summary="the output is already destroyed"/>
-       <entry name="bad_param" value="2"
-              summary="the given parameter is not valid"/>
-     </enum>
-
-     <event name="error">
-       <description summary="error event">
-         The error event is sent out when an error has occurred.
-       </description>
-       <arg name="error" type="uint" summary="error code"/>
-       <arg name="message" type="string" summary="error description"/>
-     </event>
-  </interface>
-
-  <interface name="ivi_screenshot" version="1">
-    <description summary="screenshot of an output or a surface">
-      An ivi_screenshot object receives a single "done" or "error" event.
-      The server will destroy this resource after the event has been send,
-      so the client shall then destroy its proxy too.
-    </description>
-
-    <event name="done">
-      <description summary="screenshot finished">
-        This event contains a filedescriptor for a file with raw image data.
-        Furthermore size, stride, format and timestamp of screenshot are
-        provided.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="fd" type="fd" summary="fd for file containing image data"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int" summary="image width in pixels"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int" summary="image height in pixels"/>
-      <arg name="stride" type="int" summary="number of bytes per pixel row"/>
-      <arg name="format" type="uint" summary="image format of type wl_shm.format"/>
-      <arg name="timestamp" type="uint" summary="timestamp in milliseconds"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <enum name="error">
-      <entry name="io_error" value="0"
-             summary="screenshot file could not be created"/>
-      <entry name="not_supported" value="1"
-             summary="screenshot can not be read"/>
-      <entry name="no_output" value="2"
-             summary="output has been destroyed"/>
-      <entry name="no_surface" value="3"
-             summary="surface has been destroyed"/>
-      <entry name="no_content" value="4"
-             summary="surface has no content"/>
-    </enum>
-
-    <event name="error">
-      <description summary="error event">
-        The error event is sent when the screenshot could not be created.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="error" type="uint" enum="error" summary="error code"/>
-      <arg name="message" type="string" summary="error description"/>
-    </event>
-  </interface>
-
-  <interface name="ivi_wm" version="1">
-    <description summary="interface for ivi managers to use ivi compositor features"/>
-
-    <request name="commit_changes">
-      <description summary="commit all changes requested by client">
-        All requests are not applied directly to scene object, so a controller
-        can set different properties and apply the changes all at once.
-        Note: there's an exception to this. Creation and destruction of
-        scene objects is executed immediately.
-      </description>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="create_screen">
-      <description summary="create a screen in ivi-compositor">
-        Ask the ivi-wm to create a ivi-screen for given wl_output.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="output" type="object" interface="wl_output"/>
-      <arg name="id" type="new_id" interface="ivi_wm_screen" summary="the new ivi-screen"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_surface_visibility">
-      <description summary="set the visibility of a surface in ivi compositor">
-        If visibility argument is 0, the surface in the ivi compositor is set to invisible.
-        If visibility argument is not 0, the surface in the ivi compositor is set to visible.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="visibility" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_layer_visibility">
-      <description summary="set visibility of layer in ivi compositor">
-        If visibility argument is 0, the layer in the ivi compositor is set to invisible.
-        If visibility argument is not 0, the layer in the ivi compositor is set to visible.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="visibility" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_surface_opacity">
-      <description summary="set the opacity of a surface in ivi compositor">
-        The valid range for opacity is 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque).
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="opacity" type="fixed"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_layer_opacity">
-      <description summary="set opacity of layer in ivi compositor">
-        The valid range for opacity is 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque).
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="opacity" type="fixed"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_surface_source_rectangle">
-      <description summary="set the scanout area of a surface in ivi compositor">
-        The source rectangle defines the part of the surface content, that is used for
-        compositing the surface. It can be used, if valid content of the surface is smaller
-        than the surface. Effectively it can be used to zoom the content of the surface.
-        If a parameter is less than 0, that value is not changed.
-        x:      horizontal start position of scanout area within the surface
-        y:      vertical start position of scanout area within the surface
-        width:  width of scanout area within the surface
-        height: height of scanout area within the surface
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_layer_source_rectangle">
-      <description summary="set the scanout area of a layer in ivi compositor">
-        The source rectangle defines the part of the layer content, that is used for
-        compositing the screen. It can be used, if valid content of the layer is smaller
-        than the layer. Effectively it can be used to zoom the content of the layer.
-        If a parameter is less than 0, that value is not changed.
-        x:      horizontal start position of scanout area within the layer
-        y:      vertical start position of scanout area within the layer
-        width:  width of scanout area within the layer
-        height: height of scanout area within the layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_surface_destination_rectangle">
-      <description summary="Set the destination area of a surface within a layer">
-        The destination rectangle defines the position and size of a surface on a layer.
-        The surface will be scaled to this rectangle for rendering.
-        If a parameter is less than 0, that value is not changed.
-        x:      horizontal start position of surface within the layer
-        y:      vertical start position of surface within the layer
-        width : width of surface within the layer
-        height: height of surface within the layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="set_layer_destination_rectangle">
-      <description summary="Set the destination area of a layer within a screen">
-        The destination rectangle defines the position and size of a layer on a screen.
-        The layer will be scaled to this rectangle for rendering.
-        If a parameter is less than 0, that value is not changed.
-        x:      horizontal start position of layer within the screen
-        y:      vertical start position of layer within the screen
-        width : width of surface within the screen
-        height: height of surface within the screen
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <enum name="sync">
-      <description summary="sync request states">
-      </description>
-      <entry name="add"  value="0"/>
-      <entry name="remove" value="1"/>
-    </enum>
-
-    <request name="surface_sync">
-      <description summary="request to synchronize of a surface in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor sends the properties of the surface.
-        If sync_state argument is 0, compositor sends the properties continously.
-        If sync_state argument is not 0, compositor stops sending the properties
-        continously.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="sync_state" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="layer_sync">
-      <description summary="request to synchronize of a layer in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor sends the properties of the layer.
-        If sync_state argument is 0, compositor sends the properties continously.
-        If sync_state argument is not 0, compositor stops sending the properties
-        continously.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="sync_state" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <enum name="param" bitfield="true">
-      <description summary="parameter types">
-          The HMI controller can request different types of parameters of an
-          ivi-object.
-      </description>
-      <entry name="opacity"   value="1"/>
-      <entry name="visibility"  value="2"/>
-      <entry name="size" value="4"/>
-      <entry name="render_order" value="8"/>
-    </enum>
-
-    <request name="surface_get">
-      <description summary="get a parameter of an ivi_layout_surface in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor sends the requested parameter.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="param" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="layer_get">
-      <description summary="get a parameter of an ivi_layout_layer in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor sends the requested parameter.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="param" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="surface_screenshot">
-      <description summary="take screenshot of surface">
-        An ivi_screenshot object is created which will receive an image of the
-        buffer currently attached to the surface with the given id. If there
-        is no surface with such name the server will respond with an
-        ivi_screenshot.error event.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="screenshot" type="new_id" interface="ivi_screenshot"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <enum name="surface_type">
-      <description summary="hint for the compositor">
-        If a surface is restricted type, visible contents of the surface is strictly
-        controlled by the compositor. Its content is not allowed to be go out of
-        its destination region. If the application resizes its buffers or uses
-        wp_viewporter protocol to scale its contents, the old destination region
-        would causes visible glitches.
-        To avoid these issues, the controller process mark a surface as desktop
-        compatible. Source and destination regions of a desktop compatible
-        surface will be modified accordingly,when application sends a request
-        for resizing or scaling its contents. Therefore, applications contents
-        will be drawn according to application's wishes.
-        On the other hand, source and destination regions will be strictly
-        enforced, when the surface's type is restricted. The default type for
-        a surface is ivi.
-      </description>
-      <entry name="restricted"  value="0" summary="strictly controlled"/>
-      <entry name="desktop"  value="1" summary="free to resize and scale"/>
-    </enum>
-
-    <request name="set_surface_type">
-      <description summary="request to set a type for the surface in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor changes the type of the surface.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="type" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="layer_clear">
-      <description summary="remove all surfaces from layer render order">
-        A layer has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for surfaces.
-        This request removes all surfaces from the layer render order.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="layer_add_surface">
-      <description summary="add a surface to layer render order at nearest z-position">
-        A layer has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for surfaces.
-        This request adds a surface to the topmost position of the layer render order.
-        The added surface will cover all other surfaces of the layer.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="layer_remove_surface">
-      <description summary="remove a surface from layer render order">
-        A layer has no content assigned to itself, it is a container for surfaces.
-        This request removes one surfaces from the layer render order.
-        Note: the surface is not destroyed, it is just no longer contained by
-        the layer.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="create_layout_layer">
-      <description summary="create an ivi_layout_layer in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor creates an ivi_layout_layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <request name="destroy_layout_layer">
-      <description summary="destroy an ivi_layout_layer in ivi compositor">
-        After this request, compositor destroyes an existing ivi_layout_layer.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </request>
-
-    <event name="surface_visibility">
-      <description summary="the visibility of the surface in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new visibility state is provided in argument visibility.
-        If visibility is 0, the surface has become invisible.
-        If visibility is not 0, the surface has become visible.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="visibility" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_visibility">
-      <description summary="the visibility of the layer in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new visibility state is provided in argument visibility.
-        If visibility is 0, the layer has become invisible.
-        If visibility is not 0, the layer has become visible.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="visibility" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_opacity">
-      <description summary="the opacity of surface in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new opacity state is provided in argument opacity.
-        The valid range for opactiy is 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque).
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="opacity" type="fixed"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_opacity">
-      <description summary="the opacity of layer in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new opacity state is provided in argument opacity.
-        The valid range for opactiy is 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0 (fully opaque).
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="opacity" type="fixed"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_source_rectangle">
-      <description summary="the source rectangle of surface in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The scanout region of the surface content has changed.
-        The new values for source rectangle are provided by
-        x:      new horizontal start position of scanout area within the surface
-        y:      new vertical start position of scanout area within the surface
-        width:  new width of scanout area within the surface
-        height: new height of scanout area within the surface
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_source_rectangle">
-      <description summary="the source rectangle of layer in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The scanout region of the layer content has changed.
-        The new values for source rectangle are provided by
-        x:      new horizontal start position of scanout area within the layer
-        y:      new vertical start position of scanout area within the layer
-        width:  new width of scanout area within the layer
-        height: new height of scanout area within the layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_destination_rectangle">
-      <description summary="the destination rectangle of surface in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new values for source rectangle are provided by
-        x:      new horizontal start position of surface within the layer
-        y:      new vertical start position of surface within the layer
-        width : new width of surface within the layer
-        height: new height of surface within the layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_destination_rectangle">
-      <description summary="the destination rectangle of layer in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The new values for source rectangle are provided by
-        x:      new horizontal start position of layer within the screen
-        y:      new vertical start position of layer within the screen
-        width : new width of layer within the screen
-        height: new height of layer within the screen
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="x" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="y" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_created">
-      <description summary="ivi_layout_surface was created"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_created">
-      <description summary="ivi_layout_layer was created"/>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_destroyed">
-      <description summary="ivi_layout_surface was destroyed"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_destroyed">
-      <description summary="ivi_layout_layer was destroyed"/>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <enum name="surface_error">
-       <entry name="no_surface" value="0"
-              summary="the surface with given id does not exist"/>
-       <entry name="bad_param" value="1"
-              summary="the given parameter is not valid"/>
-       <entry name="not_supported" value="2"
-              summary="the request is not supported"/>
-     </enum>
-
-     <event name="surface_error">
-       <description summary="error event">
-         The error event is sent out when an error has occurred.
-       </description>
-       <arg name="object_id" type="uint" summary="id of a layer or surface"/>
-       <arg name="error" type="uint" summary="error code"/>
-       <arg name="message" type="string" summary="error description"/>
-     </event>
-
-    <enum name="layer_error">
-       <entry name="no_surface" value="0"
-              summary="the surface with given id does not exist"/>
-       <entry name="no_layer" value="1"
-              summary="the layer with given id does not exist"/>
-       <entry name="bad_param" value="2"
-              summary="the given parameter is not valid"/>
-     </enum>
-
-     <event name="layer_error">
-       <description summary="error event">
-         The error event is sent out when an error has occurred.
-       </description>
-       <arg name="object_id" type="uint" summary="id of a layer or surface"/>
-       <arg name="error" type="uint" summary="error code"/>
-       <arg name="message" type="string" summary="error description"/>
-     </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_size">
-      <description summary="the surface size in ivi compositor has changed">
-        The client providing content for this surface modified size of the surface.
-        The modified surface size is provided by arguments width and height.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="width" type="int"/>
-      <arg name="height" type="int"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="surface_stats">
-      <description summary="receive updated statistics for surface in ivi compositor">
-        The information contained in this event is essential for monitoring, debugging,
-        logging and tracing support in IVI systems.
-      </description>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="frame_count" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="pid" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-
-    <event name="layer_surface_added">
-      <description summary="update render order of the layer">
-        A surface is added to the render order of the layer
-      </description>
-      <arg name="layer_id" type="uint"/>
-      <arg name="surface_id" type="uint"/>
-    </event>
-  </interface>
-
-</protocol>
-
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 223dd33..d8f1143 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -14,10 +14,9 @@
 # limitations under the License.
 #
 
-wlproto(IVI_CON ivi-wm)
-
 include(FindPkgConfig)
 pkg_check_modules(AFB REQUIRED afb-daemon)
+pkg_check_modules(ILM REQUIRED ilmControl ilmCommon)
 pkg_check_modules(SD REQUIRED libsystemd>=222)
 
 # We do not want a prefix for our module
@@ -27,23 +26,22 @@ set(TARGETS_WM windowmanager-service)
 
 add_library(${TARGETS_WM} MODULE
    main.cpp
-   wayland_ivi_wm.cpp
    util.cpp
-   layout.cpp
-   ${IVI_CON_PROTO}
    json_helper.cpp
+   applist.cpp
+   request.cpp
+   pm_wrapper.cpp
    window_manager.cpp
-   wm_layer.cpp
    wm_client.cpp
    wm_error.cpp
-   applist.cpp
-   request.cpp
-   pm_wrapper.cpp)
+   wm_layer.cpp
+   wm_layer_control.cpp)
 
 target_include_directories(${TARGETS_WM}
     PRIVATE
         ${AFB_INCLUDE_DIRS}
         ${SD_INCLUDE_DIRS}
+        ${ILM_INCLUDE_DIRS}
         ../include
         ../src
         ../${PLUGIN_PM})
@@ -52,6 +50,7 @@ target_link_libraries(${TARGETS_WM}
     PRIVATE
         ${AFB_LIBRARIES}
         ${WLC_LIBRARIES}
+        ${ILM_LIBRARIES}
         ${SD_LIBRARIES}
         ${PLUGIN_PM})
 
diff --git a/src/controller_hooks.hpp b/src/controller_hooks.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index dd0a3aa..0000000
--- a/src/controller_hooks.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef TMCAGLWM_CONTROLLER_HOOKS_HPP
-#define TMCAGLWM_CONTROLLER_HOOKS_HPP
-
-#include <cstdint>
-
-#include <functional>
-
-namespace wm
-{
-
-class WindowManager;
-
-struct controller_hooks
-{
-    WindowManager *wmgr;
-
-    void surface_created(uint32_t surface_id);
-    void surface_removed(uint32_t surface_id);
-    void surface_visibility(uint32_t surface_id, uint32_t v);
-    void surface_destination_rectangle(uint32_t surface_id, uint32_t x, uint32_t y, uint32_t w, uint32_t h);
-};
-
-} // namespace wm
-
-#endif // TMCAGLWM_CONTROLLER_HOOKS_HPP
diff --git a/src/json_helper.cpp b/src/json_helper.cpp
index cf13363..72ae36a 100644
--- a/src/json_helper.cpp
+++ b/src/json_helper.cpp
@@ -17,66 +17,6 @@
 #include "json_helper.hpp"
 #include "util.hpp"
 
-json_object *to_json(compositor::surface_properties const &s)
-{
-    // auto j = json::object({
-    auto j = json_object_new_object();
-
-    //    {"id", s.id},
-    json_object_object_add(j, "id", json_object_new_int(s.id));
-
-    //    {"size", {{"width", s.size.w}, {"height", s.size.h}}},
-    auto jsize = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(jsize, "width", json_object_new_int(s.size.w));
-    json_object_object_add(jsize, "height", json_object_new_int(s.size.h));
-    json_object_object_add(j, "size", jsize);
-
-    //    {"dst",
-    //     {{"width", s.dst_rect.w},
-    //      {"height", s.dst_rect.h},
-    //      {"x", s.dst_rect.x},
-    //      {"y", s.dst_rect.y}}},
-    auto jdst = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(jdst, "width", json_object_new_int(s.dst_rect.w));
-    json_object_object_add(jdst, "height", json_object_new_int(s.dst_rect.h));
-    json_object_object_add(jdst, "x", json_object_new_int(s.dst_rect.x));
-    json_object_object_add(jdst, "y", json_object_new_int(s.dst_rect.y));
-    json_object_object_add(j, "dst", jdst);
-
-    //    {"src",
-    //     {{"width", s.src_rect.w},
-    //      {"height", s.src_rect.h},
-    //      {"x", s.src_rect.x},
-    //      {"y", s.src_rect.y}}},
-    auto jsrc = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(jsrc, "width", json_object_new_int(s.src_rect.w));
-    json_object_object_add(jsrc, "height", json_object_new_int(s.src_rect.h));
-    json_object_object_add(jsrc, "x", json_object_new_int(s.src_rect.x));
-    json_object_object_add(jsrc, "y", json_object_new_int(s.src_rect.y));
-    json_object_object_add(j, "src", jsrc);
-
-    //    {"visibility", s.visibility},
-    json_object_object_add(
-        j, "visibility",
-        json_object_new_boolean(static_cast<json_bool>(s.visibility == 1)));
-
-    //    {"opacity", s.opacity},
-    json_object_object_add(j, "opacity", json_object_new_double(s.opacity));
-
-    //    {"orientation", s.orientation},
-    json_object_object_add(j, "orientation", json_object_new_int(s.orientation));
-
-    // });
-    return j;
-}
-
-json_object *to_json(compositor::screen const *s)
-{
-    auto o = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(o, "id", json_object_new_int(s->id));
-    return o;
-}
-
 template <typename T>
 json_object *to_json_(T const &s)
 {
@@ -93,11 +33,6 @@ json_object *to_json_(T const &s)
     return a;
 }
 
-json_object *to_json(compositor::controller::props_map const &s)
-{
-    return to_json_(s);
-}
-
 json_object *to_json(std::vector<uint32_t> const &v)
 {
     auto a = json_object_new_array();
diff --git a/src/json_helper.hpp b/src/json_helper.hpp
index 2321f8b..6ccbcc1 100644
--- a/src/json_helper.hpp
+++ b/src/json_helper.hpp
@@ -19,12 +19,9 @@
 
 #include <json-c/json.h>
 #include <vector>
-#include "wayland_ivi_wm.hpp"
 
 struct json_object;
 
-json_object *to_json(compositor::screen const *s);
-json_object *to_json(compositor::controller::props_map const &s);
 json_object *to_json(std::vector<uint32_t> const &v);
 
 namespace jh {
diff --git a/src/layout.cpp b/src/layout.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index fbf2baa..0000000
--- a/src/layout.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include "layout.hpp"
diff --git a/src/layout.hpp b/src/layout.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 3430ef3..0000000
--- a/src/layout.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef TMCAGLWM_LAYOUT_HPP
-#define TMCAGLWM_LAYOUT_HPP
-
-namespace wm
-{
-
-struct LayoutState
-{
-    int main{-1};
-    int sub{-1};
-
-    bool operator==(const LayoutState &b) const
-    {
-        return main == b.main && sub == b.sub;
-    }
-
-    bool operator!=(const LayoutState &b) const
-    {
-        return !(*this == b);
-    }
-};
-
-} // namespace wm
-
-#endif // TMCAGLWM_LAYOUT_HPP
diff --git a/src/main.cpp b/src/main.cpp
index d9f0302..36577fe 100644
--- a/src/main.cpp
+++ b/src/main.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include <json.h>
 #include "window_manager.hpp"
 #include "json_helper.hpp"
-#include "wayland_ivi_wm.hpp"
 
 extern "C"
 {
@@ -41,10 +40,10 @@ typedef struct WMClientCtxt
 
 struct afb_instance
 {
-    std::unique_ptr<wl::display> display;
     wm::WindowManager wmgr;
 
-    afb_instance() : display{new wl::display}, wmgr{this->display.get()} {}
+    afb_instance() : wmgr() {}
+    ~afb_instance() = default;
 
     int init();
 };
@@ -57,78 +56,11 @@ int afb_instance::init()
     return this->wmgr.init();
 }
 
-int display_event_callback(sd_event_source *evs, int /*fd*/, uint32_t events,
-                           void * /*data*/)
-{
-    if ((events & EPOLLHUP) != 0)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("The compositor hung up, dying now.");
-        delete g_afb_instance;
-        g_afb_instance = nullptr;
-        goto error;
-    }
-
-    if ((events & EPOLLIN) != 0u)
-    {
-        {
-            g_afb_instance->wmgr.display->read_events();
-            g_afb_instance->wmgr.set_pending_events();
-        }
-        {
-            // We want do dispatch pending wayland events from within
-            // the API context
-            afb_service_call("windowmanager", "ping", json_object_new_object(),
-                            [](void *c, int st, json_object *j) {
-                            },
-                            nullptr);
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-
-error:
-    sd_event_source_unref(evs);
-    if (getenv("WINMAN_EXIT_ON_HANGUP") != nullptr)
-    {
-        exit(1);
-    }
-    return -1;
-}
-
 int _binding_init()
 {
     HMI_NOTICE("WinMan ver. %s", WINMAN_VERSION_STRING);
 
-    if (g_afb_instance != nullptr)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("Wayland context already initialized?");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    if (getenv("XDG_RUNTIME_DIR") == nullptr)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("Environment variable XDG_RUNTIME_DIR not set");
-        goto error;
-    }
-
-    {
-        // wait until wayland compositor starts up.
-        int cnt = 0;
-        g_afb_instance = new afb_instance;
-        while (!g_afb_instance->display->ok())
-        {
-            cnt++;
-            if (20 <= cnt)
-            {
-                HMI_ERROR("Could not connect to compositor");
-                goto error;
-            }
-            HMI_ERROR("Wait to start weston ...");
-            sleep(1);
-            delete g_afb_instance;
-            g_afb_instance = new afb_instance;
-        }
-    }
+    g_afb_instance = new afb_instance;
 
     if (g_afb_instance->init() == -1)
     {
@@ -136,17 +68,6 @@ int _binding_init()
         goto error;
     }
 
-    {
-        int ret = sd_event_add_io(afb_daemon_get_event_loop(), nullptr,
-                                  g_afb_instance->display->get_fd(), EPOLLIN,
-                                  display_event_callback, g_afb_instance);
-        if (ret < 0)
-        {
-            HMI_ERROR("Could not initialize afb_instance event handler: %d", -ret);
-            goto error;
-        }
-    }
-
     atexit([] { delete g_afb_instance; });
 
     return 0;
@@ -511,10 +432,9 @@ void windowmanager_wm_subscribe(afb_req req) noexcept
             afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Need char const* argument event");
             return;
         }
-        int event_type = json_object_get_int(j);
-        const char *event_name = g_afb_instance->wmgr.kListEventName[event_type];
-        struct afb_event event = g_afb_instance->wmgr.map_afb_event[event_name];
-        int ret = afb_req_subscribe(req, event);
+        int event_id = json_object_get_int(j);
+        int ret = g_afb_instance->wmgr.api_subscribe(req, event_id);
+
         if (ret)
         {
             afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Error: afb_req_subscribe()");
@@ -531,7 +451,8 @@ void windowmanager_wm_subscribe(afb_req req) noexcept
 
 void windowmanager_list_drawing_names(afb_req req) noexcept
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+    /* std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+
     if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
     {
         afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Binding not initialized, did the compositor die?");
@@ -555,36 +476,30 @@ void windowmanager_list_drawing_names(afb_req req) noexcept
     {
         afb_req_fail_f(req, "failed", "Uncaught exception while calling list_drawing_names: %s", e.what());
         return;
-    }
+    } */
+    afb_req_success(req, NULL, "not-implemented");
 }
 
 void windowmanager_ping(afb_req req) noexcept
 {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+
     if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
     {
         afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Binding not initialized, did the compositor die?");
         return;
     }
-
-    try
+    else
     {
-
-        g_afb_instance->wmgr.api_ping();
-
         afb_req_success(req, NULL, "success");
     }
-    catch (std::exception &e)
-    {
-        afb_req_fail_f(req, "failed", "Uncaught exception while calling ping: %s", e.what());
-        return;
-    }
 }
 
 void windowmanager_debug_status(afb_req req) noexcept
 {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
-    if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
+
+    /* if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
     {
         afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Binding not initialized, did the compositor die?");
         return;
@@ -604,12 +519,14 @@ void windowmanager_debug_status(afb_req req) noexcept
     {
         afb_req_fail_f(req, "failed", "Uncaught exception while calling debug_status: %s", e.what());
         return;
-    }
+    } */
+    afb_req_fail(req, NULL, "not-implemented");
 }
 
 void windowmanager_debug_layers(afb_req req) noexcept
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+    /* std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+
     if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
     {
         afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Binding not initialized, did the compositor die?");
@@ -626,12 +543,14 @@ void windowmanager_debug_layers(afb_req req) noexcept
     {
         afb_req_fail_f(req, "failed", "Uncaught exception while calling debug_layers: %s", e.what());
         return;
-    }
+    } */
+    afb_req_fail(req, NULL, "not-implemented");
 }
 
 void windowmanager_debug_surfaces(afb_req req) noexcept
 {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+    /* std::lock_guard<std::mutex> guard(binding_m);
+
     if (g_afb_instance == nullptr)
     {
         afb_req_fail(req, "failed", "Binding not initialized, did the compositor die?");
@@ -654,7 +573,8 @@ void windowmanager_debug_surfaces(afb_req req) noexcept
     {
         afb_req_fail_f(req, "failed", "Uncaught exception while calling debug_surfaces: %s", e.what());
         return;
-    }
+    } */
+    afb_req_fail(req, NULL, "not-implemented");
 }
 
 void windowmanager_debug_terminate(afb_req req) noexcept
diff --git a/src/util.hpp b/src/util.hpp
index 812a130..077f212 100644
--- a/src/util.hpp
+++ b/src/util.hpp
@@ -52,24 +52,15 @@ void _HMI_LOG(enum LOG_LEVEL level, const char* file, const char* func, const in
 void _HMI_SEQ_LOG(enum LOG_LEVEL level, const char* file, const char* func, const int line, unsigned seq_num, const char* log, ...);
 void _DUMP(enum LOG_LEVEL level, const char *log, ...);
 
-/**
- * @struct unique_fd
- */
-struct unique_fd
+struct rect
 {
-    int fd{-1};
-    unique_fd() = default;
-    explicit unique_fd(int f) : fd{f} {}
-    operator int() const { return fd; }
-    ~unique_fd();
-    unique_fd(unique_fd const &) = delete;
-    unique_fd &operator=(unique_fd const &) = delete;
-    unique_fd(unique_fd &&o) : fd(o.fd) { o.fd = -1; }
-    unique_fd &operator=(unique_fd &&o)
-    {
-        std::swap(this->fd, o.fd);
-        return *this;
-    }
+    int32_t w, h;
+    int32_t x, y;
+};
+
+struct size
+{
+    uint32_t w, h;
 };
 
 class rectangle
diff --git a/src/wayland_ivi_wm.cpp b/src/wayland_ivi_wm.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index bbf745b..0000000
--- a/src/wayland_ivi_wm.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,721 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#include "wayland_ivi_wm.hpp"
-
-/**
- * namespace wl
- */
-namespace wl
-{
-
-/**
- * display
- */
-display::display()
-    : d(std::unique_ptr<struct wl_display, void (*)(struct wl_display *)>(
-          wl_display_connect(nullptr), &wl_display_disconnect)),
-      r(d.get()) {}
-
-bool display::ok() const { return d && wl_display_get_error(d.get()) == 0; }
-
-void display::roundtrip() { wl_display_roundtrip(this->d.get()); }
-
-int display::dispatch() { return wl_display_dispatch(this->d.get()); }
-
-int display::dispatch_pending() { return wl_display_dispatch_pending(this->d.get()); }
-
-int display::read_events()
-{
-    while (wl_display_prepare_read(this->d.get()) == -1)
-    {
-        if (wl_display_dispatch_pending(this->d.get()) == -1)
-        {
-            return -1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (wl_display_flush(this->d.get()) == -1)
-    {
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if (wl_display_read_events(this->d.get()) == -1)
-    {
-        wl_display_cancel_read(this->d.get());
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-void display::flush() { wl_display_flush(this->d.get()); }
-
-int display::get_fd() const { return wl_display_get_fd(this->d.get()); }
-
-int display::get_error() { return wl_display_get_error(this->d.get()); }
-
-/**
- * registry
- */
-namespace
-{
-void registry_global_created(void *data, struct wl_registry * /*r*/, uint32_t name,
-                             char const *iface, uint32_t v)
-{
-    static_cast<struct registry *>(data)->global_created(name, iface, v);
-}
-
-void registry_global_removed(void *data, struct wl_registry * /*r*/,
-                             uint32_t name)
-{
-    static_cast<struct registry *>(data)->global_removed(name);
-}
-
-constexpr struct wl_registry_listener registry_listener = {
-    registry_global_created, registry_global_removed};
-} // namespace
-
-registry::registry(struct wl_display *d)
-    : wayland_proxy(d == nullptr ? nullptr : wl_display_get_registry(d))
-{
-    if (this->proxy != nullptr)
-    {
-        wl_registry_add_listener(this->proxy.get(), &registry_listener, this);
-    }
-}
-
-void registry::add_global_handler(char const *iface, binder bind)
-{
-    this->bindings[iface] = std::move(bind);
-}
-
-void registry::global_created(uint32_t name, char const *iface, uint32_t v)
-{
-    auto b = this->bindings.find(iface);
-    if (b != this->bindings.end())
-    {
-        b->second(this->proxy.get(), name, v);
-    }
-    HMI_DEBUG("wl::registry @ %p global n %u i %s v %u", this->proxy.get(), name,
-              iface, v);
-}
-
-void registry::global_removed(uint32_t /*name*/) {}
-
-/**
- * output
- */
-namespace
-{
-void output_geometry(void *data, struct wl_output * /*wl_output*/, int32_t x,
-                     int32_t y, int32_t physical_width, int32_t physical_height,
-                     int32_t subpixel, const char *make, const char *model,
-                     int32_t transform)
-{
-    static_cast<struct output *>(data)->geometry(
-        x, y, physical_width, physical_height, subpixel, make, model, transform);
-}
-
-void output_mode(void *data, struct wl_output * /*wl_output*/, uint32_t flags,
-                 int32_t width, int32_t height, int32_t refresh)
-{
-    static_cast<struct output *>(data)->mode(flags, width, height, refresh);
-}
-
-void output_done(void *data, struct wl_output * /*wl_output*/)
-{
-    static_cast<struct output *>(data)->done();
-}
-
-void output_scale(void *data, struct wl_output * /*wl_output*/,
-                  int32_t factor)
-{
-    static_cast<struct output *>(data)->scale(factor);
-}
-
-constexpr struct wl_output_listener output_listener = {
-    output_geometry, output_mode, output_done, output_scale};
-} // namespace
-
-output::output(struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t v)
-    : wayland_proxy(wl_registry_bind(r, name, &wl_output_interface, v))
-{
-    wl_output_add_listener(this->proxy.get(), &output_listener, this);
-}
-
-void output::geometry(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t pw, int32_t ph,
-                      int32_t subpel, char const *make, char const *model,
-                      int32_t tx)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("wl::output %s @ %p x %i y %i w %i h %i spel %x make %s model %s tx %i",
-              __func__, this->proxy.get(), x, y, pw, ph, subpel, make, model, tx);
-    this->physical_width = pw;
-    this->physical_height = ph;
-    this->transform = tx;
-}
-
-void output::mode(uint32_t flags, int32_t w, int32_t h, int32_t r)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("wl::output %s @ %p f %x w %i h %i r %i", __func__,
-              this->proxy.get(), flags, w, h, r);
-    if ((flags & WL_OUTPUT_MODE_CURRENT) != 0u)
-    {
-        this->width = w;
-        this->height = h;
-        this->refresh = r;
-    }
-}
-
-void output::done()
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("wl::output %s @ %p done", __func__, this->proxy.get());
-    // Pivot and flipped
-    if (this->transform == WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_90 ||
-        this->transform == WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_270 ||
-        this->transform == WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_FLIPPED_90 ||
-        this->transform == WL_OUTPUT_TRANSFORM_FLIPPED_270)
-    {
-        std::swap(this->width, this->height);
-        std::swap(this->physical_width, this->physical_height);
-    }
-}
-
-void output::scale(int32_t factor)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("wl::output %s @ %p f %i", __func__, this->proxy.get(), factor);
-}
-} // namespace wl
-
-/**
- * namespace compositor
- */
-namespace compositor
-{
-
-namespace
-{
-
-void surface_visibility_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-    uint32_t surface_id, int32_t visibility)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_visibility_changed(surface_id, visibility);
-}
-
-void surface_opacity_changed(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                             uint32_t surface_id, wl_fixed_t opacity)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_opacity_changed(surface_id, float(wl_fixed_to_double(opacity)));
-}
-
-void surface_source_rectangle_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t surface_id,
-    int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_source_rectangle_changed(surface_id, x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void surface_destination_rectangle_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t surface_id,
-    int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_destination_rectangle_changed(surface_id, x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void surface_created(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                     uint32_t id_surface)
-{
-    static_cast<struct controller *>(data)->surface_created(id_surface);
-}
-
-void surface_destroyed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_destroyed(surface_id);
-}
-
-void surface_error_detected(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t object_id,
-                            uint32_t error_code, const char *error_text)
-{
-    static_cast<struct controller *>(data)->surface_error_detected(
-        object_id, error_code, error_text);
-}
-
-void surface_size_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t surface_id,
-    int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_size_changed(surface_id, width, height);
-}
-
-void surface_stats_received(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                            uint32_t surface_id, uint32_t frame_count, uint32_t pid)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_stats_received(surface_id, frame_count, pid);
-}
-
-void surface_added_to_layer(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                            uint32_t layer_id, uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->surface_added_to_layer(layer_id, surface_id);
-}
-
-void layer_visibility_changed(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                              uint32_t layer_id, int32_t visibility)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->layer_visibility_changed(layer_id, visibility);
-}
-
-void layer_opacity_changed(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                           uint32_t layer_id, wl_fixed_t opacity)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->layer_opacity_changed(layer_id, float(wl_fixed_to_double(opacity)));
-}
-
-void layer_source_rectangle_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t layer_id,
-    int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->layer_source_rectangle_changed(layer_id, x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void layer_destination_rectangle_changed(
-    void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t layer_id,
-    int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->layer_destination_rectangle_changed(layer_id, x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void layer_created(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/,
-                   uint32_t id_layer)
-{
-    static_cast<struct controller *>(data)->layer_created(id_layer);
-}
-
-void layer_destroyed(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t layer_id)
-{
-    auto c = static_cast<struct controller *>(data);
-    c->layer_destroyed(layer_id);
-}
-
-void layer_error_detected(void *data, struct ivi_wm * /*ivi_wm*/, uint32_t object_id,
-                          uint32_t error_code, const char *error_text)
-{
-    static_cast<struct controller *>(data)->layer_error_detected(
-        object_id, error_code, error_text);
-}
-
-constexpr struct ivi_wm_listener listener = {
-    surface_visibility_changed,
-    layer_visibility_changed,
-    surface_opacity_changed,
-    layer_opacity_changed,
-    surface_source_rectangle_changed,
-    layer_source_rectangle_changed,
-    surface_destination_rectangle_changed,
-    layer_destination_rectangle_changed,
-    surface_created,
-    layer_created,
-    surface_destroyed,
-    layer_destroyed,
-    surface_error_detected,
-    layer_error_detected,
-    surface_size_changed,
-    surface_stats_received,
-    surface_added_to_layer,
-};
-
-void screen_created(void *data, struct ivi_wm_screen *ivi_wm_screen, uint32_t id)
-{
-    static_cast<struct screen *>(data)->screen_created((struct screen *)data, id);
-}
-
-void layer_added(void *data,
-                 struct ivi_wm_screen *ivi_wm_screen,
-                 uint32_t layer_id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("added layer_id:%d", layer_id);
-}
-
-void connector_name(void *data,
-                    struct ivi_wm_screen *ivi_wm_screen,
-                    const char *process_name)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("process_name:%s", process_name);
-}
-
-void screen_error(void *data,
-                  struct ivi_wm_screen *ivi_wm_screen,
-                  uint32_t error,
-                  const char *message)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("screen error:%d message:%s", error, message);
-}
-
-constexpr struct ivi_wm_screen_listener screen_listener = {
-    screen_created,
-    layer_added,
-    connector_name,
-    screen_error,
-};
-} // namespace
-
-/**
- * surface
- */
-surface::surface(uint32_t i, struct controller *c)
-    : controller_child(c, i)
-{
-    this->parent->add_proxy_to_sid_mapping(this->parent->proxy.get(), i);
-}
-
-void surface::set_visibility(uint32_t visibility)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface id:%d v:%d", this->id, visibility);
-    ivi_wm_set_surface_visibility(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id, visibility);
-}
-
-void surface::set_source_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                   int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    ivi_wm_set_surface_source_rectangle(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id,
-                                        x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void surface::set_destination_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                        int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    ivi_wm_set_surface_destination_rectangle(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id,
-                                             x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-/**
- * layer
- */
-layer::layer(uint32_t i, struct controller *c) : layer(i, 0, 0, c) {}
-
-layer::layer(uint32_t i, int32_t w, int32_t h, struct controller *c)
-    : controller_child(c, i)
-{
-    this->parent->add_proxy_to_lid_mapping(this->parent->proxy.get(), i);
-    ivi_wm_create_layout_layer(c->proxy.get(), i, w, h);
-}
-
-void layer::set_visibility(uint32_t visibility)
-{
-    ivi_wm_set_layer_visibility(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id, visibility);
-}
-
-void layer::set_destination_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                      int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    ivi_wm_set_layer_destination_rectangle(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id,
-                                           x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void layer::add_surface(uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    ivi_wm_layer_add_surface(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id, surface_id);
-}
-
-void layer::remove_surface(uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    ivi_wm_layer_remove_surface(this->parent->proxy.get(), this->id, surface_id);
-}
-
-/**
- * screen
- */
-screen::screen(uint32_t i, struct controller *c, struct wl_output *o)
-    : wayland_proxy(ivi_wm_create_screen(c->proxy.get(), o)),
-      controller_child(c, i)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::screen @ %p id %u o %p", this->proxy.get(), i, o);
-
-    // Add listener for screen
-    ivi_wm_screen_add_listener(this->proxy.get(), &screen_listener, this);
-}
-
-void screen::clear() { ivi_wm_screen_clear(this->proxy.get()); }
-
-void screen::screen_created(struct screen *screen, uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::screen @ %p screen %u (%x) @ %p", this->proxy.get(),
-              id, id, screen);
-    this->id = id;
-    this->parent->screens[id] = screen;
-}
-
-void screen::set_render_order(std::vector<uint32_t> const &ro)
-{
-    std::size_t i;
-
-    // Remove all layers from the screen render order
-    ivi_wm_screen_clear(this->proxy.get());
-
-    for (i = 0; i < ro.size(); i++)
-    {
-        HMI_DEBUG("compositor::screen @ %p add layer %u", this->proxy.get(), ro[i]);
-        // Add the layer to screen render order at nearest z-position
-        ivi_wm_screen_add_layer(this->proxy.get(), ro[i]);
-    }
-}
-
-/**
- * controller
- */
-controller::controller(struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t version)
-    : wayland_proxy(
-          wl_registry_bind(r, name, &ivi_wm_interface, version)),
-      output_size{}
-{
-    ivi_wm_add_listener(this->proxy.get(), &listener, this);
-}
-
-void controller::layer_create(uint32_t id, int32_t w, int32_t h)
-{
-    this->layers[id] = std::make_unique<struct layer>(id, w, h, this);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_create(uint32_t id)
-{
-    this->surfaces[id] = std::make_unique<struct surface>(id, this);
-
-    // TODO: If Clipping is necessary, this process should be modified.
-    {
-        // Set surface type:IVI_WM_SURFACE_TYPE_DESKTOP)
-        // for resizing wayland surface when switching from split to full surface.
-        ivi_wm_set_surface_type(this->proxy.get(), id, IVI_WM_SURFACE_TYPE_DESKTOP);
-
-        // Set source reactangle even if we should not need to set it
-        // for enable setting for destination region.
-        this->surfaces[id]->set_source_rectangle(0, 0, this->output_size.w, this->output_size.h);
-
-        // Flush display
-        this->display->flush();
-    }
-}
-
-void controller::create_screen(struct wl_output *output)
-{
-    // TODO: screen id is 0 (WM manages one screen for now)
-    this->screen = std::make_unique<struct screen>(0, this, output);
-}
-
-void controller::get_surface_properties(uint32_t surface_id, int param)
-{
-    ivi_wm_surface_get(this->proxy.get(), surface_id, param);
-}
-
-void controller::layer_created(uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::controller @ %p layer %u (%x)", this->proxy.get(), id, id);
-    if (this->layers.find(id) != this->layers.end())
-    {
-        HMI_DEBUG("WindowManager has created layer %u (%x) already", id, id);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        this->layers[id] = std::make_unique<struct layer>(id, this);
-    }
-}
-
-void controller::layer_error_detected(uint32_t object_id,
-                                      uint32_t error_code, const char *error_text)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::controller @ %p error o %d c %d text %s",
-              this->proxy.get(), object_id, error_code, error_text);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_visibility_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t visibility)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d v %i", __func__, id,
-              visibility);
-    this->sprops[id].visibility = visibility;
-    this->chooks->surface_visibility(id, visibility);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_opacity_changed(uint32_t id, float opacity)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d o %f",
-                __func__, id, opacity);
-    this->sprops[id].opacity = opacity;
-}
-
-void controller::surface_source_rectangle_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t x,
-                                                  int32_t y, int32_t width,
-                                                  int32_t height)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d x %i y %i w %i h %i", __func__,
-              id, x, y, width, height);
-    this->sprops[id].src_rect = rect{width, height, x, y};
-}
-
-void controller::surface_destination_rectangle_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t x,
-                                                       int32_t y, int32_t width,
-                                                       int32_t height)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d x %i y %i w %i h %i", __func__,
-              id, x, y, width, height);
-    this->sprops[id].dst_rect = rect{width, height, x, y};
-    this->chooks->surface_destination_rectangle(id, x, y, width, height);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_size_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t width,
-                                      int32_t height)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d w %i h %i", __func__, id,
-              width, height);
-    this->sprops[id].size = size{uint32_t(width), uint32_t(height)};
-    this->surfaces[id]->set_source_rectangle(0, 0, width, height);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_added_to_layer(uint32_t layer_id, uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d l %u",
-              __func__, layer_id, surface_id);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_stats_received(uint32_t surface_id,
-                                        uint32_t frame_count, uint32_t pid)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d f %u pid %u",
-              __func__, surface_id, frame_count, pid);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_created(uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::controller @ %p surface %u (%x)", this->proxy.get(), id,
-              id);
-    if (this->surfaces.find(id) == this->surfaces.end())
-    {
-        this->surfaces[id] = std::make_unique<struct surface>(id, this);
-        this->chooks->surface_created(id);
-
-        // Set surface type:IVI_WM_SURFACE_TYPE_DESKTOP)
-        // for resizing wayland surface when switching from split to full surface.
-        ivi_wm_set_surface_type(this->proxy.get(), id, IVI_WM_SURFACE_TYPE_DESKTOP);
-
-        // Flush display
-        this->display->flush();
-    }
-}
-
-void controller::surface_destroyed(uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::surface %s @ %d", __func__, surface_id);
-    this->chooks->surface_removed(surface_id);
-    this->sprops.erase(surface_id);
-    this->surfaces.erase(surface_id);
-}
-
-void controller::surface_error_detected(uint32_t object_id,
-                                        uint32_t error_code, const char *error_text)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::controller @ %p error o %d c %d text %s",
-              this->proxy.get(), object_id, error_code, error_text);
-}
-
-void controller::layer_visibility_changed(uint32_t layer_id, int32_t visibility)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::layer %s @ %d v %i", __func__, layer_id, visibility);
-    this->lprops[layer_id].visibility = visibility;
-}
-
-void controller::layer_opacity_changed(uint32_t layer_id, float opacity)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::layer %s @ %d o %f", __func__, layer_id, opacity);
-    this->lprops[layer_id].opacity = opacity;
-}
-
-void controller::layer_source_rectangle_changed(uint32_t layer_id,
-                                                int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                                int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::layer %s @ %d x %i y %i w %i h %i",
-              __func__, layer_id, x, y, width, height);
-    this->lprops[layer_id].src_rect = rect{width, height, x, y};
-}
-
-void controller::layer_destination_rectangle_changed(uint32_t layer_id,
-                                                     int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                                     int32_t width, int32_t height)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::layer %s @ %d x %i y %i w %i h %i",
-              __func__, layer_id, x, y, width, height);
-    this->lprops[layer_id].dst_rect = rect{width, height, x, y};
-}
-
-void controller::layer_destroyed(uint32_t layer_id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("compositor::layer %s @ %d", __func__, layer_id);
-    this->lprops.erase(layer_id);
-    this->layers.erase(layer_id);
-}
-
-void controller::add_proxy_to_sid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p,
-                                          uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Add surface proxy mapping for %p (%u)", p, id);
-    this->surface_proxy_to_id[uintptr_t(p)] = id;
-    this->sprops[id].id = id;
-}
-
-void controller::remove_proxy_to_sid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Remove surface proxy mapping for %p", p);
-    this->surface_proxy_to_id.erase(uintptr_t(p));
-}
-
-void controller::add_proxy_to_lid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p,
-                                          uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Add layer proxy mapping for %p (%u)", p, id);
-    this->layer_proxy_to_id[uintptr_t(p)] = id;
-    this->lprops[id].id = id;
-}
-
-void controller::remove_proxy_to_lid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Remove layer proxy mapping for %p", p);
-    this->layer_proxy_to_id.erase(uintptr_t(p));
-}
-
-void controller::add_proxy_to_id_mapping(struct wl_output *p, uint32_t id)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Add screen proxy mapping for %p (%u)", p, id);
-    this->screen_proxy_to_id[uintptr_t(p)] = id;
-}
-
-void controller::remove_proxy_to_id_mapping(struct wl_output *p)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("Remove screen proxy mapping for %p", p);
-    this->screen_proxy_to_id.erase(uintptr_t(p));
-}
-
-} // namespace compositor
diff --git a/src/wayland_ivi_wm.hpp b/src/wayland_ivi_wm.hpp
deleted file mode 100644
index b515a06..0000000
--- a/src/wayland_ivi_wm.hpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,326 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef WM_WAYLAND_HPP
-#define WM_WAYLAND_HPP
-
-#include "controller_hooks.hpp"
-#include "ivi-wm-client-protocol.h"
-#include "util.hpp"
-
-#include <functional>
-#include <memory>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <vector>
-
-/**
- * @struct wayland_proxy
- */
-template <typename ProxyT>
-struct wayland_proxy
-{
-    std::unique_ptr<ProxyT, std::function<void(ProxyT *)>> proxy;
-    wayland_proxy(wayland_proxy const &) = delete;
-    wayland_proxy &operator=(wayland_proxy const &) = delete;
-    wayland_proxy(void *p)
-        : wayland_proxy(p,
-                        reinterpret_cast<void (*)(ProxyT *)>(wl_proxy_destroy)) {}
-    wayland_proxy(void *p, std::function<void(ProxyT *)> &&p_del)
-        : proxy(std::unique_ptr<ProxyT, std::function<void(ProxyT *)>>(
-              static_cast<ProxyT *>(p), p_del)) {}
-};
-
-/**
- * namespace wl
- */
-namespace wl
-{
-
-/**
- * @struct registry
- */
-struct registry : public wayland_proxy<struct wl_registry>
-{
-    typedef std::function<void(struct wl_registry *, uint32_t, uint32_t)> binder;
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, binder> bindings;
-
-    registry(registry const &) = delete;
-    registry &operator=(registry const &) = delete;
-    registry(struct wl_display *d);
-
-    void add_global_handler(char const *iface, binder bind);
-
-    // Events
-    void global_created(uint32_t name, char const *iface, uint32_t v);
-    void global_removed(uint32_t name);
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct display
- */
-struct display
-{
-    std::unique_ptr<struct wl_display, void (*)(struct wl_display *)> d;
-    struct registry r;
-
-    display(display const &) = delete;
-    display &operator=(display const &) = delete;
-    display();
-    bool ok() const;
-    void roundtrip();
-    int dispatch();
-    int dispatch_pending();
-    int read_events();
-    void flush();
-    int get_fd() const;
-    int get_error();
-
-    // Lets just proxy this for the registry
-    inline void add_global_handler(char const *iface, registry::binder bind)
-    {
-        this->r.add_global_handler(iface, bind);
-    }
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct output
- */
-struct output : public wayland_proxy<struct wl_output>
-{
-    int width{};
-    int height{};
-    int physical_width{};
-    int physical_height{};
-    int refresh{};
-    int transform{};
-
-    output(output const &) = delete;
-    output &operator=(output const &) = delete;
-    output(struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t v);
-
-    // Events
-    void geometry(int32_t x, int32_t y, int32_t pw, int32_t ph, int32_t subpel,
-                  char const *make, char const *model, int32_t tx);
-    void mode(uint32_t flags, int32_t w, int32_t h, int32_t r);
-    void done();
-    void scale(int32_t factor);
-};
-} // namespace wl
-
-/**
- * namespace compositor
- */
-namespace compositor
-{
-
-struct size
-{
-    uint32_t w, h;
-};
-
-struct rect
-{
-    int32_t w, h;
-    int32_t x, y;
-};
-
-static const constexpr rect full_rect = rect{-1, -1, 0, 0};
-
-inline bool operator==(struct rect a, struct rect b)
-{
-    return a.w == b.w && a.h == b.h && a.x == b.x && a.y == b.y;
-}
-
-struct controller;
-
-struct controller_child
-{
-    struct controller *parent;
-    uint32_t id;
-
-    controller_child(controller_child const &) = delete;
-    controller_child &operator=(controller_child const &) = delete;
-    controller_child(struct controller *c, uint32_t i) : parent(c), id(i) {}
-    virtual ~controller_child() {}
-};
-
-struct surface_properties
-{
-    uint32_t id; // let's just save an ID here too
-    struct rect dst_rect;
-    struct rect src_rect;
-    struct size size;
-    int32_t orientation;
-    int32_t visibility;
-    float opacity;
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct surface
- */
-struct surface : public controller_child
-{
-    surface(surface const &) = delete;
-    surface &operator=(surface const &) = delete;
-    surface(uint32_t i, struct controller *c);
-
-    // Requests
-    void set_visibility(uint32_t visibility);
-    void set_source_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                              int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void set_destination_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                   int32_t width, int32_t height);
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct layer
- */
-struct layer : public controller_child
-{
-    layer(layer const &) = delete;
-    layer &operator=(layer const &) = delete;
-    layer(uint32_t i, struct controller *c);
-    layer(uint32_t i, int32_t w, int32_t h, struct controller *c);
-
-    // Requests
-    void set_visibility(uint32_t visibility);
-    void set_destination_rectangle(int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                   int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void add_surface(uint32_t surface_id);
-    void remove_surface(uint32_t surface_id);
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct screen
- */
-struct screen : public wayland_proxy<struct ivi_wm_screen>,
-                public controller_child
-{
-    screen(screen const &) = delete;
-    screen &operator=(screen const &) = delete;
-    screen(uint32_t i, struct controller *c, struct wl_output *o);
-
-    void clear();
-    void screen_created(struct screen *screen, uint32_t id);
-    void set_render_order(std::vector<uint32_t> const &ro);
-};
-
-/**
- * @struct controller
- */
-struct controller : public wayland_proxy<struct ivi_wm>
-{
-    // This controller is still missing ivi-input
-
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uintptr_t, uint32_t> proxy_to_id_map_type;
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::unique_ptr<struct surface>>
-        surface_map_type;
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::unique_ptr<struct layer>>
-        layer_map_type;
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, struct screen *> screen_map_type;
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, struct surface_properties> props_map;
-
-    // HACK:
-    // The order of these member is mandatory, as when objects are destroyed
-    // they will call their parent (that's us right here!) and remove their
-    // proxy-to-id mapping. I.e. the *_proxy_to_id members need to be valid
-    // when the surfaces/layers/screens maps are destroyed. This sucks, but
-    // I cannot see a better solution w/o globals or some other horrible
-    // call-our-parent construct.
-    proxy_to_id_map_type surface_proxy_to_id;
-    proxy_to_id_map_type layer_proxy_to_id;
-    proxy_to_id_map_type screen_proxy_to_id;
-
-    props_map sprops;
-    props_map lprops;
-
-    surface_map_type surfaces;
-    layer_map_type layers;
-    screen_map_type screens;
-
-    std::unique_ptr<struct screen> screen;
-
-    size output_size;   // Display size[pixel]
-    size physical_size; // Display size[mm]
-
-    // Scale for conversion CSS PX -> DP(Device Pixel)
-    double scale;
-
-    wm::controller_hooks *chooks;
-
-    struct wl::display *display;
-
-    void add_proxy_to_sid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p, uint32_t id);
-    void remove_proxy_to_sid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p);
-
-    void add_proxy_to_lid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p, uint32_t id);
-    void remove_proxy_to_lid_mapping(struct ivi_wm *p);
-
-    void add_proxy_to_id_mapping(struct wl_output *p, uint32_t id);
-    void remove_proxy_to_id_mapping(struct wl_output *p);
-
-    bool surface_exists(uint32_t id) const
-    {
-        return this->surfaces.find(id) != this->surfaces.end();
-    }
-
-    bool layer_exists(uint32_t id) const
-    {
-        return this->layers.find(id) != this->layers.end();
-    }
-
-    controller(struct wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t version);
-
-    // Requests
-    void commit_changes() const
-    {
-        ivi_wm_commit_changes(this->proxy.get());
-    }
-    void layer_create(uint32_t id, int32_t w, int32_t h);
-    void surface_create(uint32_t id);
-    void create_screen(struct wl_output *output);
-    void get_surface_properties(uint32_t surface_id, int param = 0);
-
-    // Events
-    void surface_visibility_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t visibility);
-    void surface_opacity_changed(uint32_t id, float opacity);
-    void surface_source_rectangle_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                          int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void surface_destination_rectangle_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                               int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void surface_created(uint32_t id);
-    void surface_destroyed(uint32_t surface_id);
-    void surface_error_detected(uint32_t object_id,
-                                uint32_t error_code, char const *error_text);
-    void surface_size_changed(uint32_t id, int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void surface_stats_received(uint32_t surface_id,
-                                uint32_t frame_count, uint32_t pid);
-    void surface_added_to_layer(uint32_t layer_id, uint32_t surface_id);
-
-    void layer_visibility_changed(uint32_t layer_id, int32_t visibility);
-    void layer_opacity_changed(uint32_t layer_id, float opacity);
-    void layer_source_rectangle_changed(uint32_t layer_id, int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                        int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void layer_destination_rectangle_changed(uint32_t layer_id, int32_t x, int32_t y,
-                                             int32_t width, int32_t height);
-    void layer_created(uint32_t id);
-    void layer_destroyed(uint32_t layer_id);
-    void layer_error_detected(uint32_t object_id,
-                              uint32_t error_code, char const *error_text);
-};
-} // namespace compositor
-
-#endif // !WM_WAYLAND_HPP
diff --git a/src/window_manager.cpp b/src/window_manager.cpp
index 3e1a8bc..c69c839 100644
--- a/src/window_manager.cpp
+++ b/src/window_manager.cpp
@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@ const char kKeyHeightMm[]    = "height_mm";
 const char kKeyScale[]       = "scale";
 const char kKeyIds[]         = "ids";
 
+static const vector<string> kListEventName{
+        "active",
+        "inactive",
+        "visible",
+        "invisible",
+        "syncDraw",
+        "flushDraw",
+        "screenUpdated",
+        "error"};
+
 static sd_event_source *g_timer_ev_src = nullptr;
 static AppList g_app_list;
 static WindowManager *g_context;
@@ -63,39 +73,6 @@ static WindowManager *g_context;
 namespace
 {
 
-using nlohmann::json;
-
-result<json> file_to_json(char const *filename)
-{
-    json j;
-    std::ifstream i(filename);
-    if (i.fail())
-    {
-        HMI_DEBUG("Could not open config file, so use default layer information");
-        j = default_layers_json;
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        i >> j;
-    }
-
-    return Ok(j);
-}
-
-struct result<layer_map> load_layer_map(char const *filename)
-{
-    HMI_DEBUG("loading IDs from %s", filename);
-
-    auto j = file_to_json(filename);
-    if (j.is_err())
-    {
-        return Err<layer_map>(j.unwrap_err());
-    }
-    json jids = j.unwrap();
-
-    return to_layer_map(jids);
-}
-
 static int processTimerHandler(sd_event_source *s, uint64_t usec, void *userdata)
 {
     HMI_NOTICE("Time out occurs because the client replys endDraw slow, so revert the request");
@@ -117,57 +94,33 @@ static void onError()
 /**
  * WindowManager Impl
  */
-WindowManager::WindowManager(wl::display *d)
-    : chooks{this},
-      display{d},
-      controller{},
-      outputs(),
-      layers(),
-      id_alloc{},
-      pending_events(false)
+WindowManager::WindowManager()
+    : id_alloc{}
 {
-    char const *path_layers_json = getenv("AFM_APP_INSTALL_DIR");
-    string path;
-    if (!path_layers_json)
+    const char *path = getenv("AFM_APP_INSTALL_DIR");
+    if (!path)
     {
         HMI_ERROR("AFM_APP_INSTALL_DIR is not defined");
-        path = string(path_layers_json);
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        path = string(path_layers_json) + string("/etc/layers.json");
     }
+    string root = path;
 
-    try
-    {
-        {
-            auto l = load_layer_map(path.c_str());
-            if (l.is_ok())
-            {
-                this->layers = l.unwrap();
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                HMI_ERROR("%s", l.err().value());
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    catch (std::exception &e)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("Loading of configuration failed: %s", e.what());
-    }
+    this->lc = std::make_shared<LayerControl>(root);
+
+    HMI_DEBUG("Layer Controller initialized");
 }
 
 int WindowManager::init()
 {
-    if (!this->display->ok())
-    {
-        return -1;
-    }
+    LayerControlCallbacks lmcb;
+    lmcb.surfaceCreated = [&](unsigned pid, unsigned surface){
+        this->surface_created(surface);
+        };
+    lmcb.surfaceDestroyed = [&](unsigned surface){
+        this->surface_removed(surface);
+    };
 
-    if (this->layers.mapping.empty())
+    if(this->lc->init(lmcb) != WMError::SUCCESS)
     {
-        HMI_ERROR("No surface -> layer mapping loaded");
         return -1;
     }
 
@@ -188,58 +141,25 @@ int WindowManager::init()
     // Make afb event
     for (int i = Event_Val_Min; i <= Event_Val_Max; i++)
     {
-        map_afb_event[kListEventName[i]] = afb_daemon_make_event(kListEventName[i]);
+        map_afb_event[kListEventName[i]] = afb_daemon_make_event(kListEventName[i].c_str());
     }
 
-    this->display->add_global_handler(
-        "wl_output", [this](wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t v) {
-            this->outputs.emplace_back(std::make_unique<wl::output>(r, name, v));
-        });
-
-    this->display->add_global_handler(
-        "ivi_wm", [this](wl_registry *r, uint32_t name, uint32_t v) {
-            this->controller =
-                std::make_unique<struct compositor::controller>(r, name, v);
-
-            // Init controller hooks
-            this->controller->chooks = &this->chooks;
+    const struct rect css_bg = this->lc->getAreaSize("fullscreen");
+    Screen screen = this->lc->getScreenInfo();
+    rectangle dp_bg(screen.width(), screen.height());
 
-            // This protocol needs the output, so lets just add our mapping here...
-            this->controller->add_proxy_to_id_mapping(
-                this->outputs.front()->proxy.get(),
-                wl_proxy_get_id(reinterpret_cast<struct wl_proxy *>(
-                    this->outputs.front()->proxy.get())));
-
-            // Create screen
-            this->controller->create_screen(this->outputs.front()->proxy.get());
-
-            // Set display to controller
-            this->controller->display = this->display;
-        });
-
-    // First level objects
-    this->display->roundtrip();
-    // Second level objects
-    this->display->roundtrip();
-    // Third level objects
-    this->display->roundtrip();
+    dp_bg.set_aspect(static_cast<double>(css_bg.w) / css_bg.h);
+    dp_bg.fit(screen.width(), screen.height());
+    dp_bg.center(screen.width(), screen.height());
+    HMI_DEBUG("SCALING: CSS BG(%dx%d) -> DDP %dx%d,(%dx%d)",
+              css_bg.w, css_bg.h, dp_bg.left(), dp_bg.top(), dp_bg.width(), dp_bg.height());
 
-    return init_layers();
-}
+    double scale = static_cast<double>(dp_bg.height()) / css_bg.h;
+    this->lc->setupArea(dp_bg, scale);
 
-int WindowManager::dispatch_pending_events()
-{
-    if (this->pop_pending_events())
-    {
-        this->display->dispatch_pending();
-        return 0;
-    }
-    return -1;
-}
+    this->lc->createLayers();
 
-void WindowManager::set_pending_events()
-{
-    this->pending_events.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    return 0;
 }
 
 result<int> WindowManager::api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *drawing_name)
@@ -248,38 +168,33 @@ result<int> WindowManager::api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *dr
     //       so convert role old to new
     const char *role = this->convertRoleOldToNew(drawing_name);
 
-    auto lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string(role));
-    if (!lid)
+    // auto lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string(role));
+    unsigned lid = this->lc->getLayerID(string(role));
+    if (lid == 0)
     {
         /**
        * register drawing_name as fallback and make it displayed.
        */
-        lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string("fallback"));
+        // lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string("fallback"));
+        lid = this->lc->getLayerID(string("fallback"));
         HMI_DEBUG("%s is not registered in layers.json, then fallback as normal app", role);
-        if (!lid)
+        if (lid == 0)
         {
             return Err<int>("Drawing name does not match any role, fallback is disabled");
         }
     }
 
-    auto rname = this->lookup_id(role);
+    auto rname = this->id_alloc.lookup(role);
     if (!rname)
     {
         // name does not exist yet, allocate surface id...
         auto id = int(this->id_alloc.generate_id(role));
-        this->layers.add_surface(id, *lid);
-
-        // set the main_surface[_name] here and now
-        if (!this->layers.main_surface_name.empty() &&
-            this->layers.main_surface_name == drawing_name)
-        {
-            this->layers.main_surface = id;
-            HMI_DEBUG("Set main_surface id to %u", id);
-        }
+        // this->layers.add_surface(id, *lid);
+        this->tmp_surface2app[id] = {string(appid), lid};
 
         // add client into the db
         string appid_str(appid);
-        g_app_list.addClient(appid_str, *lid, id, string(role));
+        g_app_list.addClient(appid_str, lid, id, string(role));
 
         // Set role map of (new, old)
         this->rolenew2old[role] = string(drawing_name);
@@ -298,23 +213,31 @@ char const *WindowManager::api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *dr
     //       so convert role old to new
     const char *role = this->convertRoleOldToNew(drawing_name);
 
-    auto lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string(role));
     unsigned sid = std::stol(ivi_id);
+    WMError ret = this->lc->setXDGSurfaceOriginSize(sid);
+    if(ret != SUCCESS)
+    {
+        HMI_ERROR("%s", errorDescription(ret));
+        HMI_WARNING("The main user of this API is runXDG");
+        return "fail";
+    }
 
-    if (!lid)
+    // auto lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string(role));
+    auto lid = this->lc->getLayerID(string(role));
+    if (lid == 0)
     {
         /**
        * register drawing_name as fallback and make it displayed.
        */
-        lid = this->layers.get_layer_id(string("fallback"));
+        lid = this->lc->getLayerID(string("fallback"));
         HMI_DEBUG("%s is not registered in layers.json, then fallback as normal app", role);
-        if (!lid)
+        if (lid == 0)
         {
             return "Drawing name does not match any role, fallback is disabled";
         }
     }
 
-    auto rname = this->lookup_id(role);
+    auto rname = this->id_alloc.lookup(role);
 
     if (rname)
     {
@@ -323,17 +246,13 @@ char const *WindowManager::api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *dr
 
     // register pair drawing_name and ivi_id
     this->id_alloc.register_name_id(role, sid);
-    this->layers.add_surface(sid, *lid);
-
-    // this surface is already created
-    HMI_DEBUG("surface_id is %u, layer_id is %u", sid, *lid);
+    this->lc->addSurface(sid, lid);
 
-    this->controller->layers[*lid]->add_surface(sid);
-    this->layout_commit();
+    HMI_DEBUG("surface_id is %u, layer_id is %u", sid, lid);
 
-    // add client into the db
+    // add client into the list
     string appid_str(appid);
-    g_app_list.addClient(appid_str, *lid, sid, string(role));
+    g_app_list.addClient(appid_str, lid, sid, string(role));
 
     // Set role map of (new, old)
     this->rolenew2old[role] = string(drawing_name);
@@ -351,6 +270,14 @@ void WindowManager::api_activate_surface(char const *appid, char const *drawing_
     string id = appid;
     string role = c_role;
     string area = drawing_area;
+
+    if(!g_app_list.contains(id))
+    {
+        reply("app doesn't request 'requestSurface' or 'setRole' yet");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    auto client = g_app_list.lookUpClient(id);
     Task task = Task::TASK_ALLOCATE;
     unsigned req_num = 0;
     WMError ret = WMError::UNKNOWN;
@@ -375,7 +302,7 @@ void WindowManager::api_activate_surface(char const *appid, char const *drawing_
     /*
      * Do allocate tasks
      */
-    ret = this->doTransition(req_num);
+    ret = this->checkPolicy(req_num);
 
     if (ret != WMError::SUCCESS)
     {
@@ -423,7 +350,7 @@ void WindowManager::api_deactivate_surface(char const *appid, char const *drawin
     /*
     * Do allocate tasks
     */
-    ret = this->doTransition(req_num);
+    ret = this->checkPolicy(req_num);
 
     if (ret != WMError::SUCCESS)
     {
@@ -478,23 +405,23 @@ void WindowManager::api_enddraw(char const *appid, char const *drawing_name)
     }
 }
 
-result<json_object *> WindowManager::api_get_display_info()
+int WindowManager::api_subscribe(afb_req req, int event_id)
 {
-    if (!this->display->ok())
-    {
-        return Err<json_object *>("Wayland compositor is not available");
-    }
+    struct afb_event event = this->map_afb_event[kListEventName[event_id]];
+    return afb_req_subscribe(req, event);
+}
 
-    // Set display info
-    compositor::size o_size = this->controller->output_size;
-    compositor::size p_size = this->controller->physical_size;
+result<json_object *> WindowManager::api_get_display_info()
+{
+    Screen screen = this->lc->getScreenInfo();
 
     json_object *object = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyWidthPixel, json_object_new_int(o_size.w));
-    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyHeightPixel, json_object_new_int(o_size.h));
-    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyWidthMm, json_object_new_int(p_size.w));
-    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyHeightMm, json_object_new_int(p_size.h));
-    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyScale, json_object_new_double(this->controller->scale));
+    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyWidthPixel, json_object_new_int(screen.width()));
+    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyHeightPixel, json_object_new_int(screen.height()));
+    // TODO: set size
+    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyWidthMm, json_object_new_int(0));
+    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyHeightMm, json_object_new_int(0));
+    json_object_object_add(object, kKeyScale, json_object_new_double(this->lc->scale()));
 
     return Ok<json_object *>(object);
 }
@@ -508,25 +435,14 @@ result<json_object *> WindowManager::api_get_area_info(char const *drawing_name)
     const char *role = this->convertRoleOldToNew(drawing_name);
 
     // Check drawing name, surface/layer id
-    auto const &surface_id = this->lookup_id(role);
+    auto const &surface_id = this->id_alloc.lookup(role);
     if (!surface_id)
     {
         return Err<json_object *>("Surface does not exist");
     }
 
-    if (!this->controller->surface_exists(*surface_id))
-    {
-        return Err<json_object *>("Surface does not exist in controller!");
-    }
-
-    auto layer_id = this->layers.get_layer_id(*surface_id);
-    if (!layer_id)
-    {
-        return Err<json_object *>("Surface is not on any layer!");
-    }
-
     // Set area rectangle
-    compositor::rect area_info = this->area_info[*surface_id];
+    struct rect area_info = this->area_info[*surface_id];
     json_object *object = json_object_new_object();
     json_object_object_add(object, kKeyX, json_object_new_int(area_info.x));
     json_object_object_add(object, kKeyY, json_object_new_int(area_info.y));
@@ -536,14 +452,10 @@ result<json_object *> WindowManager::api_get_area_info(char const *drawing_name)
     return Ok<json_object *>(object);
 }
 
-void WindowManager::api_ping() { this->dispatch_pending_events(); }
-
-void WindowManager::send_event(char const *evname, char const *label)
+void WindowManager::send_event(const string& evname, const string& role)
 {
-    HMI_DEBUG("%s: %s(%s)", __func__, evname, label);
-
     json_object *j = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingName, json_object_new_string(label));
+    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingName, json_object_new_string(role.c_str()));
 
     int ret = afb_event_push(this->map_afb_event[evname], j);
     if (ret != 0)
@@ -552,12 +464,9 @@ void WindowManager::send_event(char const *evname, char const *label)
     }
 }
 
-void WindowManager::send_event(char const *evname, char const *label, char const *area,
+void WindowManager::send_event(const string& evname, const string& role, const string& area,
                      int x, int y, int w, int h)
 {
-    HMI_DEBUG("%s: %s(%s, %s) x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d",
-              __func__, evname, label, area, x, y, w, h);
-
     json_object *j_rect = json_object_new_object();
     json_object_object_add(j_rect, kKeyX, json_object_new_int(x));
     json_object_object_add(j_rect, kKeyY, json_object_new_int(y));
@@ -565,8 +474,8 @@ void WindowManager::send_event(char const *evname, char const *label, char const
     json_object_object_add(j_rect, kKeyHeight, json_object_new_int(h));
 
     json_object *j = json_object_new_object();
-    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingName, json_object_new_string(label));
-    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingArea, json_object_new_string(area));
+    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingName, json_object_new_string(role.c_str()));
+    json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingArea, json_object_new_string(area.c_str()));
     json_object_object_add(j, kKeyDrawingRect, j_rect);
 
     int ret = afb_event_push(this->map_afb_event[evname], j);
@@ -579,29 +488,22 @@ void WindowManager::send_event(char const *evname, char const *label, char const
 /**
  * proxied events
  */
-void WindowManager::surface_created(uint32_t surface_id)
+void WindowManager::surface_created(unsigned surface_id)
 {
-    this->controller->get_surface_properties(surface_id, IVI_WM_PARAM_SIZE);
-
-    auto layer_id = this->layers.get_layer_id(surface_id);
-    if (!layer_id)
+    // requestSurface
+    if(this->tmp_surface2app.count(surface_id) != 0)
     {
-        HMI_DEBUG("Newly created surfce %d is not associated with any layer!",
-                  surface_id);
-        return;
+        unsigned layer_id = this->tmp_surface2app[surface_id].layer;
+        this->lc->addSurface(surface_id, layer_id);
+        this->tmp_surface2app.erase(surface_id);
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface_id is %u, layer_id is %u", surface_id, layer_id);
     }
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("surface_id is %u, layer_id is %u", surface_id, *layer_id);
-
-    this->controller->layers[*layer_id]->add_surface(surface_id);
-    this->layout_commit();
 }
 
-void WindowManager::surface_removed(uint32_t surface_id)
+void WindowManager::surface_removed(unsigned surface_id)
 {
     HMI_DEBUG("Delete surface_id %u", surface_id);
     this->id_alloc.remove_id(surface_id);
-    this->layers.remove_surface(surface_id);
     g_app_list.removeSurface(surface_id);
 }
 
@@ -653,7 +555,7 @@ void WindowManager::startTransitionWrapper(vector<WMAction> &actions)
         if ("" != act.role)
         {
             bool found;
-            auto const &surface_id = this->lookup_id(act.role.c_str());
+            auto const &surface_id = this->id_alloc.lookup(act.role.c_str());
             if(surface_id == nullopt)
             {
                 goto proc_remove_request;
@@ -727,281 +629,44 @@ void WindowManager::processError(WMError error)
  ******* Private Functions *******
  */
 
-bool WindowManager::pop_pending_events()
+void WindowManager::emit_activated(const string& role)
 {
-    bool x{true};
-    return this->pending_events.compare_exchange_strong(
-        x, false, std::memory_order_consume);
+    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_Active], role);
 }
 
-optional<int> WindowManager::lookup_id(char const *name)
-{
-    return this->id_alloc.lookup(string(name));
-}
-optional<string> WindowManager::lookup_name(int id)
+void WindowManager::emit_deactivated(const string& role)
 {
-    return this->id_alloc.lookup(id);
+    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_Inactive], role);
 }
 
-/**
- * init_layers()
- */
-int WindowManager::init_layers()
+void WindowManager::emit_syncdraw(const string& role, char const *area, int x, int y, int w, int h)
 {
-    if (!this->controller)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("ivi_controller global not available");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    if (this->outputs.empty())
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("no output was set up!");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    auto &c = this->controller;
-
-    auto &o = this->outputs.front();
-    auto &s = c->screens.begin()->second;
-    auto &layers = c->layers;
-
-    // Write output dimensions to ivi controller...
-    c->output_size = compositor::size{uint32_t(o->width), uint32_t(o->height)};
-    c->physical_size = compositor::size{uint32_t(o->physical_width),
-                                        uint32_t(o->physical_height)};
-
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("SCALING: screen (%dx%d), physical (%dx%d)",
-              o->width, o->height, o->physical_width, o->physical_height);
-
-    this->layers.loadAreaDb();
-
-    const compositor::rect css_bg = this->layers.getAreaSize("fullscreen");
-    rectangle dp_bg(o->width, o->height);
-
-    dp_bg.set_aspect(static_cast<double>(css_bg.w) / css_bg.h);
-    dp_bg.fit(o->width, o->height);
-    dp_bg.center(o->width, o->height);
-    HMI_DEBUG("SCALING: CSS BG(%dx%d) -> DDP %dx%d,(%dx%d)",
-              css_bg.w, css_bg.h, dp_bg.left(), dp_bg.top(), dp_bg.width(), dp_bg.height());
-
-    // Clear scene
-    layers.clear();
-
-    // Clear screen
-    s->clear();
-
-    // Quick and dirty setup of layers
-    for (auto const &i : this->layers.mapping)
-    {
-        c->layer_create(i.second.layer_id, dp_bg.width(), dp_bg.height());
-        auto &l = layers[i.second.layer_id];
-        l->set_destination_rectangle(dp_bg.left(), dp_bg.top(), dp_bg.width(), dp_bg.height());
-        l->set_visibility(1);
-        HMI_DEBUG("Setting up layer %s (%d) for surface role match \"%s\"",
-                  i.second.name.c_str(), i.second.layer_id, i.second.role.c_str());
-    }
-
-    // Add layers to screen
-    s->set_render_order(this->layers.layers);
-
-    this->layout_commit();
-
-    c->scale = static_cast<double>(dp_bg.height()) / css_bg.h;
-    this->layers.setupArea(c->scale);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-void WindowManager::surface_set_layout(int surface_id, const string& area)
-{
-    if (!this->controller->surface_exists(surface_id))
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("Surface %d does not exist", surface_id);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    auto o_layer_id = this->layers.get_layer_id(surface_id);
-
-    if (!o_layer_id)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("Surface %d is not associated with any layer!", surface_id);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    uint32_t layer_id = *o_layer_id;
-
-    auto const &layer = this->layers.get_layer(layer_id);
-    auto rect = this->layers.getAreaSize(area);
-    HMI_SEQ_DEBUG(g_app_list.currentRequestNumber(), "%s : x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d", area.c_str(),
-                    rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h);
-    auto &s = this->controller->surfaces[surface_id];
-
-    int x = rect.x;
-    int y = rect.y;
-    int w = rect.w;
-    int h = rect.h;
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("surface_set_layout for surface %u on layer %u", surface_id,
-              layer_id);
-
-    // set destination to the display rectangle
-    s->set_destination_rectangle(x, y, w, h);
-
-    // update area information
-    this->area_info[surface_id].x = x;
-    this->area_info[surface_id].y = y;
-    this->area_info[surface_id].w = w;
-    this->area_info[surface_id].h = h;
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("Surface %u now on layer %u with rect { %d, %d, %d, %d }",
-              surface_id, layer_id, x, y, w, h);
-}
-
-void WindowManager::layout_commit()
-{
-    this->controller->commit_changes();
-    this->display->flush();
-}
-
-void WindowManager::emit_activated(char const *label)
-{
-    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_Active], label);
-}
-
-void WindowManager::emit_deactivated(char const *label)
-{
-    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_Inactive], label);
-}
-
-void WindowManager::emit_syncdraw(char const *label, char const *area, int x, int y, int w, int h)
-{
-    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_SyncDraw], label, area, x, y, w, h);
+    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_SyncDraw], role, area, x, y, w, h);
 }
 
 void WindowManager::emit_syncdraw(const string &role, const string &area)
 {
-    compositor::rect rect = this->layers.getAreaSize(area);
+    struct rect rect = this->lc->getAreaSize(area);
     this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_SyncDraw],
         role.c_str(), area.c_str(), rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h);
 }
 
-void WindowManager::emit_flushdraw(char const *label)
+void WindowManager::emit_flushdraw(const string& role)
 {
-    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_FlushDraw], label);
+    this->send_event(kListEventName[Event_FlushDraw], role);
 }
 
-void WindowManager::emit_visible(char const *label, bool is_visible)
+void WindowManager::emit_visible(const string& role, bool is_visible)
 {
-    this->send_event(is_visible ? kListEventName[Event_Visible] : kListEventName[Event_Invisible], label);
+    this->send_event(is_visible ? kListEventName[Event_Visible] : kListEventName[Event_Invisible], role);
 }
 
-void WindowManager::emit_invisible(char const *label)
+void WindowManager::emit_invisible(const string& role)
 {
-    return emit_visible(label, false);
+    return emit_visible(role, false);
 }
 
-void WindowManager::emit_visible(char const *label) { return emit_visible(label, true); }
-
-void WindowManager::activate(int id)
-{
-    auto ip = this->controller->sprops.find(id);
-    if (ip != this->controller->sprops.end())
-    {
-        this->controller->surfaces[id]->set_visibility(1);
-        char const *label =
-            this->lookup_name(id).value_or("unknown-name").c_str();
-
-         // FOR CES DEMO >>>
-        if ((0 == strcmp(label, "radio")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "music")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "video")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "map")))
-        {
-            for (auto i = surface_bg.begin(); i != surface_bg.end(); ++i)
-            {
-                if (id == *i)
-                {
-                    // Remove id
-                    this->surface_bg.erase(i);
-
-                    // Remove from BG layer (999)
-                    HMI_DEBUG("Remove %s(%d) from BG layer", label, id);
-                    this->controller->layers[999]->remove_surface(id);
-
-                    // Add to FG layer (1001)
-                    HMI_DEBUG("Add %s(%d) to FG layer", label, id);
-                    this->controller->layers[1001]->add_surface(id);
-
-                    for (int j : this->surface_bg)
-                    {
-                        HMI_DEBUG("Stored id:%d", j);
-                    }
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        // <<< FOR CES DEMO
-
-        this->layout_commit();
-
-        // TODO: application requests by old role,
-        //       so convert role new to old for emitting event
-        const char* old_role = this->rolenew2old[label].c_str();
-
-        this->emit_visible(old_role);
-        this->emit_activated(old_role);
-    }
-}
-
-void WindowManager::deactivate(int id)
-{
-    auto ip = this->controller->sprops.find(id);
-    if (ip != this->controller->sprops.end())
-    {
-        char const *label =
-            this->lookup_name(id).value_or("unknown-name").c_str();
-
-        // FOR CES DEMO >>>
-        if ((0 == strcmp(label, "radio")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "music")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "video")) ||
-            (0 == strcmp(label, "map")))
-        {
-
-            // Store id
-            this->surface_bg.push_back(id);
-
-            // Remove from FG layer (1001)
-            HMI_DEBUG("Remove %s(%d) from FG layer", label, id);
-            this->controller->layers[1001]->remove_surface(id);
-
-            // Add to BG layer (999)
-            HMI_DEBUG("Add %s(%d) to BG layer", label, id);
-            this->controller->layers[999]->add_surface(id);
-
-            for (int j : surface_bg)
-            {
-                HMI_DEBUG("Stored id:%d", j);
-            }
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            this->controller->surfaces[id]->set_visibility(0);
-        }
-        // <<< FOR CES DEMO
-
-        this->layout_commit();
-
-        // TODO: application requests by old role,
-        //       so convert role new to old for emitting event
-        const char* old_role = this->rolenew2old[label].c_str();
-
-        this->emit_deactivated(old_role);
-        this->emit_invisible(old_role);
-    }
-}
+void WindowManager::emit_visible(const string& role) { return emit_visible(role, true); }
 
 WMError WindowManager::setRequest(const string& appid, const string &role, const string &area,
                             Task task, unsigned* req_num)
@@ -1035,13 +700,6 @@ WMError WindowManager::setRequest(const string& appid, const string &role, const
     return WMError::SUCCESS;
 }
 
-WMError WindowManager::doTransition(unsigned req_num)
-{
-    HMI_SEQ_DEBUG(req_num, "check policy");
-    WMError ret = this->checkPolicy(req_num);
-    return ret;
-}
-
 WMError WindowManager::checkPolicy(unsigned req_num)
 {
     /*
@@ -1131,11 +789,14 @@ WMError WindowManager::startTransition(unsigned req_num)
         // Make it deactivate here
         for (const auto &x : actions)
         {
-            if (g_app_list.contains(x.client->appID()))
+            this->lc->visibilityChange(x);
+            string old_role = this->rolenew2old[x.role];
+            emit_deactivated(old_role.c_str());
+            /* if (g_app_list.contains(x.client->appID()))
             {
                 auto client = g_app_list.lookUpClient(x.client->appID());
                 this->deactivate(client->surfaceID(x.role));
-            }
+            } */
         }
         ret = WMError::NO_LAYOUT_CHANGE;
     }
@@ -1162,17 +823,26 @@ WMError WindowManager::doEndDraw(unsigned req_num)
         if(act.visible != TaskVisible::NO_CHANGE)
         {
             // layout change
-            if(!g_app_list.contains(act.client->appID())){
-                ret = WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
-            }
-            ret = this->layoutChange(act);
+            ret = this->lc->layoutChange(act);
             if(ret != WMError::SUCCESS)
             {
                 HMI_SEQ_WARNING(req_num,
                     "Failed to manipulate surfaces while state change : %s", errorDescription(ret));
                 return ret;
             }
-            ret = this->visibilityChange(act);
+            ret = this->lc->visibilityChange(act);
+
+            // Emit active/deactive event
+            string old_role = this->rolenew2old[act.role];
+            if(act.visible == VISIBLE)
+            {
+                emit_activated(old_role.c_str());
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                emit_deactivated(old_role.c_str());
+            }
+
             if (ret != WMError::SUCCESS)
             {
                 HMI_SEQ_WARNING(req_num,
@@ -1180,10 +850,8 @@ WMError WindowManager::doEndDraw(unsigned req_num)
                 return ret;
             }
             HMI_SEQ_DEBUG(req_num, "visible %s", act.role.c_str());
-            //this->lm_enddraw(act.role.c_str());
         }
     }
-    this->layout_commit();
 
     HMI_SEQ_INFO(req_num, "emit flushDraw");
 
@@ -1202,60 +870,6 @@ WMError WindowManager::doEndDraw(unsigned req_num)
     return ret;
 }
 
-WMError WindowManager::layoutChange(const WMAction &action)
-{
-    if (action.visible == TaskVisible::INVISIBLE)
-    {
-        // Visibility is not change -> no redraw is required
-        return WMError::SUCCESS;
-    }
-    auto client = g_app_list.lookUpClient(action.client->appID());
-    unsigned surface = client->surfaceID(action.role);
-    if (surface == 0)
-    {
-        HMI_SEQ_ERROR(g_app_list.currentRequestNumber(),
-                      "client doesn't have surface with role(%s)", action.role.c_str());
-        return WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
-    }
-    // Layout Manager
-    WMError ret = this->setSurfaceSize(surface, action.area);
-    return ret;
-}
-
-WMError WindowManager::visibilityChange(const WMAction &action)
-{
-    HMI_SEQ_DEBUG(g_app_list.currentRequestNumber(), "Change visibility");
-    if(!g_app_list.contains(action.client->appID()))
-    {
-        return WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
-    }
-    auto client = g_app_list.lookUpClient(action.client->appID());
-    unsigned surface = client->surfaceID(action.role);
-    if(surface == 0)
-    {
-        HMI_SEQ_ERROR(g_app_list.currentRequestNumber(),
-                      "client doesn't have surface with role(%s)", action.role.c_str());
-        return WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
-    }
-
-    if (action.visible != TaskVisible::INVISIBLE)
-    {
-        this->activate(surface); // Layout Manager task
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        this->deactivate(surface); // Layout Manager task
-    }
-    return WMError::SUCCESS;
-}
-
-WMError WindowManager::setSurfaceSize(unsigned surface, const string &area)
-{
-    this->surface_set_layout(surface, area);
-
-    return WMError::SUCCESS;
-}
-
 void WindowManager::emitScreenUpdated(unsigned req_num)
 {
     // Get visible apps
@@ -1331,7 +945,7 @@ void WindowManager::processNextRequest()
     if (g_app_list.haveRequest())
     {
         HMI_SEQ_DEBUG(req_num, "Process next request");
-        WMError rc = doTransition(req_num);
+        WMError rc = checkPolicy(req_num);
         if (rc != WMError::SUCCESS)
         {
             HMI_SEQ_ERROR(req_num, errorDescription(rc));
@@ -1444,25 +1058,11 @@ int WindowManager::loadOldRoleDb()
 
 const char *WindowManager::check_surface_exist(const char *drawing_name)
 {
-    auto const &surface_id = this->lookup_id(drawing_name);
+    auto const &surface_id = this->id_alloc.lookup(drawing_name);
     if (!surface_id)
     {
         return "Surface does not exist";
     }
-
-    if (!this->controller->surface_exists(*surface_id))
-    {
-        return "Surface does not exist in controller!";
-    }
-
-    auto layer_id = this->layers.get_layer_id(*surface_id);
-
-    if (!layer_id)
-    {
-        return "Surface is not on any layer!";
-    }
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("surface %d is detected", *surface_id);
     return nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -1535,26 +1135,4 @@ const char* WindowManager::kDefaultOldRoleDb = "{ \
     ] \
 }";
 
-/**
- * controller_hooks
- */
-void controller_hooks::surface_created(uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    this->wmgr->surface_created(surface_id);
-}
-
-void controller_hooks::surface_removed(uint32_t surface_id)
-{
-    this->wmgr->surface_removed(surface_id);
-}
-
-void controller_hooks::surface_visibility(uint32_t /*surface_id*/,
-                                          uint32_t /*v*/) {}
-
-void controller_hooks::surface_destination_rectangle(uint32_t /*surface_id*/,
-                                                     uint32_t /*x*/,
-                                                     uint32_t /*y*/,
-                                                     uint32_t /*w*/,
-                                                     uint32_t /*h*/) {}
-
 } // namespace wm
diff --git a/src/window_manager.hpp b/src/window_manager.hpp
index b591149..6416e67 100644
--- a/src/window_manager.hpp
+++ b/src/window_manager.hpp
@@ -21,14 +21,12 @@
 #include <memory>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <experimental/optional>
-#include "util.hpp"
-#include "controller_hooks.hpp"
-#include "wm_layer.hpp"
-#include "layout.hpp"
-#include "wayland_ivi_wm.hpp"
+#include "result.hpp"
 #include "pm_wrapper.hpp"
+#include "util.hpp"
 #include "request.hpp"
 #include "wm_error.hpp"
+#include "wm_layer_control.hpp"
 extern "C"
 {
 #include <afb/afb-binding.h>
@@ -36,16 +34,6 @@ extern "C"
 
 struct json_object;
 
-namespace wl
-{
-struct display;
-}
-
-namespace compositor
-{
-struct controller;
-}
-
 namespace wm
 {
 
@@ -76,7 +64,6 @@ extern const char kKeyIds[];
 struct id_allocator
 {
     unsigned next = 1;
-
     // Surfaces that where requested but not yet created
     std::unordered_map<unsigned, std::string> id2name;
     std::unordered_map<std::string, unsigned> name2id;
@@ -141,10 +128,17 @@ struct id_allocator
     }
 };
 
+struct TmpClient
+{
+    std::string   appid;
+    unsigned layer;
+};
+
+
 class WindowManager
 {
   public:
-    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, struct compositor::rect> rect_map;
+    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, struct rect> rect_map;
     typedef std::function<void(const char *err_msg)> reply_func;
 
     enum EventType
@@ -167,42 +161,7 @@ class WindowManager
         Event_Val_Max = Event_Error,
     };
 
-    const std::vector<const char *> kListEventName{
-        "active",
-        "inactive",
-        "visible",
-        "invisible",
-        "syncDraw",
-        "flushDraw",
-        "screenUpdated",
-        "error"};
-
-    struct controller_hooks chooks;
-
-    // This is the one thing, we do not own.
-    struct wl::display *display;
-
-    std::unique_ptr<struct compositor::controller> controller;
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<struct wl::output>> outputs;
-
-    // track current layouts separately
-    layer_map layers;
-
-    // ID allocation and proxy methods for lookup
-    struct id_allocator id_alloc;
-
-    // Set by AFB API when wayland events need to be dispatched
-    std::atomic<bool> pending_events;
-
-    std::map<const char *, struct afb_event> map_afb_event;
-
-    // Surface are info (x, y, w, h)
-    rect_map area_info;
-
-    // FOR CES DEMO
-    std::vector<int> surface_bg;
-
-    explicit WindowManager(wl::display *d);
+    explicit WindowManager();
     ~WindowManager() = default;
 
     WindowManager(WindowManager const &) = delete;
@@ -211,23 +170,22 @@ class WindowManager
     WindowManager &operator=(WindowManager &&) = delete;
 
     int init();
-    int dispatch_pending_events();
-    void set_pending_events();
 
     result<int> api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *role);
     char const *api_request_surface(char const *appid, char const *role, char const *ivi_id);
     void api_activate_surface(char const *appid, char const *role, char const *drawing_area, const reply_func &reply);
     void api_deactivate_surface(char const *appid, char const *role, const reply_func &reply);
-    void api_enddraw(char const *appid, char const *role);
+    void  api_enddraw(char const *appid, char const *role);
+    int  api_subscribe(afb_req req, int event_id);
     result<json_object *> api_get_display_info();
     result<json_object *> api_get_area_info(char const *role);
     void api_ping();
-    void send_event(char const *evname, char const *label);
-    void send_event(char const *evname, char const *label, char const *area, int x, int y, int w, int h);
+    void send_event(const std::string& evname, const std::string& role);
+    void send_event(const std::string& evname, const std::string& role, const std::string& area, int x, int y, int w, int h);
 
     // Events from the compositor we are interested in
-    void surface_created(uint32_t surface_id);
-    void surface_removed(uint32_t surface_id);
+    void surface_created(unsigned surface_id);
+    void surface_removed(unsigned surface_id);
 
     void removeClient(const std::string &appid);
     void exceptionProcessForTransition();
@@ -239,35 +197,22 @@ class WindowManager
     void processError(WMError error);
 
   private:
-    bool pop_pending_events();
-    optional<int> lookup_id(char const *name);
-    optional<std::string> lookup_name(int id);
-    int init_layers();
-    void surface_set_layout(int surface_id, const std::string& area = "");
-    void layout_commit();
-
     // WM Events to clients
-    void emit_activated(char const *label);
-    void emit_deactivated(char const *label);
-    void emit_syncdraw(char const *label, char const *area, int x, int y, int w, int h);
+    void emit_activated(const std::string& role);
+    void emit_deactivated(const std::string& role);
+    void emit_syncdraw(const std::string& role, char const *area, int x, int y, int w, int h);
     void emit_syncdraw(const std::string &role, const std::string &area);
-    void emit_flushdraw(char const *label);
-    void emit_visible(char const *label, bool is_visible);
-    void emit_invisible(char const *label);
-    void emit_visible(char const *label);
+    void emit_flushdraw(const std::string& role);
+    void emit_visible(const std::string& role, bool is_visible);
+    void emit_invisible(const std::string& role);
+    void emit_visible(const std::string& role);
 
-    void activate(int id);
-    void deactivate(int id);
     WMError setRequest(const std::string &appid, const std::string &role, const std::string &area,
                              Task task, unsigned *req_num);
-    WMError doTransition(unsigned sequence_number);
     WMError checkPolicy(unsigned req_num);
     WMError startTransition(unsigned req_num);
 
     WMError doEndDraw(unsigned req_num);
-    WMError layoutChange(const WMAction &action);
-    WMError visibilityChange(const WMAction &action);
-    WMError setSurfaceSize(unsigned surface, const std::string& area);
     void    emitScreenUpdated(unsigned req_num);
 
     void setTimer();
@@ -279,12 +224,17 @@ class WindowManager
     const char *check_surface_exist(const char *role);
 
   private:
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, struct compositor::rect> area2size;
+    std::map<std::string, struct afb_event> map_afb_event;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, struct rect> area2size;
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> roleold2new;
     std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> rolenew2old;
-
+    std::shared_ptr<LayerControl> lc;
     PMWrapper pmw;
+    rect_map area_info;
+    struct id_allocator id_alloc;
 
+    // ID allocation and proxy methods for lookup
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, struct TmpClient> tmp_surface2app;
     static const char* kDefaultOldRoleDb;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/wm_layer.cpp b/src/wm_layer.cpp
index 6a98884..c702651 100644
--- a/src/wm_layer.cpp
+++ b/src/wm_layer.cpp
@@ -15,338 +15,34 @@
  */
 
 #include <regex>
-
+#include <ilm/ilm_control.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "wm_client.hpp"
 #include "wm_layer.hpp"
 #include "json_helper.hpp"
 #include "util.hpp"
 
-namespace wm
-{
-
-using json = nlohmann::json;
-
-layer::layer(nlohmann::json const &j)
-{
-    this->role = j["role"];
-    this->name = j["name"];
-    this->layer_id = j["layer_id"];
-
-    HMI_DEBUG("layer_id:%d name:%s", this->layer_id, this->name.c_str());
-}
-
-struct result<struct layer_map> to_layer_map(nlohmann::json const &j)
-{
-    try
-    {
-        layer_map stl{};
-        auto m = j["mappings"];
-
-        std::transform(std::cbegin(m), std::cend(m),
-                       std::inserter(stl.mapping, stl.mapping.end()),
-                       [](nlohmann::json const &j) {
-                           return std::pair<int, struct layer>(
-                               j.value("layer_id", -1), layer(j));
-                       });
-
-        // TODO: add sanity checks here?
-        // * check for double IDs
-        // * check for double names/roles
-
-        stl.layers.reserve(m.size());
-        std::transform(std::cbegin(stl.mapping), std::cend(stl.mapping),
-                       std::back_inserter(stl.layers),
-                       [&stl](std::pair<int, struct layer> const &k) {
-                           stl.roles.emplace_back(
-                               std::make_pair(k.second.role, k.second.layer_id));
-                           return unsigned(k.second.layer_id);
-                       });
-
-        std::sort(stl.layers.begin(), stl.layers.end());
-
-        for (auto i : stl.mapping)
-        {
-            if (i.second.name.empty())
-            {
-                return Err<struct layer_map>("Found mapping w/o name");
-            }
-            if (i.second.layer_id == -1)
-            {
-                return Err<struct layer_map>("Found invalid/unset IDs in mapping");
-            }
-        }
-
-        auto msi = j.find("main_surface");
-        if (msi != j.end())
-        {
-            stl.main_surface_name = msi->value("surface_role", "");
-            stl.main_surface = -1;
-        }
-
-        return Ok(stl);
-    }
-    catch (std::exception &e)
-    {
-        return Err<struct layer_map>(e.what());
-    }
-}
-
-optional<int>
-layer_map::get_layer_id(int surface_id)
-{
-    auto i = this->surfaces.find(surface_id);
-    if (i != this->surfaces.end())
-    {
-        return optional<int>(i->second);
-    }
-    return nullopt;
-}
-
-optional<int> layer_map::get_layer_id(std::string const &role)
-{
-    for (auto const &r : this->roles)
-    {
-        auto re = std::regex(r.first);
-        if (std::regex_match(role, re))
-        {
-            HMI_DEBUG("role %s matches layer %d", role.c_str(), r.second);
-            return optional<int>(r.second);
-        }
-    }
-    HMI_DEBUG("role %s does NOT match any layer", role.c_str());
-    return nullopt;
-}
-
-json layer::to_json() const
-{
-    auto is_full = this->rect == compositor::full_rect;
-
-    json r{};
-    if (is_full)
-    {
-        r = {{"type", "full"}};
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        r = {{"type", "rect"},
-             {"rect",
-              {{"x", this->rect.x},
-               {"y", this->rect.y},
-               {"width", this->rect.w},
-               {"height", this->rect.h}}}};
-    }
-
-    return {
-        {"name", this->name},
-        {"role", this->role},
-        {"layer_id", this->layer_id},
-        {"area", r},
-    };
-}
+using std::string;
 
-json layer_map::to_json() const
+namespace wm
 {
-    json j{};
-    for (auto const &i : this->mapping)
-    {
-        j.push_back(i.second.to_json());
-    }
-    return j;
-}
 
-void layer_map::setupArea(double scaling)
+WMLayer::WMLayer(json_object* j)
 {
-    compositor::rect rct;
-
-    rct = this->area2size["normal.full"];
-    this->area2size["normalfull"] = rct;
-    this->area2size["normal"] = rct;
-
-    for (auto &i : this->area2size)
-    {
-        i.second.x = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.x + 0.5);
-        i.second.y = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.y + 0.5);
-        i.second.w = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.w + 0.5);
-        i.second.h = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.h + 0.5);
-
-        HMI_DEBUG("area:%s size(after) : x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d",
-            i.first.c_str(), i.second.x, i.second.y, i.second.w, i.second.h);
-    }
-}
-
-compositor::rect layer_map::getAreaSize(const std::string &area)
-{
-    return area2size[area];
+    this->name = jh::getStringFromJson(j, "name");
+    this->role_list = jh::getStringFromJson(j, "role");
+    this->layer_id = static_cast<unsigned>(jh::getIntFromJson(j, "layer_id"));
 }
 
-int layer_map::loadAreaDb()
+bool WMLayer::hasRole(const string& role)
 {
-    // Get afm application installed dir
-    char const *afm_app_install_dir = getenv("AFM_APP_INSTALL_DIR");
-    HMI_DEBUG("afm_app_install_dir:%s", afm_app_install_dir);
-
-    std::string file_name;
-    if (!afm_app_install_dir)
-    {
-        HMI_ERROR("AFM_APP_INSTALL_DIR is not defined");
-    }
-    else
-    {
-        file_name = std::string(afm_app_install_dir) + std::string("/etc/areas.db");
-    }
-
-    // Load area.db
-    json_object *json_obj;
-    int ret = jh::inputJsonFilie(file_name.c_str(), &json_obj);
-    if (0 > ret)
-    {
-        HMI_DEBUG("Could not open area.db, so use default area information");
-        json_obj = json_tokener_parse(kDefaultAreaDb);
-    }
-    HMI_DEBUG("json_obj dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_obj));
-
-    // Perse areas
-    HMI_DEBUG("Perse areas");
-    json_object *json_cfg;
-    if (!json_object_object_get_ex(json_obj, "areas", &json_cfg))
+    auto re = std::regex(this->role_list);
+    if (std::regex_match(role, re))
     {
-        HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
-        return -1;
+        HMI_DEBUG("role %s matches layer %s", role.c_str(), this->name.c_str());
+        return true;
     }
-
-    int len = json_object_array_length(json_cfg);
-    HMI_DEBUG("json_cfg len:%d", len);
-    HMI_DEBUG("json_cfg dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_cfg));
-
-    const char *area;
-    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
-    {
-        json_object *json_tmp = json_object_array_get_idx(json_cfg, i);
-        HMI_DEBUG("> json_tmp dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_tmp));
-
-        area = jh::getStringFromJson(json_tmp, "name");
-        if (nullptr == area)
-        {
-            HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
-            return -1;
-        }
-        HMI_DEBUG("> area:%s", area);
-
-        json_object *json_rect;
-        if (!json_object_object_get_ex(json_tmp, "rect", &json_rect))
-        {
-            HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
-            return -1;
-        }
-        HMI_DEBUG("> json_rect dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_rect));
-
-        compositor::rect area_size;
-        area_size.x = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "x");
-        area_size.y = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "y");
-        area_size.w = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "w");
-        area_size.h = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "h");
-
-        this->area2size[area] = area_size;
-    }
-
-    // Check
-    for (auto itr = this->area2size.begin();
-         itr != this->area2size.end(); ++itr)
-    {
-        HMI_DEBUG("area:%s x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d",
-                  itr->first.c_str(), itr->second.x, itr->second.y,
-                  itr->second.w, itr->second.h);
-    }
-
-    // Release json_object
-    json_object_put(json_obj);
-
-    return 0;
+    return false;
 }
 
-const char* layer_map::kDefaultAreaDb = "{ \
-    \"areas\": [ \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"fullscreen\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 0, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 1920 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"normal.full\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 218, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 1488 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"split.main\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 218, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 744 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"split.sub\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 962, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 744 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"software_keyboard\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 962, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 744 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"restriction.normal\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 218, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 1488 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"restriction.split.main\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 218, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 744 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"restriction.split.sub\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 962, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 744 \
-            } \
-        }, \
-        { \
-            \"name\": \"on_screen\", \
-            \"rect\": { \
-                \"x\": 0, \
-                \"y\": 218, \
-                \"w\": 1080, \
-                \"h\": 1488 \
-            } \
-        } \
-    ] \
-}";
-
 } // namespace wm
diff --git a/src/wm_layer.hpp b/src/wm_layer.hpp
index 4dd4616..1d9435b 100644
--- a/src/wm_layer.hpp
+++ b/src/wm_layer.hpp
@@ -14,145 +14,40 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef WM_LAYERS_H
-#define WM_LAYERS_H
+#ifndef WM_LAYER_HPP
+#define WM_LAYER_HPP
 
 #include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <memory>
+#include "wm_error.hpp"
 
-#include "../include/json.hpp"
-#include "layout.hpp"
-#include "result.hpp"
-#include "wayland_ivi_wm.hpp"
+struct json_object;
 
 namespace wm
 {
 
-struct layer
+class WMLayer
 {
-    using json = nlohmann::json;
-
+  public:
+    explicit WMLayer(json_object* j);
+    ~WMLayer() = default;
     // A more or less descriptive name?
+    const std::string& layerName(){ return this->role_list;}
+    unsigned layerID(){ return this->layer_id;}
+    const std::string& roleList();
+    bool hasRole(const std::string& role);
+  private:
     std::string name = "";
     // The actual layer ID
-    int layer_id = -1;
-    // The rectangular region surfaces are allowed to draw on
-    // this layer.
-    compositor::rect rect;
+    int layer_id = 0;
+
     // Specify a role prefix for surfaces that should be
     // put on this layer.
-    std::string role;
-
-    mutable struct LayoutState state;
-
-    explicit layer(nlohmann::json const &j);
-
-    json to_json() const;
+    std::string role_list;
 };
 
-struct layer_map
-{
-    using json = nlohmann::json;
-
-    using storage_type = std::map<int, struct layer>;
-    using layers_type = std::vector<uint32_t>;
-    using role_to_layer_map = std::vector<std::pair<std::string, int>>;
-    using addsurf_layer_map = std::map<int, int>;
-
-    storage_type mapping; // map surface_id to layer
-    layers_type layers;   // the actual layer IDs we have
-    int main_surface;
-    std::string main_surface_name;
-    role_to_layer_map roles;
-    addsurf_layer_map surfaces; // additional surfaces on layers
-
-    optional<int> get_layer_id(int surface_id);
-    optional<int> get_layer_id(std::string const &role);
-    optional<struct LayoutState *> get_layout_state(int surface_id)
-    {
-        int layer_id = *this->get_layer_id(surface_id);
-        auto i = this->mapping.find(layer_id);
-        return i == this->mapping.end()
-                   ? nullopt
-                   : optional<struct LayoutState *>(&i->second.state);
-    }
-    optional<struct layer> get_layer(int layer_id)
-    {
-        auto i = this->mapping.find(layer_id);
-        return i == this->mapping.end() ? nullopt
-                                        : optional<struct layer>(i->second);
-    }
-
-    layers_type::size_type get_layers_count() const
-    {
-        return this->layers.size();
-    }
-
-    void add_surface(int surface_id, int layer_id)
-    {
-        this->surfaces[surface_id] = layer_id;
-    }
-
-    void remove_surface(int surface_id)
-    {
-        this->surfaces.erase(surface_id);
-    }
-
-    json to_json() const;
-    void setupArea(double scaling);
-    compositor::rect getAreaSize(const std::string &area);
-    int loadAreaDb();
-
-  private:
-    std::unordered_map<std::string, compositor::rect> area2size;
-
-    static const char *kDefaultAreaDb;
-};
-
-struct result<struct layer_map> to_layer_map(nlohmann::json const &j);
-
-static const nlohmann::json default_layers_json = {
-   {"main_surface", {
-      {"surface_role", "HomeScreen"}
-   }},
-   {"mappings", {
-      {
-         {"role", "^HomeScreen$"},
-         {"name", "HomeScreen"},
-         {"layer_id", 1000},
-         {"area", {
-            {"type", "full"}
-         }}
-      },
-      {
-         {"role", "MediaPlayer|Radio|Phone|Navigation|HVAC|Settings|Dashboard|POI|Mixer"},
-         {"name", "apps"},
-         {"layer_id", 1001},
-         {"area", {
-            {"type", "rect"},
-            {"rect", {
-               {"x", 0},
-               {"y", 218},
-               {"width", -1},
-               {"height", -433}
-            }}
-         }}
-      },
-      {
-         {"role", "^OnScreen.*"},
-         {"name", "popups"},
-         {"layer_id", 9999},
-         {"area", {
-            {"type", "rect"},
-            {"rect", {
-               {"x", 0},
-               {"y", 760},
-               {"width", -1},
-               {"height", 400}
-            }}
-         }}
-      }
-   }}
-};
 } // namespace wm
 
-#endif // WM_LAYERS_H
+#endif // WM_LAYER_HPP
diff --git a/src/wm_layer_control.cpp b/src/wm_layer_control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..951c840
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/wm_layer_control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,594 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include "wm_layer_control.hpp"
+#include "wm_layer.hpp"
+#include "wm_client.hpp"
+#include "request.hpp"
+#include "json_helper.hpp"
+
+#define LC_AREA_PATH "/etc/areas.db"
+#define LC_LAYER_SETTING_PATH "/etc/layers.json"
+#define LC_DEFAULT_AREA "fullscreen"
+#define BACK_GROUND_LAYER "BackGroundLayer"
+
+using std::string;
+using std::vector;
+using std::shared_ptr;
+
+namespace wm {
+
+LayerControl* g_lc_ctxt;
+
+static void createCallback_static(ilmObjectType object,
+                            t_ilm_uint id,
+                            t_ilm_bool created,
+                            void* data)
+{
+    static_cast<LayerControl*>(data)->dispatchCreateEvent(object, id, created);
+}
+
+static void surfaceCallback_static(t_ilm_surface surface,
+            struct ilmSurfaceProperties* surface_prop,
+            t_ilm_notification_mask mask)
+{
+    g_lc_ctxt->dispatchSurfacePropChangeEvent(surface, surface_prop, mask);
+}
+
+static void layerCallback_static(t_ilm_layer layer,
+            struct ilmLayerProperties* layer_prop,
+            t_ilm_notification_mask mask)
+{
+    g_lc_ctxt->dispatchLayerPropChangeEvent(layer, layer_prop, mask);
+}
+
+LayerControl::LayerControl(const std::string& root)
+{
+    string area_path = root + LC_AREA_PATH;
+    string layer_path= root + LC_LAYER_SETTING_PATH;
+    // load layers.setting.json
+    WMError ret = this->loadLayerSetting(layer_path);
+    assert(ret == WMError::SUCCESS);
+    // load areas.json
+    ret = this->loadAreaDb(area_path);
+    assert(ret == WMError::SUCCESS);
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::init(const LayerControlCallbacks& cb)
+{
+    HMI_DEBUG("Initialize of ilm library and display");
+    t_ilm_uint num = 0;
+    t_ilm_uint *ids;
+    int cnt = 0;
+    ilmErrorTypes rc = ilm_init();
+
+    while (rc != ILM_SUCCESS)
+    {
+        cnt++;
+        if (20 <= cnt)
+        {
+            HMI_ERROR("Could not connect to compositor");
+            goto lc_init_error;
+        }
+        HMI_ERROR("Wait to start weston ...");
+        sleep(1);
+        rc = ilm_init();
+    }
+    if(rc != ILM_SUCCESS) goto lc_init_error;
+
+    // Get current screen setting
+    rc = ilm_getScreenIDs(&num, &ids);
+
+    if(rc != ILM_SUCCESS) goto lc_init_error;
+
+    for(unsigned i = 0; i < num; i++)
+    {
+        HMI_INFO("get screen: %d", ids[i]);
+    }
+    // Currently, 0 is only available
+    this->screenID = ids[0];
+
+    rc = ilm_getPropertiesOfScreen(this->screenID, &this->screen_prop);
+
+    if(rc != ILM_SUCCESS) goto lc_init_error;
+
+    // Register Callback to Window Manager and from ILM
+    this->cb = cb;
+    ilm_registerNotification(createCallback_static, this);
+
+    return WMError::SUCCESS;
+
+lc_init_error:
+    HMI_ERROR("Failed to initialize. Terminate WM");
+
+    return WMError::FAIL;
+}
+
+unsigned LayerControl::getLayerID(const string& role)
+{
+    unsigned ret = 0;
+    for(const auto& l: this->wm_layers)
+    {
+        if(l->hasRole(role))
+        {
+            ret = l->layerID();
+        }
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void LayerControl::addSurface(unsigned surface, unsigned layer)
+{
+    ilm_layerAddSurface(layer, surface);
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+}
+
+void LayerControl::createLayers()
+{
+    for(const auto &layer : this->wm_layers)
+    {
+        unsigned id = layer->layerID();
+        HMI_INFO("create new ID :%d", id);
+        struct rect rct = this->area2size[LC_DEFAULT_AREA];
+        ilm_layerCreateWithDimension(&id, rct.w, rct.h);
+        //ilm_layerSetSourceRectangle(id, rct.x, rct.y, rct.w, rct.h);
+        ilm_layerSetDestinationRectangle(id, this->offset_x, this->offset_y, rct.w, rct.h);
+        ilm_layerSetOpacity(id, 1.0);
+        ilm_layerSetVisibility(id, ILM_TRUE);
+        ilm_commitChanges();
+        /* auto wm_layer = getWMLayer(id);
+        wm_layer->addLayerToState(id); */
+    }
+    this->renderLayers();
+}
+
+shared_ptr<WMLayer> LayerControl::getWMLayer(unsigned layer)
+{
+    unsigned uuid = this->lid2wmlid[layer];
+    return this->wm_layers[uuid];
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<WMLayer> LayerControl::getWMLayer(std::string layer_name)
+{
+    for(auto &l : this->wm_layers)
+    {
+        if(l->layerName() == layer_name)
+        {
+            return l;
+        }
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+struct rect LayerControl::getAreaSize(const std::string& area)
+{
+    return area2size[area];
+}
+
+void LayerControl::setupArea(const rectangle& base_rct, double scaling)
+{
+    this->scaling = scaling;
+    this->offset_x = base_rct.left();
+    this->offset_y = base_rct.top();
+
+    for (auto &i : this->area2size)
+    {
+        i.second.x = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.x + 0.5);
+        i.second.y = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.y + 0.5);
+        i.second.w = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.w + 0.5);
+        i.second.h = static_cast<int>(scaling * i.second.h + 0.5);
+
+        HMI_DEBUG("area:%s size(after) : x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d",
+            i.first.c_str(), i.second.x, i.second.y, i.second.w, i.second.h);
+    }
+}
+
+Screen LayerControl::getScreenInfo()
+{
+    return Screen(this->screen_prop.screenWidth, this->screen_prop.screenHeight);
+}
+
+double LayerControl::scale()
+{
+    return this->scaling;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::renderLayers()
+{
+    HMI_INFO("Commit change");
+    WMError rc = WMError::SUCCESS;
+
+    // Create render order
+    t_ilm_layer* id_array = new t_ilm_layer[this->wm_layers.size()];
+    if(id_array == nullptr)
+    {
+        HMI_WARNING("short memory");
+        return WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+    int count = 0;
+    for(const auto& i : this->wm_layers)
+    {
+        id_array[count] = i->layerID();
+        ++count;
+    }
+
+    // Display
+    ilmErrorTypes ret = ilm_displaySetRenderOrder(this->screenID, id_array, this->wm_layers.size());
+    if(ret != ILM_SUCCESS)
+    {
+        rc = WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+    delete id_array;
+    return rc;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::setXDGSurfaceOriginSize(unsigned surface)
+{
+    WMError ret = WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
+    ilmSurfaceProperties prop;
+    ilmErrorTypes rc = ilm_getPropertiesOfSurface(surface, &prop);
+    if(rc == ILM_SUCCESS)
+    {
+        HMI_INFO("xdg surface info %d, %d", prop.origSourceWidth, prop.origSourceHeight);
+        ilm_surfaceSetSourceRectangle(surface, 0, 0, prop.origSourceWidth, prop.origSourceHeight);
+        ret = WMError::SUCCESS;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::loadLayerSetting(const string &path)
+{
+    HMI_DEBUG("loading WMLayer(Application Containers) Setting from %s", path);
+
+    json_object *json_obj, *json_cfg;
+    int ret = jh::inputJsonFilie(path.c_str(), &json_obj);
+    if (0 > ret)
+    {
+        HMI_ERROR("Could not open %s", path.c_str());
+        return WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+    HMI_INFO("json_obj dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_obj));
+
+    if (!json_object_object_get_ex(json_obj, "mappings", &json_cfg))
+    {
+        HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
+        return WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+
+    int len = json_object_array_length(json_cfg);
+    HMI_DEBUG("json_cfg len:%d", len);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+    {
+        json_object *json_tmp = json_object_array_get_idx(json_cfg, i);
+        HMI_DEBUG("> json_tmp dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_tmp));
+
+        this->wm_layers.emplace_back(std::make_shared<WMLayer>(json_tmp));
+    }
+    json_object_put(json_obj);
+
+    return WMError::SUCCESS;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::loadAreaDb(const std::string& path)
+{
+    // Load area.db
+    json_object *json_obj;
+    int ret = jh::inputJsonFilie(path.c_str(), &json_obj);
+    if (0 > ret)
+    {
+        HMI_ERROR("Could not open %s", path.c_str());
+        return WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+    HMI_INFO("json_obj dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_obj));
+
+    // Perse areas
+    json_object *json_cfg;
+    if (!json_object_object_get_ex(json_obj, "areas", &json_cfg))
+    {
+        HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
+        return WMError::FAIL;
+    }
+
+    int len = json_object_array_length(json_cfg);
+    HMI_DEBUG("json_cfg len:%d", len);
+
+    const char *area;
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
+    {
+        json_object *json_tmp = json_object_array_get_idx(json_cfg, i);
+        HMI_DEBUG("> json_tmp dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_tmp));
+
+        area = jh::getStringFromJson(json_tmp, "name");
+        if (nullptr == area)
+        {
+            HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
+            return WMError::FAIL;
+        }
+        HMI_DEBUG("> area:%s", area);
+
+        json_object *json_rect;
+        if (!json_object_object_get_ex(json_tmp, "rect", &json_rect))
+        {
+            HMI_ERROR("Parse Error!!");
+            return WMError::FAIL;
+        }
+        HMI_DEBUG("> json_rect dump:%s", json_object_get_string(json_rect));
+
+        struct rect area_size;
+        area_size.x = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "x");
+        area_size.y = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "y");
+        area_size.w = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "w");
+        area_size.h = jh::getIntFromJson(json_rect, "h");
+
+        this->area2size[area] = area_size;
+    }
+
+    // Check
+    for (const auto& itr : this->area2size)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("area:%s x:%d y:%d w:%d h:%d",
+                  itr.first.c_str(), itr.second.x, itr.second.y,
+                  itr.second.w, itr.second.h);
+    }
+
+    // Release json_object
+    json_object_put(json_obj);
+
+    return WMError::SUCCESS;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::layoutChange(const WMAction& action)
+{
+    if (action.visible == TaskVisible::INVISIBLE)
+    {
+        // Visibility is not change -> no redraw is required
+        return WMError::SUCCESS;
+    }
+    if(action.client == nullptr)
+    {
+        HMI_SEQ_ERROR(action.req_num, "client may vanish");
+        return WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
+    }
+    unsigned surface = action.client->surfaceID(action.role);
+
+    auto rect = this->getAreaSize(action.area);
+    HMI_DEBUG("Set layout %d, %d, %d, %d",rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h);
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+    ilm_surfaceSetDestinationRectangle(surface, rect.x, rect.y, rect.w, rect.h);
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+
+    return WMError::SUCCESS;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::visibilityChange(const WMAction& action)
+{
+    WMError ret = WMError::FAIL;
+    if(action.client == nullptr)
+    {
+        HMI_SEQ_ERROR(action.req_num, "client may vanish");
+        return WMError::NOT_REGISTERED;
+    }
+
+    if (action.visible == TaskVisible::VISIBLE)
+    {
+        ret = this->makeVisible(action.client, action.role);
+    }
+    else if (action.visible == TaskVisible::INVISIBLE)
+    {
+        ret = this->makeInvisible(action.client, action.role);
+    }
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void LayerControl::dispatchCreateEvent(ilmObjectType object, unsigned id, bool created)
+{
+    if (ILM_SURFACE == object)
+    {
+        if (created)
+        {
+            ilmSurfaceProperties sp;
+            ilmErrorTypes rc;
+            rc = ilm_getPropertiesOfSurface(id, &sp);
+            if(rc != ILM_SUCCESS)
+            {
+                HMI_ERROR("Failed to get surface %d property due to %d", id, ilm_getError());
+                return;
+            }
+            this->cb.surfaceCreated(sp.creatorPid, id);
+            ilm_surfaceAddNotification(id, surfaceCallback_static);
+            ilm_surfaceSetType(id, ILM_SURFACETYPE_DESKTOP);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            this->cb.surfaceDestroyed(id);
+        }
+    }
+    if (ILM_LAYER == object)
+    {
+        if(created)
+        {
+            ilm_layerAddNotification(id, layerCallback_static);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            // Ignore here. Nothing to do currently.
+            // Process of application dead is handled by Window Manager
+            // from binder notification
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void LayerControl::dispatchSurfacePropChangeEvent(unsigned id,
+        struct ilmSurfaceProperties* sprop,
+        t_ilm_notification_mask mask)
+{
+    /*
+      ILM_NOTIFICATION_CONTENT_AVAILABLE & ILM_NOTIFICATION_CONTENT_REMOVED
+      are not handled here, handled in create/destroy event
+     */
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_VISIBILITY & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface %d turns visibility %d", id, sprop->visibility);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_OPACITY & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface %d turns opacity %f", id, sprop->opacity);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_SOURCE_RECT & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface %d source rect changes", id);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_DEST_RECT & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface %d dest rect changes", id);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_CONFIGURED & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("surface %d size %d, %d, %d, %d", id,
+            sprop->sourceX, sprop->sourceY, sprop->origSourceWidth, sprop->origSourceHeight);
+        ilm_surfaceSetSourceRectangle(id, 0, 0, sprop->origSourceWidth, sprop->origSourceHeight);
+    }
+}
+
+void LayerControl::dispatchLayerPropChangeEvent(unsigned id,
+        struct ilmLayerProperties* lprop,
+        t_ilm_notification_mask mask)
+{
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_VISIBILITY & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("layer %d turns visibility %d", id, lprop->visibility);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_OPACITY & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("layer %d turns opacity %f", id, lprop->opacity);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_SOURCE_RECT & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("layer %d source rect changes", id);
+    }
+    if (ILM_NOTIFICATION_DEST_RECT & mask)
+    {
+        HMI_DEBUG("layer %d dest rect changes", id);
+    }
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::makeVisible(const shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const string& role)
+{
+    WMError ret = WMError::SUCCESS;
+    // Don't check here the client is not nullptr
+    unsigned surface = client->surfaceID(role);
+
+    this->moveForeGround(client, role);
+
+    ilm_surfaceSetVisibility(surface, ILM_TRUE);
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+WMError LayerControl::makeInvisible(const shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const string& role)
+{
+    WMError ret = WMError::SUCCESS;
+    unsigned surface = client->surfaceID(role); // Don't check here the client is not nullptr
+
+    bool mv_ok = this->moveBackGround(client, role);
+
+    if(!mv_ok)
+    {
+        HMI_INFO("make invisible client %s", client->appID().c_str());
+        ilm_surfaceSetVisibility(surface, ILM_FALSE);
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+bool LayerControl::moveBackGround(const shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const string& role)
+{
+    bool ret = false;
+    const char* label = role.c_str();
+
+    if ((0 == strcmp(label, "radio")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "music")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "video")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "map")))
+    {
+        unsigned surface = client->surfaceID(role);
+        this->surface_bg.push_back(surface);
+        auto bg = this->getWMLayer(BACK_GROUND_LAYER);
+        auto layer = 0;
+        for(const auto& l : this->wm_layers)
+        {
+            if(l->hasRole(role))
+            {
+                layer = l->layerID();
+                ilm_layerRemoveSurface(layer, surface);
+                ilm_layerAddSurface(bg->layerID(), surface);
+                ret = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+    return ret;
+}
+
+bool LayerControl::moveForeGround(const shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const string& role)
+{
+    bool ret = false;
+    const char* label = role.c_str();
+
+    // Move foreground from foreground layer
+    if ((0 == strcmp(label, "radio")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "music")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "video")) ||
+        (0 == strcmp(label, "map")))
+    {
+        for (auto i = surface_bg.begin(); i != surface_bg.end(); ++i)
+        {
+            if (client->surfaceID(role) == *i)
+            {
+                // Remove id
+                unsigned surface = *i;
+
+                this->surface_bg.erase(i);
+
+                // Remove from BG layer (999)
+                HMI_DEBUG("wm", "Remove %s(%d) from BG layer", label, surface);
+                auto bg = this->getWMLayer(BACK_GROUND_LAYER);
+                unsigned layer = 0;
+                for(const auto& l : this->wm_layers)
+                {
+                    if(l->hasRole(role))
+                    {
+                        layer = l->layerID();
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                ilm_layerRemoveSurface(bg->layerID(), surface);
+                ilm_layerAddSurface(layer, surface);
+                ret = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    ilm_commitChanges();
+    return ret;
+}
+
+} // namespace wm
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/wm_layer_control.hpp b/src/wm_layer_control.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5244bf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/wm_layer_control.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2017 TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <functional>
+#include <ilm/ilm_control.h>
+#include "wm_error.hpp"
+#include "util.hpp"
+
+namespace wm {
+
+class Screen {
+  public:
+    Screen(unsigned w, unsigned h) : _width(w), _height(h){}
+    unsigned width() { return _width; }
+    unsigned height() { return _height; }
+  private:
+    unsigned _width;
+    unsigned _height;
+    unsigned _pysical_width = 0;
+    unsigned _pysical_height = 0;
+};
+
+class LayerControlCallbacks {
+  public:
+    LayerControlCallbacks() {};
+    ~LayerControlCallbacks() = default;
+    LayerControlCallbacks(const LayerControlCallbacks &obj) = default;
+
+    // callback functions
+    std::function<void(unsigned, unsigned)> surfaceCreated;
+    std::function<void(unsigned)> surfaceDestroyed;
+    /*
+    std::function<void(unsigned)> layerCreated;
+    std::function<void(unsigned)> layerDestroyed;
+    */
+};
+
+class WMLayer;
+class LayerState;
+class WMAction;
+class WMClient;
+
+class LayerControl
+{
+  public:
+    explicit LayerControl(const std::string& root);
+    ~LayerControl() = default;
+    WMError init(const LayerControlCallbacks& cb);
+    void createLayers();
+    unsigned getLayerID(const std::string& role);
+    std::shared_ptr<WMLayer> getWMLayer(unsigned layer);
+    std::shared_ptr<WMLayer> getWMLayer(std::string layer_name);
+    struct rect getAreaSize(const std::string& area);
+    void setupArea(const rectangle& base_rct, double scaling);
+    Screen getScreenInfo();
+    double scale();
+    WMError renderLayers();
+    WMError setXDGSurfaceOriginSize(unsigned surface);
+    WMError layoutChange(const WMAction& action);
+    WMError visibilityChange(const WMAction &action);
+    void addSurface(unsigned surface, unsigned layer);
+
+    // Don't use this function.
+    void dispatchCreateEvent(ilmObjectType object, unsigned id, bool created);
+    void dispatchSurfacePropChangeEvent(unsigned id, struct ilmSurfaceProperties*, t_ilm_notification_mask);
+    void dispatchLayerPropChangeEvent(unsigned id, struct ilmLayerProperties*, t_ilm_notification_mask);
+
+  private:
+    WMError makeVisible(const std::shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const std::string& role);
+    WMError makeInvisible(const std::shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const std::string& role);
+    bool moveForeGround(const std::shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const std::string& role);
+    bool moveBackGround(const std::shared_ptr<WMClient> client, const std::string& role);
+    WMError loadLayerSetting(const std::string& path);
+    WMError loadAreaDb(const std::string& path);
+
+    std::vector<unsigned> surface_bg; // For CES demo
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<WMLayer>> wm_layers;
+    std::unordered_map<unsigned, unsigned> lid2wmlid;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, struct rect> area2size;
+    unsigned screenID;
+    struct ilmScreenProperties screen_prop;
+    double scaling;
+    int offset_x;
+    int offset_y;
+    LayerControlCallbacks cb;
+};
+
+} // namespace wm
\ No newline at end of file