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authorFulup Ar Foll <fulup@iot.bzh>2016-02-09 18:40:49 +0100
committerFulup Ar Foll <fulup@iot.bzh>2016-02-09 18:40:49 +0100
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treeaf968a8ac5d4fde1f3cebcec5fb0973eb2bfb2cb /afb-client/bower_components/tether/docs/intro.md
parent12a3520ba440316c76b95d92a684666f03f7b47d (diff)
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+<script src="tether.js"></script>
+<script src="js/markAttachment.js"></script>
+<script src="docs/js/intro.js"></script>
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="docs/css/intro.css"></link>
+
+Tether
+======
+
+Tether is a JavaScript library for efficiently making an absolutely positioned
+element stay next to another element on the page. For example, you might
+want a tooltip or dialog to open, and remain, next to the relevant item
+on the page.
+
+Tether includes the ability to constrain the element within the viewport, its
+scroll parent, any other element on the page, or a fixed bounding box. When it
+exceeds those constraints it can be pinned to the edge, flip to the other
+side of its target, or hide itself.
+
+Tether optimizes its location placement to result in the minimum amount of
+'jankyness' as the page is scrolled and resized. The page can maintain 60fps
+scrolling even with dozens or hundreds of tethers on screen (pop open the
+devtools timeline as you scroll this page).
+
+Tether is 5kb minified and gzipped, and supports IE9+, and all modern
+browsers.
+
+<h2 class="projects-header">Projects Built With Tether</h2>
+<p class="projects-paragraph">
+<a href="http://github.hubspot.com/select/docs/welcome"><span>Select</span><img src="http://github.hubspot.com/os-icons/select-icon.png" /></a>
+<a href="http://github.hubspot.com/drop/docs/welcome"><span>Drop</span><img src="http://github.hubspot.com/os-icons/drop-icon.png" /></a>
+<a href="http://github.hubspot.com/tooltip/docs/welcome"><span>Tooltip</span><img src="http://github.hubspot.com/os-icons/tooltip-icon.png" /></a>
+<a href="http://github.hubspot.com/shepherd/docs/welcome"><span>Shepherd</span><img src="http://github.hubspot.com/os-icons/shepherd-icon.png" /></a>
+</p>
+
+Usage
+-----
+
+The element to be moved is called the 'element'.
+The element in the page it's to be attached to is called the 'target'.
+
+To use Tether, you define a point on the target and a point on the element.
+Tether moves the element to keep those two points on top of each other.
+
+That point is called the attachment (we've marked it in the examples with
+a red <span class="attachment-mark"></span>). For example, if you'd like
+the element to sit on the left of the target:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example='usage'>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top right',
+ targetAttachment: 'top left'
+});
+</code></pre><output data-example='usage'></output>
+
+Attachment
+----------
+
+You can move the attachment points of both the element and the target.
+
+For example, lets move the element's attachment:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: <mark>'bottom left'</mark>,
+ targetAttachment: 'top left'
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+We can also change the target's attachment point:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'bottom left',
+ targetAttachment: <mark>'bottom right'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+There are two more attachment points we haven't seen yet, center and middle:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: <mark>'middle center'</mark>,
+ targetAttachment: <mark>'middle center'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+All told, Tether provides six built in attachment positions:
+
+- left
+- center
+- right
+- top
+- middle
+- bottom
+
+The syntax of the attachment properties is: `"vertical-attachment horizontal-attachment"`
+
+You must always supply an `attachment`. If you don't supply a `target-attachment`, it is
+assumed to be the mirror image of `attachment`.
+
+### Offset
+
+The six attachment points we provide are not always enough to place the element
+exactly where you want it. To correct this, we provide two more properties,
+`offset` and `targetOffset`.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top right',
+ targetAttachment: 'top left',
+ <mark>offset: '0 10px'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+As you can see, we've moved the attachment point of the element 10px to the right.
+We can also move the attachment point of the target:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top right',
+ targetAttachment: 'top left',
+ offset: '0 10px',
+ <mark>targetOffset: '20px 0'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+The offset properties also accept percentages. Percentages in `offset` refer to
+the height and width of the element, `targetOffset` the height and width of
+the target.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top right',
+ targetAttachment: 'top left',
+ targetOffset: <mark>'0 75%'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+The syntax of the offset properties is `"vertical-offset horizontal-offset"`
+
+Tether offers a couple of special attachments, using the `targetModifier`
+option:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: scrollBox,
+ attachment: 'middle right',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle left',
+ targetModifier: 'scroll-handle'
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+Set the target to `document.body` to have the element follow the page's scroll bar.
+
+The `targetModifier` `visible` can be used to attach an element to the visible part
+of an element:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: document.body,
+ attachment: 'middle center',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle center',
+ <mark>targetModifier: 'visible'</mark>
+});
+</code></pre><output deactivated></output>
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example="scroll-visible">new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ <mark>target: scrollBox</mark>,
+ attachment: 'middle center',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle center',
+ targetModifier: 'visible'
+});
+</code></pre><output class="no-green scroll-page" data-example="scroll-visible"></output>
+
+Constraints
+-----------
+
+If you have tried any of the previous examples, you'll notice that it's pretty
+easy to scroll the regions in such a way that the element is hanging out on
+its own, with no target in sight.
+
+Constraints allow you to control what happens when the tethered element would
+have to fall outside of a defined region to maintain the attachment.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'middle left',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle left',
+ <mark>constraints</mark>: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ pin: true
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+We've created a constraint which will keep the element within its scroll
+parent by 'pinning' it to the edges if it tries to escape. For the sake
+of the example, we're also highlighting the pinned edge in red.
+
+Specify an array of sides if you'd only like to pin those edges:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'middle left',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ pin: <mark>['top']</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+You might want to allow the element to change its attachment, if doing so
+would keep more of it within its assigned region:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ <mark>attachment: 'together'</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+If you scroll the example a bit, you'll see it flip the attachment when necessary.
+You can combine `pin` and `attachment` as well:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ attachment: 'together',
+ <mark>pin: true</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+Attachment will accept any of these values:
+
+- `element`: Only change the element's attachment
+- `target`: Only change the target's attachment
+- `both`: Change either's attachment (or both), as needed
+- `together`: Change both the element's and target's attachment at the same time (to
+'flip' the element to the other side of the attachment)
+- `none`: Don't allow changes to attachment (the default)
+
+Together is the option you will use most commonly:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top right',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ attachment: <mark>'together'</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+You can also provide different settings for the horizontal
+and vertical attachments:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent',
+ attachment: <mark>'together none'</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+Whenever the element is out of the constrained area, we add the `tether-out-of-bounds`
+class to it. If you add some CSS to make items with that class `display: none`, the
+tether will hide.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example="hide">new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'middle center',
+ targetAttachment: 'middle center',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'scrollParent'
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output data-example="hide"></output>
+
+You can also constrain the element to the viewport, you'll have to scroll the
+page to see this one.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example="window">new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: <mark>'window'</mark>,
+ attachment: 'together'
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output data-example="window" class="scroll-page"></output>
+
+You can, of course, use pin with the window as well to
+make it always visible no matter where the user scrolls:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: 'window',
+ attachment: 'together',
+ <mark>pin: true</mark>
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output deactivated class="scroll-page visible-enabled"></output>
+
+`to` can be any of:
+
+- `'scrollParent'`
+- `'window'`
+- any DOM element
+- an array of bound points relative to the body `[X1, Y1, X2, Y2]`
+
+You can also provide multiple constraints, keeping in mind that they are
+processed in the order supplied (the last one always has the final word).
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ constraints: [
+ {
+ to: <mark>'scrollParent'</mark>,
+ pin: true
+ },
+ {
+ to: <mark>'window'</mark>,
+ attachment: 'together'
+ }
+ ]
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+Optimization
+------------
+
+### Element Moving
+
+The goal of Tether's optimizer is to not have to change the positioning
+CSS as the page is scrolled or resized. To accomplish this it looks at the
+last few positions, finds commonalities, and uses them to decide whether to
+position the element absolutely or with fixed positioning.
+
+If the element is fully contained within its scroll parent, its DOM node
+can also be moved inside the scroll parent, to avoid repaints as the
+container is scrolled.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example="optimizer">new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left'
+});
+</code></pre><output data-example="optimizer"></output>
+
+We are moving where the DOM node is, so if you have CSS which styles elements
+within the offset parent, you may see some rendering changes. Also note
+that this optimization works best if the scroll parent is the offset parent.
+In other words, **the scroll parent should be made position relative, fixed or
+absolute to enable this optimization.**
+
+If you do see stylistic changes occur when the element is moved,
+you might want to disable this optimization. You can do that by
+setting `optimizations.moveElement` to false.
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example="optimizer2">new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ targetAttachment: 'bottom left',
+ optimizations: {
+ <mark>moveElement: false</mark>
+ }
+});
+</code></pre><output data-example="optimizer2"></output>
+
+### GPU
+
+By default tether positions elements using CSS transforms. These transforms allow the
+tethered element to be moved as its own layer to not force a repaint of the underlying
+page.
+
+This method of positioning can cause some issues however, including color shifts and artifacts.
+
+If you experience these issues, you can disable this optimization by setting `optimizations.gpu`
+to false:
+
+<pre class="pre-with-output"><code class="lang-javascript" data-example>new Tether({
+ element: yellowBox,
+ target: greenBox,
+ attachment: 'top left',
+ optimizations: {
+ <mark>gpu: false</mark>
+ }
+});
+</code></pre><output></output>
+
+Methods
+-------
+
+The `Tether` constructor we've been using in these examples returns us a
+`Tether` object.
+
+The `Tether` object has these methods:
+
+- `setOptions({ options })` - Update any of the options (such as attachment)
+- `disable()` - Disable the tethering
+- `enable()` - Enable the tethering
+- `destroy()` - Disable and remove all references
+- `position()` - Manually trigger a repositioning
+
+Options
+-------
+
+The full list of options which can be passed to the `Tether` constructor and
+`setOptions`:
+
+- `element`: The DOM element, jQuery element, or a selector string of an element which will be moved
+- `target`: The DOM element, jQuery element, or a selector string of an element which the `element` will be attached to
+- `attachment`: A string of the form `'vert-attachment horiz-attachment'`
+ - `vert-attachment` can be any of `'top'`, `'middle'`, `'bottom'`
+ - `horiz-attachment` can be any of `'left'`, `'center'`, `'right'`
+- `targetAttachment`: A string similar to `attachment`.
+ The one difference is that, if it's not provided, targetAttachment will assume the mirror
+ image of `attachment`.
+- `offset`: A string of the form `'vert-offset horiz-offset'`
+ - `vert-offset` and `horiz-offset` can be of the form `"20px"` or `"55%"`
+- `targetOffset`: A string similar to `offset`, but refering to the offset of the target
+- `targetModifier`: Can be set to `'visible'` or `'scroll-handle'`
+- `enabled`: Should the tether be enabled initially? Defaults to `true`.
+- `classes`: A hash of classes which should be changed or disabled
+- `classPrefix`: The prefix placed at the beginning of the default classes, defaults to `'tether'`
+- `optimizations`: A hash of optimizations, used to disable them
+- `constraints`: An array of constraint definition objects. Each definition is of the form:
+ - `to`: A DOM element, bounding box, the string `'window'`, or the string `'scrollParent'`
+ - `pin`: `true` or an array of strings representing the sides of the constraint
+ - `attachment`: A string of the form `"vert-modifier horiz-modifier"`, or a single value
+ representing both
+ - Each modifier should be one of `"none"`, `"together"`, `"element"`, `"target"`, or `"both"`.
+ - `outOfBoundsClass`: An alternative to `"tether-out-of-bounds"`, useful if the class
+ needs to be differentiated from that of another constraint.
+ - `pinnedClass`: An alternative to `"tether-pinned"`, similar to `outOfBoundsClass`.
+
+Classes
+-------
+
+Tether adds a variety of classes to the element and target to allow you to style
+them based on their tethering.
+
+You can change the prefix of the classes with the `classPrefix` option. It is `'tether'` by
+default, but you could, for example, change it to be `'bill'` if you were building the bill
+library and all the classes would be `'bill-*'`.
+
+```javascript
+new Tether({
+ classPrefix: 'bill'
+});
+```
+
+The sass/css is similarily configurable, see
+[tooltip](https://github.com/HubSpot/tooltip/blob/master/sass/tooltip-theme-arrows.sass#L14) for
+an example of how to make your own prefixed css file.
+
+All classes can be changed or disabled with the `classes` option. For example, to change the
+`tether-element` class to be `my-box`:
+
+```javascript
+new Tether({
+ classes: {
+ element: 'my-box'
+ }
+});
+```
+
+You can also disable classes you're not going to use:
+
+```javascript
+new Tether({
+ classes: {
+ out-of-bounds: false
+ }
+});
+```
+
+- `tether-element` is added to the element
+- `tether-target` is added to the target
+- `tether-enabled` is added to both elements when tether is not disabled
+- `tether-element-attached-[left,right,top,bottom,middle,center]` is added to both
+elements based on the elements attachment, if the element becomes detached (for
+example, if it's pinned), that class is removed. The class reflects how the
+element is actually attached, so if a constraint changes the attachment, that
+change will be reflected in the class.
+- `tether-target-attached-[left,right,top,bottom,middle,center]` is added to both
+elements based on the target's attachment. All of the characteristics are the
+same as for element-attached.
+
+### Constraint-related Classes
+
+- `tether-out-of-bounds`, `tether-out-of-bounds-[side]` are added to both the element and the target
+when the element is placed outside of its constraint.
+- `tether-pinned`, `tether-pinned-[side]` are added to both the element and target when a constraint
+has pinned the element to the [side] of the container.
+
+Browser Support
+---------------
+
+Tether supports IE9+, and all modern browsers.
+
+Google doesn't support IE8, Microsoft is dropping support in a few months, and not supporting it saves
+us a whole lot of trouble. If you are interested in adding support, get in touch, we're happy to accept
+a PR.
+
+Contributing
+------------
+
+Please contribute! Tether is developed in Coffeescript, but if that's problematic for you, feel free
+to submit pull requests which just change the JavaScript files, we can adapt them as needed.
+
+To build Tether, you need:
+
+- Node.js
+- Ruby (for compass)
+
+#### Instructions
+
+- Install compass (if you don't have it already)
+
+```bash
+gem update --system
+gem install compass
+```
+
+- Install the build tool
+
+```bash
+npm install -g gulp
+```
+
+- Install the project
+
+```bash
+# In the project directory
+npm install
+```
+
+- Build / Watch
+
+```bash
+gulp
+```