diff options
| author |   Timos Ampelikiotis <t.ampelikiotis@virtualopensystems.com> | 2023-10-10 11:40:56 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Timos Ampelikiotis <t.ampelikiotis@virtualopensystems.com> | 2023-10-10 11:40:56 +0000 |
| commit | e02cda008591317b1625707ff8e115a4841aa889 (patch) | |
| tree | aee302e3cf8b59ec2d32ec481be3d1afddfc8968 /include/exec/memory.h | |
| parent | cc668e6b7e0ffd8c9d130513d12053cf5eda1d3b (diff) | |
Introduce Virtio-loopback epsilon release:
Epsilon release introduces a new compatibility layer which make virtio-loopback
design to work with QEMU and rust-vmm vhost-user backend without require any
changes.
Signed-off-by: Timos Ampelikiotis <t.ampelikiotis@virtualopensystems.com>
Change-Id: I52e57563e08a7d0bdc002f8e928ee61ba0c53dd9
Diffstat (limited to 'include/exec/memory.h')
| -rw-r--r-- | include/exec/memory.h | 2986 |
1 files changed, 2986 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/include/exec/memory.h b/include/exec/memory.h new file mode 100644 index 000000000..20f1b2737 --- /dev/null +++ b/include/exec/memory.h @@ -0,0 +1,2986 @@ +/* + * Physical memory management API + * + * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates + * + * Authors: + * Avi Kivity <avi@redhat.com> + * + * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See + * the COPYING file in the top-level directory. + * + */ + +#ifndef MEMORY_H +#define MEMORY_H + +#ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY + +#include "exec/cpu-common.h" +#include "exec/hwaddr.h" +#include "exec/memattrs.h" +#include "exec/memop.h" +#include "exec/ramlist.h" +#include "qemu/bswap.h" +#include "qemu/queue.h" +#include "qemu/int128.h" +#include "qemu/notify.h" +#include "qom/object.h" +#include "qemu/rcu.h" + +#define RAM_ADDR_INVALID (~(ram_addr_t)0) + +#define MAX_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS 62 +#define MAX_PHYS_ADDR (((hwaddr)1 << MAX_PHYS_ADDR_SPACE_BITS) - 1) + +#define TYPE_MEMORY_REGION "memory-region" +DECLARE_INSTANCE_CHECKER(MemoryRegion, MEMORY_REGION, + TYPE_MEMORY_REGION) + +#define TYPE_IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION "iommu-memory-region" +typedef struct IOMMUMemoryRegionClass IOMMUMemoryRegionClass; +DECLARE_OBJ_CHECKERS(IOMMUMemoryRegion, IOMMUMemoryRegionClass, + IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION, TYPE_IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION) + +#define TYPE_RAM_DISCARD_MANAGER "qemu:ram-discard-manager" +typedef struct RamDiscardManagerClass RamDiscardManagerClass; +typedef struct RamDiscardManager RamDiscardManager; +DECLARE_OBJ_CHECKERS(RamDiscardManager, RamDiscardManagerClass, + RAM_DISCARD_MANAGER, TYPE_RAM_DISCARD_MANAGER); + +#ifdef CONFIG_FUZZ +void fuzz_dma_read_cb(size_t addr, + size_t len, + MemoryRegion *mr); +#else +static inline void fuzz_dma_read_cb(size_t addr, + size_t len, + MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + /* Do Nothing */ +} +#endif + +/* Possible bits for global_dirty_log_{start|stop} */ + +/* Dirty tracking enabled because migration is running */ +#define GLOBAL_DIRTY_MIGRATION (1U << 0) + +/* Dirty tracking enabled because measuring dirty rate */ +#define GLOBAL_DIRTY_DIRTY_RATE (1U << 1) + +#define GLOBAL_DIRTY_MASK (0x3) + +extern unsigned int global_dirty_tracking; + +typedef struct MemoryRegionOps MemoryRegionOps; + +struct ReservedRegion { + hwaddr low; + hwaddr high; + unsigned type; +}; + +/** + * struct MemoryRegionSection: describes a fragment of a #MemoryRegion + * + * @mr: the region, or %NULL if empty + * @fv: the flat view of the address space the region is mapped in + * @offset_within_region: the beginning of the section, relative to @mr's start + * @size: the size of the section; will not exceed @mr's boundaries + * @offset_within_address_space: the address of the first byte of the section + * relative to the region's address space + * @readonly: writes to this section are ignored + * @nonvolatile: this section is non-volatile + */ +struct MemoryRegionSection { + Int128 size; + MemoryRegion *mr; + FlatView *fv; + hwaddr offset_within_region; + hwaddr offset_within_address_space; + bool readonly; + bool nonvolatile; +}; + +typedef struct IOMMUTLBEntry IOMMUTLBEntry; + +/* See address_space_translate: bit 0 is read, bit 1 is write. */ +typedef enum { + IOMMU_NONE = 0, + IOMMU_RO = 1, + IOMMU_WO = 2, + IOMMU_RW = 3, +} IOMMUAccessFlags; + +#define IOMMU_ACCESS_FLAG(r, w) (((r) ? IOMMU_RO : 0) | ((w) ? IOMMU_WO : 0)) + +struct IOMMUTLBEntry { + AddressSpace *target_as; + hwaddr iova; + hwaddr translated_addr; + hwaddr addr_mask; /* 0xfff = 4k translation */ + IOMMUAccessFlags perm; +}; + +/* + * Bitmap for different IOMMUNotifier capabilities. Each notifier can + * register with one or multiple IOMMU Notifier capability bit(s). + */ +typedef enum { + IOMMU_NOTIFIER_NONE = 0, + /* Notify cache invalidations */ + IOMMU_NOTIFIER_UNMAP = 0x1, + /* Notify entry changes (newly created entries) */ + IOMMU_NOTIFIER_MAP = 0x2, + /* Notify changes on device IOTLB entries */ + IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_UNMAP = 0x04, +} IOMMUNotifierFlag; + +#define IOMMU_NOTIFIER_IOTLB_EVENTS (IOMMU_NOTIFIER_MAP | IOMMU_NOTIFIER_UNMAP) +#define IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_EVENTS IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_UNMAP +#define IOMMU_NOTIFIER_ALL (IOMMU_NOTIFIER_IOTLB_EVENTS | \ + IOMMU_NOTIFIER_DEVIOTLB_EVENTS) + +struct IOMMUNotifier; +typedef void (*IOMMUNotify)(struct IOMMUNotifier *notifier, + IOMMUTLBEntry *data); + +struct IOMMUNotifier { + IOMMUNotify notify; + IOMMUNotifierFlag notifier_flags; + /* Notify for address space range start <= addr <= end */ + hwaddr start; + hwaddr end; + int iommu_idx; + QLIST_ENTRY(IOMMUNotifier) node; +}; +typedef struct IOMMUNotifier IOMMUNotifier; + +typedef struct IOMMUTLBEvent { + IOMMUNotifierFlag type; + IOMMUTLBEntry entry; +} IOMMUTLBEvent; + +/* RAM is pre-allocated and passed into qemu_ram_alloc_from_ptr */ +#define RAM_PREALLOC (1 << 0) + +/* RAM is mmap-ed with MAP_SHARED */ +#define RAM_SHARED (1 << 1) + +/* Only a portion of RAM (used_length) is actually used, and migrated. + * Resizing RAM while migrating can result in the migration being canceled. + */ +#define RAM_RESIZEABLE (1 << 2) + +/* UFFDIO_ZEROPAGE is available on this RAMBlock to atomically + * zero the page and wake waiting processes. + * (Set during postcopy) + */ +#define RAM_UF_ZEROPAGE (1 << 3) + +/* RAM can be migrated */ +#define RAM_MIGRATABLE (1 << 4) + +/* RAM is a persistent kind memory */ +#define RAM_PMEM (1 << 5) + + +/* + * UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT is used on this RAMBlock to + * support 'write-tracking' migration type. + * Implies ram_state->ram_wt_enabled. + */ +#define RAM_UF_WRITEPROTECT (1 << 6) + +/* + * RAM is mmap-ed with MAP_NORESERVE. When set, reserving swap space (or huge + * pages if applicable) is skipped: will bail out if not supported. When not + * set, the OS will do the reservation, if supported for the memory type. + */ +#define RAM_NORESERVE (1 << 7) + +/* RAM that isn't accessible through normal means. */ +#define RAM_PROTECTED (1 << 8) + +static inline void iommu_notifier_init(IOMMUNotifier *n, IOMMUNotify fn, + IOMMUNotifierFlag flags, + hwaddr start, hwaddr end, + int iommu_idx) +{ + n->notify = fn; + n->notifier_flags = flags; + n->start = start; + n->end = end; + n->iommu_idx = iommu_idx; +} + +/* + * Memory region callbacks + */ +struct MemoryRegionOps { + /* Read from the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is + * in bytes. */ + uint64_t (*read)(void *opaque, + hwaddr addr, + unsigned size); + /* Write to the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is + * in bytes. */ + void (*write)(void *opaque, + hwaddr addr, + uint64_t data, + unsigned size); + + MemTxResult (*read_with_attrs)(void *opaque, + hwaddr addr, + uint64_t *data, + unsigned size, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + MemTxResult (*write_with_attrs)(void *opaque, + hwaddr addr, + uint64_t data, + unsigned size, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + + enum device_endian endianness; + /* Guest-visible constraints: */ + struct { + /* If nonzero, specify bounds on access sizes beyond which a machine + * check is thrown. + */ + unsigned min_access_size; + unsigned max_access_size; + /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise unaligned + * accesses throw machine checks. + */ + bool unaligned; + /* + * If present, and returns #false, the transaction is not accepted + * by the device (and results in machine dependent behaviour such + * as a machine check exception). + */ + bool (*accepts)(void *opaque, hwaddr addr, + unsigned size, bool is_write, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + } valid; + /* Internal implementation constraints: */ + struct { + /* If nonzero, specifies the minimum size implemented. Smaller sizes + * will be rounded upwards and a partial result will be returned. + */ + unsigned min_access_size; + /* If nonzero, specifies the maximum size implemented. Larger sizes + * will be done as a series of accesses with smaller sizes. + */ + unsigned max_access_size; + /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise all accesses + * are converted to (possibly multiple) naturally aligned accesses. + */ + bool unaligned; + } impl; +}; + +typedef struct MemoryRegionClass { + /* private */ + ObjectClass parent_class; +} MemoryRegionClass; + + +enum IOMMUMemoryRegionAttr { + IOMMU_ATTR_SPAPR_TCE_FD +}; + +/* + * IOMMUMemoryRegionClass: + * + * All IOMMU implementations need to subclass TYPE_IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION + * and provide an implementation of at least the @translate method here + * to handle requests to the memory region. Other methods are optional. + * + * The IOMMU implementation must use the IOMMU notifier infrastructure + * to report whenever mappings are changed, by calling + * memory_region_notify_iommu() (or, if necessary, by calling + * memory_region_notify_iommu_one() for each registered notifier). + * + * Conceptually an IOMMU provides a mapping from input address + * to an output TLB entry. If the IOMMU is aware of memory transaction + * attributes and the output TLB entry depends on the transaction + * attributes, we represent this using IOMMU indexes. Each index + * selects a particular translation table that the IOMMU has: + * + * @attrs_to_index returns the IOMMU index for a set of transaction attributes + * + * @translate takes an input address and an IOMMU index + * + * and the mapping returned can only depend on the input address and the + * IOMMU index. + * + * Most IOMMUs don't care about the transaction attributes and support + * only a single IOMMU index. A more complex IOMMU might have one index + * for secure transactions and one for non-secure transactions. + */ +struct IOMMUMemoryRegionClass { + /* private: */ + MemoryRegionClass parent_class; + + /* public: */ + /** + * @translate: + * + * Return a TLB entry that contains a given address. + * + * The IOMMUAccessFlags indicated via @flag are optional and may + * be specified as IOMMU_NONE to indicate that the caller needs + * the full translation information for both reads and writes. If + * the access flags are specified then the IOMMU implementation + * may use this as an optimization, to stop doing a page table + * walk as soon as it knows that the requested permissions are not + * allowed. If IOMMU_NONE is passed then the IOMMU must do the + * full page table walk and report the permissions in the returned + * IOMMUTLBEntry. (Note that this implies that an IOMMU may not + * return different mappings for reads and writes.) + * + * The returned information remains valid while the caller is + * holding the big QEMU lock or is inside an RCU critical section; + * if the caller wishes to cache the mapping beyond that it must + * register an IOMMU notifier so it can invalidate its cached + * information when the IOMMU mapping changes. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + * + * @hwaddr: address to be translated within the memory region + * + * @flag: requested access permission + * + * @iommu_idx: IOMMU index for the translation + */ + IOMMUTLBEntry (*translate)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, hwaddr addr, + IOMMUAccessFlags flag, int iommu_idx); + /** + * @get_min_page_size: + * + * Returns minimum supported page size in bytes. + * + * If this method is not provided then the minimum is assumed to + * be TARGET_PAGE_SIZE. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + */ + uint64_t (*get_min_page_size)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu); + /** + * @notify_flag_changed: + * + * Called when IOMMU Notifier flag changes (ie when the set of + * events which IOMMU users are requesting notification for changes). + * Optional method -- need not be provided if the IOMMU does not + * need to know exactly which events must be notified. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + * + * @old_flags: events which previously needed to be notified + * + * @new_flags: events which now need to be notified + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative errno; in particular + * returns -EINVAL if the new flag bitmap is not supported by the + * IOMMU memory region. In case of failure, the error object + * must be created + */ + int (*notify_flag_changed)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, + IOMMUNotifierFlag old_flags, + IOMMUNotifierFlag new_flags, + Error **errp); + /** + * @replay: + * + * Called to handle memory_region_iommu_replay(). + * + * The default implementation of memory_region_iommu_replay() is to + * call the IOMMU translate method for every page in the address space + * with flag == IOMMU_NONE and then call the notifier if translate + * returns a valid mapping. If this method is implemented then it + * overrides the default behaviour, and must provide the full semantics + * of memory_region_iommu_replay(), by calling @notifier for every + * translation present in the IOMMU. + * + * Optional method -- an IOMMU only needs to provide this method + * if the default is inefficient or produces undesirable side effects. + * + * Note: this is not related to record-and-replay functionality. + */ + void (*replay)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, IOMMUNotifier *notifier); + + /** + * @get_attr: + * + * Get IOMMU misc attributes. This is an optional method that + * can be used to allow users of the IOMMU to get implementation-specific + * information. The IOMMU implements this method to handle calls + * by IOMMU users to memory_region_iommu_get_attr() by filling in + * the arbitrary data pointer for any IOMMUMemoryRegionAttr values that + * the IOMMU supports. If the method is unimplemented then + * memory_region_iommu_get_attr() will always return -EINVAL. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + * + * @attr: attribute being queried + * + * @data: memory to fill in with the attribute data + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative errno; in particular + * returns -EINVAL for unrecognized or unimplemented attribute types. + */ + int (*get_attr)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, enum IOMMUMemoryRegionAttr attr, + void *data); + + /** + * @attrs_to_index: + * + * Return the IOMMU index to use for a given set of transaction attributes. + * + * Optional method: if an IOMMU only supports a single IOMMU index then + * the default implementation of memory_region_iommu_attrs_to_index() + * will return 0. + * + * The indexes supported by an IOMMU must be contiguous, starting at 0. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + */ + int (*attrs_to_index)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, MemTxAttrs attrs); + + /** + * @num_indexes: + * + * Return the number of IOMMU indexes this IOMMU supports. + * + * Optional method: if this method is not provided, then + * memory_region_iommu_num_indexes() will return 1, indicating that + * only a single IOMMU index is supported. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + */ + int (*num_indexes)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu); + + /** + * @iommu_set_page_size_mask: + * + * Restrict the page size mask that can be supported with a given IOMMU + * memory region. Used for example to propagate host physical IOMMU page + * size mask limitations to the virtual IOMMU. + * + * Optional method: if this method is not provided, then the default global + * page mask is used. + * + * @iommu: the IOMMUMemoryRegion + * + * @page_size_mask: a bitmask of supported page sizes. At least one bit, + * representing the smallest page size, must be set. Additional set bits + * represent supported block sizes. For example a host physical IOMMU that + * uses page tables with a page size of 4kB, and supports 2MB and 4GB + * blocks, will set mask 0x40201000. A granule of 4kB with indiscriminate + * block sizes is specified with mask 0xfffffffffffff000. + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative error. In case of failure, the error + * object must be created. + */ + int (*iommu_set_page_size_mask)(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu, + uint64_t page_size_mask, + Error **errp); +}; + +typedef struct RamDiscardListener RamDiscardListener; +typedef int (*NotifyRamPopulate)(RamDiscardListener *rdl, + MemoryRegionSection *section); +typedef void (*NotifyRamDiscard)(RamDiscardListener *rdl, + MemoryRegionSection *section); + +struct RamDiscardListener { + /* + * @notify_populate: + * + * Notification that previously discarded memory is about to get populated. + * Listeners are able to object. If any listener objects, already + * successfully notified listeners are notified about a discard again. + * + * @rdl: the #RamDiscardListener getting notified + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection to get populated. The section + * is aligned within the memory region to the minimum granularity + * unless it would exceed the registered section. + * + * Returns 0 on success. If the notification is rejected by the listener, + * an error is returned. + */ + NotifyRamPopulate notify_populate; + + /* + * @notify_discard: + * + * Notification that previously populated memory was discarded successfully + * and listeners should drop all references to such memory and prevent + * new population (e.g., unmap). + * + * @rdl: the #RamDiscardListener getting notified + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection to get populated. The section + * is aligned within the memory region to the minimum granularity + * unless it would exceed the registered section. + */ + NotifyRamDiscard notify_discard; + + /* + * @double_discard_supported: + * + * The listener suppors getting @notify_discard notifications that span + * already discarded parts. + */ + bool double_discard_supported; + + MemoryRegionSection *section; + QLIST_ENTRY(RamDiscardListener) next; +}; + +static inline void ram_discard_listener_init(RamDiscardListener *rdl, + NotifyRamPopulate populate_fn, + NotifyRamDiscard discard_fn, + bool double_discard_supported) +{ + rdl->notify_populate = populate_fn; + rdl->notify_discard = discard_fn; + rdl->double_discard_supported = double_discard_supported; +} + +typedef int (*ReplayRamPopulate)(MemoryRegionSection *section, void *opaque); +typedef void (*ReplayRamDiscard)(MemoryRegionSection *section, void *opaque); + +/* + * RamDiscardManagerClass: + * + * A #RamDiscardManager coordinates which parts of specific RAM #MemoryRegion + * regions are currently populated to be used/accessed by the VM, notifying + * after parts were discarded (freeing up memory) and before parts will be + * populated (consuming memory), to be used/acessed by the VM. + * + * A #RamDiscardManager can only be set for a RAM #MemoryRegion while the + * #MemoryRegion isn't mapped yet; it cannot change while the #MemoryRegion is + * mapped. + * + * The #RamDiscardManager is intended to be used by technologies that are + * incompatible with discarding of RAM (e.g., VFIO, which may pin all + * memory inside a #MemoryRegion), and require proper coordination to only + * map the currently populated parts, to hinder parts that are expected to + * remain discarded from silently getting populated and consuming memory. + * Technologies that support discarding of RAM don't have to bother and can + * simply map the whole #MemoryRegion. + * + * An example #RamDiscardManager is virtio-mem, which logically (un)plugs + * memory within an assigned RAM #MemoryRegion, coordinated with the VM. + * Logically unplugging memory consists of discarding RAM. The VM agreed to not + * access unplugged (discarded) memory - especially via DMA. virtio-mem will + * properly coordinate with listeners before memory is plugged (populated), + * and after memory is unplugged (discarded). + * + * Listeners are called in multiples of the minimum granularity (unless it + * would exceed the registered range) and changes are aligned to the minimum + * granularity within the #MemoryRegion. Listeners have to prepare for memory + * becomming discarded in a different granularity than it was populated and the + * other way around. + */ +struct RamDiscardManagerClass { + /* private */ + InterfaceClass parent_class; + + /* public */ + + /** + * @get_min_granularity: + * + * Get the minimum granularity in which listeners will get notified + * about changes within the #MemoryRegion via the #RamDiscardManager. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + * + * Returns the minimum granularity. + */ + uint64_t (*get_min_granularity)(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + const MemoryRegion *mr); + + /** + * @is_populated: + * + * Check whether the given #MemoryRegionSection is completely populated + * (i.e., no parts are currently discarded) via the #RamDiscardManager. + * There are no alignment requirements. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection + * + * Returns whether the given range is completely populated. + */ + bool (*is_populated)(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + const MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @replay_populated: + * + * Call the #ReplayRamPopulate callback for all populated parts within the + * #MemoryRegionSection via the #RamDiscardManager. + * + * In case any call fails, no further calls are made. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection + * @replay_fn: the #ReplayRamPopulate callback + * @opaque: pointer to forward to the callback + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative error if any notification failed. + */ + int (*replay_populated)(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + MemoryRegionSection *section, + ReplayRamPopulate replay_fn, void *opaque); + + /** + * @replay_discarded: + * + * Call the #ReplayRamDiscard callback for all discarded parts within the + * #MemoryRegionSection via the #RamDiscardManager. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection + * @replay_fn: the #ReplayRamDiscard callback + * @opaque: pointer to forward to the callback + */ + void (*replay_discarded)(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + MemoryRegionSection *section, + ReplayRamDiscard replay_fn, void *opaque); + + /** + * @register_listener: + * + * Register a #RamDiscardListener for the given #MemoryRegionSection and + * immediately notify the #RamDiscardListener about all populated parts + * within the #MemoryRegionSection via the #RamDiscardManager. + * + * In case any notification fails, no further notifications are triggered + * and an error is logged. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @rdl: the #RamDiscardListener + * @section: the #MemoryRegionSection + */ + void (*register_listener)(RamDiscardManager *rdm, + RamDiscardListener *rdl, + MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @unregister_listener: + * + * Unregister a previously registered #RamDiscardListener via the + * #RamDiscardManager after notifying the #RamDiscardListener about all + * populated parts becoming unpopulated within the registered + * #MemoryRegionSection. + * + * @rdm: the #RamDiscardManager + * @rdl: the #RamDiscardListener + */ + void (*unregister_listener)(RamDiscardManager *rdm, + RamDiscardListener *rdl); +}; + +uint64_t ram_discard_manager_get_min_granularity(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + const MemoryRegion *mr); + +bool ram_discard_manager_is_populated(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + const MemoryRegionSection *section); + +int ram_discard_manager_replay_populated(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + MemoryRegionSection *section, + ReplayRamPopulate replay_fn, + void *opaque); + +void ram_discard_manager_replay_discarded(const RamDiscardManager *rdm, + MemoryRegionSection *section, + ReplayRamDiscard replay_fn, + void *opaque); + +void ram_discard_manager_register_listener(RamDiscardManager *rdm, + RamDiscardListener *rdl, + MemoryRegionSection *section); + +void ram_discard_manager_unregister_listener(RamDiscardManager *rdm, + RamDiscardListener *rdl); + +typedef struct CoalescedMemoryRange CoalescedMemoryRange; +typedef struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd MemoryRegionIoeventfd; + +/** MemoryRegion: + * + * A struct representing a memory region. + */ +struct MemoryRegion { + Object parent_obj; + + /* private: */ + + /* The following fields should fit in a cache line */ + bool romd_mode; + bool ram; + bool subpage; + bool readonly; /* For RAM regions */ + bool nonvolatile; + bool rom_device; + bool flush_coalesced_mmio; + uint8_t dirty_log_mask; + bool is_iommu; + RAMBlock *ram_block; + Object *owner; + + const MemoryRegionOps *ops; + void *opaque; + MemoryRegion *container; + Int128 size; + hwaddr addr; + void (*destructor)(MemoryRegion *mr); + uint64_t align; + bool terminates; + bool ram_device; + bool enabled; + bool warning_printed; /* For reservations */ + uint8_t vga_logging_count; + MemoryRegion *alias; + hwaddr alias_offset; + int32_t priority; + QTAILQ_HEAD(, MemoryRegion) subregions; + QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegion) subregions_link; + QTAILQ_HEAD(, CoalescedMemoryRange) coalesced; + const char *name; + unsigned ioeventfd_nb; + MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds; + RamDiscardManager *rdm; /* Only for RAM */ +}; + +struct IOMMUMemoryRegion { + MemoryRegion parent_obj; + + QLIST_HEAD(, IOMMUNotifier) iommu_notify; + IOMMUNotifierFlag iommu_notify_flags; +}; + +#define IOMMU_NOTIFIER_FOREACH(n, mr) \ + QLIST_FOREACH((n), &(mr)->iommu_notify, node) + +/** + * struct MemoryListener: callbacks structure for updates to the physical memory map + * + * Allows a component to adjust to changes in the guest-visible memory map. + * Use with memory_listener_register() and memory_listener_unregister(). + */ +struct MemoryListener { + /** + * @begin: + * + * Called at the beginning of an address space update transaction. + * Followed by calls to #MemoryListener.region_add(), + * #MemoryListener.region_del(), #MemoryListener.region_nop(), + * #MemoryListener.log_start() and #MemoryListener.log_stop() in + * increasing address order. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*begin)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @commit: + * + * Called at the end of an address space update transaction, + * after the last call to #MemoryListener.region_add(), + * #MemoryListener.region_del() or #MemoryListener.region_nop(), + * #MemoryListener.log_start() and #MemoryListener.log_stop(). + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*commit)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @region_add: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that is new in this address space + * space since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The new #MemoryRegionSection. + */ + void (*region_add)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @region_del: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that has disappeared in the address + * space since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The old #MemoryRegionSection. + */ + void (*region_del)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @region_nop: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that is in the same place in the address + * space as in the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The #MemoryRegionSection. + */ + void (*region_nop)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @log_start: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, after + * one of #MemoryListener.region_add(), #MemoryListener.region_del() or + * #MemoryListener.region_nop(), if dirty memory logging clients have + * become active since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The #MemoryRegionSection. + * @old: A bitmap of dirty memory logging clients that were active in + * the previous transaction. + * @new: A bitmap of dirty memory logging clients that are active in + * the current transaction. + */ + void (*log_start)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + int old, int new); + + /** + * @log_stop: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, after + * one of #MemoryListener.region_add(), #MemoryListener.region_del() or + * #MemoryListener.region_nop() and possibly after + * #MemoryListener.log_start(), if dirty memory logging clients have + * become inactive since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The #MemoryRegionSection. + * @old: A bitmap of dirty memory logging clients that were active in + * the previous transaction. + * @new: A bitmap of dirty memory logging clients that are active in + * the current transaction. + */ + void (*log_stop)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + int old, int new); + + /** + * @log_sync: + * + * Called by memory_region_snapshot_and_clear_dirty() and + * memory_global_dirty_log_sync(), before accessing QEMU's "official" + * copy of the dirty memory bitmap for a #MemoryRegionSection. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The #MemoryRegionSection. + */ + void (*log_sync)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @log_sync_global: + * + * This is the global version of @log_sync when the listener does + * not have a way to synchronize the log with finer granularity. + * When the listener registers with @log_sync_global defined, then + * its @log_sync must be NULL. Vice versa. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*log_sync_global)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @log_clear: + * + * Called before reading the dirty memory bitmap for a + * #MemoryRegionSection. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The #MemoryRegionSection. + */ + void (*log_clear)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); + + /** + * @log_global_start: + * + * Called by memory_global_dirty_log_start(), which + * enables the %DIRTY_LOG_MIGRATION client on all memory regions in + * the address space. #MemoryListener.log_global_start() is also + * called when a #MemoryListener is added, if global dirty logging is + * active at that time. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*log_global_start)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @log_global_stop: + * + * Called by memory_global_dirty_log_stop(), which + * disables the %DIRTY_LOG_MIGRATION client on all memory regions in + * the address space. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*log_global_stop)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @log_global_after_sync: + * + * Called after reading the dirty memory bitmap + * for any #MemoryRegionSection. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + */ + void (*log_global_after_sync)(MemoryListener *listener); + + /** + * @eventfd_add: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that has had a new ioeventfd + * registration since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The new #MemoryRegionSection. + * @match_data: The @match_data parameter for the new ioeventfd. + * @data: The @data parameter for the new ioeventfd. + * @e: The #EventNotifier parameter for the new ioeventfd. + */ + void (*eventfd_add)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); + + /** + * @eventfd_del: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that has dropped an ioeventfd + * registration since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The new #MemoryRegionSection. + * @match_data: The @match_data parameter for the dropped ioeventfd. + * @data: The @data parameter for the dropped ioeventfd. + * @e: The #EventNotifier parameter for the dropped ioeventfd. + */ + void (*eventfd_del)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); + + /** + * @coalesced_io_add: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that has had a new coalesced + * MMIO range registration since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The new #MemoryRegionSection. + * @addr: The starting address for the coalesced MMIO range. + * @len: The length of the coalesced MMIO range. + */ + void (*coalesced_io_add)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + hwaddr addr, hwaddr len); + + /** + * @coalesced_io_del: + * + * Called during an address space update transaction, + * for a section of the address space that has dropped a coalesced + * MMIO range since the last transaction. + * + * @listener: The #MemoryListener. + * @section: The new #MemoryRegionSection. + * @addr: The starting address for the coalesced MMIO range. + * @len: The length of the coalesced MMIO range. + */ + void (*coalesced_io_del)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, + hwaddr addr, hwaddr len); + /** + * @priority: + * + * Govern the order in which memory listeners are invoked. Lower priorities + * are invoked earlier for "add" or "start" callbacks, and later for "delete" + * or "stop" callbacks. + */ + unsigned priority; + + /** + * @name: + * + * Name of the listener. It can be used in contexts where we'd like to + * identify one memory listener with the rest. + */ + const char *name; + + /* private: */ + AddressSpace *address_space; + QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryListener) link; + QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryListener) link_as; +}; + +/** + * struct AddressSpace: describes a mapping of addresses to #MemoryRegion objects + */ +struct AddressSpace { + /* private: */ + struct rcu_head rcu; + char *name; + MemoryRegion *root; + + /* Accessed via RCU. */ + struct FlatView *current_map; + + int ioeventfd_nb; + struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds; + QTAILQ_HEAD(, MemoryListener) listeners; + QTAILQ_ENTRY(AddressSpace) address_spaces_link; +}; + +typedef struct AddressSpaceDispatch AddressSpaceDispatch; +typedef struct FlatRange FlatRange; + +/* Flattened global view of current active memory hierarchy. Kept in sorted + * order. + */ +struct FlatView { + struct rcu_head rcu; + unsigned ref; + FlatRange *ranges; + unsigned nr; + unsigned nr_allocated; + struct AddressSpaceDispatch *dispatch; + MemoryRegion *root; +}; + +static inline FlatView *address_space_to_flatview(AddressSpace *as) +{ + return qatomic_rcu_read(&as->current_map); +} + +/** + * typedef flatview_cb: callback for flatview_for_each_range() + * + * @start: start address of the range within the FlatView + * @len: length of the range in bytes + * @mr: MemoryRegion covering this range + * @offset_in_region: offset of the first byte of the range within @mr + * @opaque: data pointer passed to flatview_for_each_range() + * + * Returns: true to stop the iteration, false to keep going. + */ +typedef bool (*flatview_cb)(Int128 start, + Int128 len, + const MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr offset_in_region, + void *opaque); + +/** + * flatview_for_each_range: Iterate through a FlatView + * @fv: the FlatView to iterate through + * @cb: function to call for each range + * @opaque: opaque data pointer to pass to @cb + * + * A FlatView is made up of a list of non-overlapping ranges, each of + * which is a slice of a MemoryRegion. This function iterates through + * each range in @fv, calling @cb. The callback function can terminate + * iteration early by returning 'true'. + */ +void flatview_for_each_range(FlatView *fv, flatview_cb cb, void *opaque); + +static inline bool MemoryRegionSection_eq(MemoryRegionSection *a, + MemoryRegionSection *b) +{ + return a->mr == b->mr && + a->fv == b->fv && + a->offset_within_region == b->offset_within_region && + a->offset_within_address_space == b->offset_within_address_space && + int128_eq(a->size, b->size) && + a->readonly == b->readonly && + a->nonvolatile == b->nonvolatile; +} + +/** + * memory_region_section_new_copy: Copy a memory region section + * + * Allocate memory for a new copy, copy the memory region section, and + * properly take a reference on all relevant members. + * + * @s: the #MemoryRegionSection to copy + */ +MemoryRegionSection *memory_region_section_new_copy(MemoryRegionSection *s); + +/** + * memory_region_section_new_copy: Free a copied memory region section + * + * Free a copy of a memory section created via memory_region_section_new_copy(). + * properly dropping references on all relevant members. + * + * @s: the #MemoryRegionSection to copy + */ +void memory_region_section_free_copy(MemoryRegionSection *s); + +/** + * memory_region_init: Initialize a memory region + * + * The region typically acts as a container for other memory regions. Use + * memory_region_add_subregion() to add subregions. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI + * @size: size of the region; any subregions beyond this size will be clipped + */ +void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_region_ref: Add 1 to a memory region's reference count + * + * Whenever memory regions are accessed outside the BQL, they need to be + * preserved against hot-unplug. MemoryRegions actually do not have their + * own reference count; they piggyback on a QOM object, their "owner". + * This function adds a reference to the owner. + * + * All MemoryRegions must have an owner if they can disappear, even if the + * device they belong to operates exclusively under the BQL. This is because + * the region could be returned at any time by memory_region_find, and this + * is usually under guest control. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + */ +void memory_region_ref(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_unref: Remove 1 to a memory region's reference count + * + * Whenever memory regions are accessed outside the BQL, they need to be + * preserved against hot-unplug. MemoryRegions actually do not have their + * own reference count; they piggyback on a QOM object, their "owner". + * This function removes a reference to the owner and possibly destroys it. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + */ +void memory_region_unref(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_init_io: Initialize an I/O memory region. + * + * Accesses into the region will cause the callbacks in @ops to be called. + * if @size is nonzero, subregions will be clipped to @size. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @ops: a structure containing read and write callbacks to be used when + * I/O is performed on the region. + * @opaque: passed to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure. + * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI + * @size: size of the region. + */ +void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const MemoryRegionOps *ops, + void *opaque, + const char *name, + uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate: Initialize RAM memory region. Accesses + * into the region will modify memory + * directly. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate: Initialize RAM memory region. + * Accesses into the region will + * modify memory directly. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @ram_flags: RamBlock flags. Supported flags: RAM_SHARED, RAM_NORESERVE. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_flags_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + uint32_t ram_flags, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_resizeable_ram: Initialize memory region with resizeable + * RAM. Accesses into the region will + * modify memory directly. Only an initial + * portion of this RAM is actually used. + * Changing the size while migrating + * can result in the migration being + * canceled. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: used size of the region. + * @max_size: max size of the region. + * @resized: callback to notify owner about used size change. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_resizeable_ram(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + uint64_t max_size, + void (*resized)(const char*, + uint64_t length, + void *host), + Error **errp); +#ifdef CONFIG_POSIX + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_from_file: Initialize RAM memory region with a + * mmap-ed backend. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @align: alignment of the region base address; if 0, the default alignment + * (getpagesize()) will be used. + * @ram_flags: RamBlock flags. Supported flags: RAM_SHARED, RAM_PMEM, + * RAM_NORESERVE, + * @path: the path in which to allocate the RAM. + * @readonly: true to open @path for reading, false for read/write. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_from_file(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + uint64_t align, + uint32_t ram_flags, + const char *path, + bool readonly, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_from_fd: Initialize RAM memory region with a + * mmap-ed backend. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: the name of the region. + * @size: size of the region. + * @ram_flags: RamBlock flags. Supported flags: RAM_SHARED, RAM_PMEM, + * RAM_NORESERVE, RAM_PROTECTED. + * @fd: the fd to mmap. + * @offset: offset within the file referenced by fd + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_from_fd(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + uint32_t ram_flags, + int fd, + ram_addr_t offset, + Error **errp); +#endif + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_ptr: Initialize RAM memory region from a + * user-provided pointer. Accesses into the + * region will modify memory directly. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + void *ptr); + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr: Initialize RAM device memory region from + * a user-provided pointer. + * + * A RAM device represents a mapping to a physical device, such as to a PCI + * MMIO BAR of an vfio-pci assigned device. The memory region may be mapped + * into the VM address space and access to the region will modify memory + * directly. However, the memory region should not be included in a memory + * dump (device may not be enabled/mapped at the time of the dump), and + * operations incompatible with manipulating MMIO should be avoided. Replaces + * skip_dump flag. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: the name of the region. + * @size: size of the region. + * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility of the caller. + * (For RAM device memory regions, migrating the contents rarely makes sense.) + */ +void memory_region_init_ram_device_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + void *ptr); + +/** + * memory_region_init_alias: Initialize a memory region that aliases all or a + * part of another memory region. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI + * @orig: the region to be referenced; @mr will be equivalent to + * @orig between @offset and @offset + @size - 1. + * @offset: start of the section in @orig to be referenced. + * @size: size of the region. + */ +void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + MemoryRegion *orig, + hwaddr offset, + uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate: Initialize a ROM memory region. + * + * This has the same effect as calling memory_region_init_ram_nomigrate() + * and then marking the resulting region read-only with + * memory_region_set_readonly(). + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM side of the memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility + * of the caller. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +void memory_region_init_rom_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_rom_device_nomigrate: Initialize a ROM memory region. + * Writes are handled via callbacks. + * + * Note that this function does not do anything to cause the data in the + * RAM side of the memory region to be migrated; that is the responsibility + * of the caller. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @ops: callbacks for write access handling (must not be NULL). + * @opaque: passed to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure. + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +void memory_region_init_rom_device_nomigrate(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const MemoryRegionOps *ops, + void *opaque, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_iommu: Initialize a memory region of a custom type + * that translates addresses + * + * An IOMMU region translates addresses and forwards accesses to a target + * memory region. + * + * The IOMMU implementation must define a subclass of TYPE_IOMMU_MEMORY_REGION. + * @_iommu_mr should be a pointer to enough memory for an instance of + * that subclass, @instance_size is the size of that subclass, and + * @mrtypename is its name. This function will initialize @_iommu_mr as an + * instance of the subclass, and its methods will then be called to handle + * accesses to the memory region. See the documentation of + * #IOMMUMemoryRegionClass for further details. + * + * @_iommu_mr: the #IOMMUMemoryRegion to be initialized + * @instance_size: the IOMMUMemoryRegion subclass instance size + * @mrtypename: the type name of the #IOMMUMemoryRegion + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI + * @size: size of the region. + */ +void memory_region_init_iommu(void *_iommu_mr, + size_t instance_size, + const char *mrtypename, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_region_init_ram - Initialize RAM memory region. Accesses into the + * region will modify memory directly. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count (must be + * TYPE_DEVICE or a subclass of TYPE_DEVICE, or NULL) + * @name: name of the memory region + * @size: size of the region in bytes + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + * + * This function allocates RAM for a board model or device, and + * arranges for it to be migrated (by calling vmstate_register_ram() + * if @owner is a DeviceState, or vmstate_register_ram_global() if + * @owner is NULL). + * + * TODO: Currently we restrict @owner to being either NULL (for + * global RAM regions with no owner) or devices, so that we can + * give the RAM block a unique name for migration purposes. + * We should lift this restriction and allow arbitrary Objects. + * If you pass a non-NULL non-device @owner then we will assert. + */ +void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_rom: Initialize a ROM memory region. + * + * This has the same effect as calling memory_region_init_ram() + * and then marking the resulting region read-only with + * memory_region_set_readonly(). This includes arranging for the + * contents to be migrated. + * + * TODO: Currently we restrict @owner to being either NULL (for + * global RAM regions with no owner) or devices, so that we can + * give the RAM block a unique name for migration purposes. + * We should lift this restriction and allow arbitrary Objects. + * If you pass a non-NULL non-device @owner then we will assert. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +void memory_region_init_rom(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_init_rom_device: Initialize a ROM memory region. + * Writes are handled via callbacks. + * + * This function initializes a memory region backed by RAM for reads + * and callbacks for writes, and arranges for the RAM backing to + * be migrated (by calling vmstate_register_ram() + * if @owner is a DeviceState, or vmstate_register_ram_global() if + * @owner is NULL). + * + * TODO: Currently we restrict @owner to being either NULL (for + * global RAM regions with no owner) or devices, so that we can + * give the RAM block a unique name for migration purposes. + * We should lift this restriction and allow arbitrary Objects. + * If you pass a non-NULL non-device @owner then we will assert. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. + * @owner: the object that tracks the region's reference count + * @ops: callbacks for write access handling (must not be NULL). + * @opaque: passed to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure. + * @name: Region name, becomes part of RAMBlock name used in migration stream + * must be unique within any device + * @size: size of the region. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr, + Object *owner, + const MemoryRegionOps *ops, + void *opaque, + const char *name, + uint64_t size, + Error **errp); + + +/** + * memory_region_owner: get a memory region's owner. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried. + */ +Object *memory_region_owner(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_size: get a memory region's size. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried. + */ +uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_is_ram: check whether a memory region is random access + * + * Returns %true if a memory region is random access. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + return mr->ram; +} + +/** + * memory_region_is_ram_device: check whether a memory region is a ram device + * + * Returns %true if a memory region is a device backed ram region + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +bool memory_region_is_ram_device(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_is_romd: check whether a memory region is in ROMD mode + * + * Returns %true if a memory region is a ROM device and currently set to allow + * direct reads. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline bool memory_region_is_romd(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + return mr->rom_device && mr->romd_mode; +} + +/** + * memory_region_is_protected: check whether a memory region is protected + * + * Returns %true if a memory region is protected RAM and cannot be accessed + * via standard mechanisms, e.g. DMA. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +bool memory_region_is_protected(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_get_iommu: check whether a memory region is an iommu + * + * Returns pointer to IOMMUMemoryRegion if a memory region is an iommu, + * otherwise NULL. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline IOMMUMemoryRegion *memory_region_get_iommu(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + if (mr->alias) { + return memory_region_get_iommu(mr->alias); + } + if (mr->is_iommu) { + return (IOMMUMemoryRegion *) mr; + } + return NULL; +} + +/** + * memory_region_get_iommu_class_nocheck: returns iommu memory region class + * if an iommu or NULL if not + * + * Returns pointer to IOMMUMemoryRegionClass if a memory region is an iommu, + * otherwise NULL. This is fast path avoiding QOM checking, use with caution. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline IOMMUMemoryRegionClass *memory_region_get_iommu_class_nocheck( + IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr) +{ + return (IOMMUMemoryRegionClass *) (((Object *)iommu_mr)->class); +} + +#define memory_region_is_iommu(mr) (memory_region_get_iommu(mr) != NULL) + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_get_min_page_size: get minimum supported page size + * for an iommu + * + * Returns minimum supported page size for an iommu. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region being queried + */ +uint64_t memory_region_iommu_get_min_page_size(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr); + +/** + * memory_region_notify_iommu: notify a change in an IOMMU translation entry. + * + * Note: for any IOMMU implementation, an in-place mapping change + * should be notified with an UNMAP followed by a MAP. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region that was changed + * @iommu_idx: the IOMMU index for the translation table which has changed + * @event: TLB event with the new entry in the IOMMU translation table. + * The entry replaces all old entries for the same virtual I/O address + * range. + */ +void memory_region_notify_iommu(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr, + int iommu_idx, + IOMMUTLBEvent event); + +/** + * memory_region_notify_iommu_one: notify a change in an IOMMU translation + * entry to a single notifier + * + * This works just like memory_region_notify_iommu(), but it only + * notifies a specific notifier, not all of them. + * + * @notifier: the notifier to be notified + * @event: TLB event with the new entry in the IOMMU translation table. + * The entry replaces all old entries for the same virtual I/O address + * range. + */ +void memory_region_notify_iommu_one(IOMMUNotifier *notifier, + IOMMUTLBEvent *event); + +/** + * memory_region_register_iommu_notifier: register a notifier for changes to + * IOMMU translation entries. + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative errno otherwise. In particular, + * -EINVAL indicates that at least one of the attributes of the notifier + * is not supported (flag/range) by the IOMMU memory region. In case of error + * the error object must be created. + * + * @mr: the memory region to observe + * @n: the IOMMUNotifier to be added; the notify callback receives a + * pointer to an #IOMMUTLBEntry as the opaque value; the pointer + * ceases to be valid on exit from the notifier. + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +int memory_region_register_iommu_notifier(MemoryRegion *mr, + IOMMUNotifier *n, Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_replay: replay existing IOMMU translations to + * a notifier with the minimum page granularity returned by + * mr->iommu_ops->get_page_size(). + * + * Note: this is not related to record-and-replay functionality. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region to observe + * @n: the notifier to which to replay iommu mappings + */ +void memory_region_iommu_replay(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr, IOMMUNotifier *n); + +/** + * memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier: unregister a notifier for + * changes to IOMMU translation entries. + * + * @mr: the memory region which was observed and for which notity_stopped() + * needs to be called + * @n: the notifier to be removed. + */ +void memory_region_unregister_iommu_notifier(MemoryRegion *mr, + IOMMUNotifier *n); + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_get_attr: return an IOMMU attr if get_attr() is + * defined on the IOMMU. + * + * Returns 0 on success, or a negative errno otherwise. In particular, + * -EINVAL indicates that the IOMMU does not support the requested + * attribute. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region + * @attr: the requested attribute + * @data: a pointer to the requested attribute data + */ +int memory_region_iommu_get_attr(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr, + enum IOMMUMemoryRegionAttr attr, + void *data); + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_attrs_to_index: return the IOMMU index to + * use for translations with the given memory transaction attributes. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region + * @attrs: the memory transaction attributes + */ +int memory_region_iommu_attrs_to_index(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_num_indexes: return the total number of IOMMU + * indexes that this IOMMU supports. + * + * @iommu_mr: the memory region + */ +int memory_region_iommu_num_indexes(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr); + +/** + * memory_region_iommu_set_page_size_mask: set the supported page + * sizes for a given IOMMU memory region + * + * @iommu_mr: IOMMU memory region + * @page_size_mask: supported page size mask + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +int memory_region_iommu_set_page_size_mask(IOMMUMemoryRegion *iommu_mr, + uint64_t page_size_mask, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_name: get a memory region's name + * + * Returns the string that was used to initialize the memory region. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +const char *memory_region_name(const MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_is_logging: return whether a memory region is logging writes + * + * Returns %true if the memory region is logging writes for the given client + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + * @client: the client being queried + */ +bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion *mr, uint8_t client); + +/** + * memory_region_get_dirty_log_mask: return the clients for which a + * memory region is logging writes. + * + * Returns a bitmap of clients, in which the DIRTY_MEMORY_* constants + * are the bit indices. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +uint8_t memory_region_get_dirty_log_mask(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_is_rom: check whether a memory region is ROM + * + * Returns %true if a memory region is read-only memory. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + return mr->ram && mr->readonly; +} + +/** + * memory_region_is_nonvolatile: check whether a memory region is non-volatile + * + * Returns %true is a memory region is non-volatile memory. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried + */ +static inline bool memory_region_is_nonvolatile(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + return mr->nonvolatile; +} + +/** + * memory_region_get_fd: Get a file descriptor backing a RAM memory region. + * + * Returns a file descriptor backing a file-based RAM memory region, + * or -1 if the region is not a file-based RAM memory region. + * + * @mr: the RAM or alias memory region being queried. + */ +int memory_region_get_fd(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_from_host: Convert a pointer into a RAM memory region + * and an offset within it. + * + * Given a host pointer inside a RAM memory region (created with + * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()), return + * the MemoryRegion and the offset within it. + * + * Use with care; by the time this function returns, the returned pointer is + * not protected by RCU anymore. If the caller is not within an RCU critical + * section and does not hold the iothread lock, it must have other means of + * protecting the pointer, such as a reference to the region that includes + * the incoming ram_addr_t. + * + * @ptr: the host pointer to be converted + * @offset: the offset within memory region + */ +MemoryRegion *memory_region_from_host(void *ptr, ram_addr_t *offset); + +/** + * memory_region_get_ram_ptr: Get a pointer into a RAM memory region. + * + * Returns a host pointer to a RAM memory region (created with + * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()). + * + * Use with care; by the time this function returns, the returned pointer is + * not protected by RCU anymore. If the caller is not within an RCU critical + * section and does not hold the iothread lock, it must have other means of + * protecting the pointer, such as a reference to the region that includes + * the incoming ram_addr_t. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried. + */ +void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/* memory_region_ram_resize: Resize a RAM region. + * + * Resizing RAM while migrating can result in the migration being canceled. + * Care has to be taken if the guest might have already detected the memory. + * + * @mr: a memory region created with @memory_region_init_resizeable_ram. + * @newsize: the new size the region + * @errp: pointer to Error*, to store an error if it happens. + */ +void memory_region_ram_resize(MemoryRegion *mr, ram_addr_t newsize, + Error **errp); + +/** + * memory_region_msync: Synchronize selected address range of + * a memory mapped region + * + * @mr: the memory region to be msync + * @addr: the initial address of the range to be sync + * @size: the size of the range to be sync + */ +void memory_region_msync(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, hwaddr size); + +/** + * memory_region_writeback: Trigger cache writeback for + * selected address range + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated + * @addr: the initial address of the range to be written back + * @size: the size of the range to be written back + */ +void memory_region_writeback(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, hwaddr size); + +/** + * memory_region_set_log: Turn dirty logging on or off for a region. + * + * Turns dirty logging on or off for a specified client (display, migration). + * Only meaningful for RAM regions. + * + * @mr: the memory region being updated. + * @log: whether dirty logging is to be enabled or disabled. + * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA only. + */ +void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client); + +/** + * memory_region_set_dirty: Mark a range of bytes as dirty in a memory region. + * + * Marks a range of bytes as dirty, after it has been dirtied outside + * guest code. + * + * @mr: the memory region being dirtied. + * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being dirtied. + * @size: size of the range being dirtied. + */ +void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, + hwaddr size); + +/** + * memory_region_clear_dirty_bitmap - clear dirty bitmap for memory range + * + * This function is called when the caller wants to clear the remote + * dirty bitmap of a memory range within the memory region. This can + * be used by e.g. KVM to manually clear dirty log when + * KVM_CAP_MANUAL_DIRTY_LOG_PROTECT is declared support by the host + * kernel. + * + * @mr: the memory region to clear the dirty log upon + * @start: start address offset within the memory region + * @len: length of the memory region to clear dirty bitmap + */ +void memory_region_clear_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr start, + hwaddr len); + +/** + * memory_region_snapshot_and_clear_dirty: Get a snapshot of the dirty + * bitmap and clear it. + * + * Creates a snapshot of the dirty bitmap, clears the dirty bitmap and + * returns the snapshot. The snapshot can then be used to query dirty + * status, using memory_region_snapshot_get_dirty. Snapshotting allows + * querying the same page multiple times, which is especially useful for + * display updates where the scanlines often are not page aligned. + * + * The dirty bitmap region which gets copyed into the snapshot (and + * cleared afterwards) can be larger than requested. The boundaries + * are rounded up/down so complete bitmap longs (covering 64 pages on + * 64bit hosts) can be copied over into the bitmap snapshot. Which + * isn't a problem for display updates as the extra pages are outside + * the visible area, and in case the visible area changes a full + * display redraw is due anyway. Should other use cases for this + * function emerge we might have to revisit this implementation + * detail. + * + * Use g_free to release DirtyBitmapSnapshot. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried. + * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried. + * @size: the size of the range being queried. + * @client: the user of the logging information; typically %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA. + */ +DirtyBitmapSnapshot *memory_region_snapshot_and_clear_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, + hwaddr size, + unsigned client); + +/** + * memory_region_snapshot_get_dirty: Check whether a range of bytes is dirty + * in the specified dirty bitmap snapshot. + * + * @mr: the memory region being queried. + * @snap: the dirty bitmap snapshot + * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried. + * @size: the size of the range being queried. + */ +bool memory_region_snapshot_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, + DirtyBitmapSnapshot *snap, + hwaddr addr, hwaddr size); + +/** + * memory_region_reset_dirty: Mark a range of pages as clean, for a specified + * client. + * + * Marks a range of pages as no longer dirty. + * + * @mr: the region being updated. + * @addr: the start of the subrange being cleaned. + * @size: the size of the subrange being cleaned. + * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or + * %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA. + */ +void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, + hwaddr size, unsigned client); + +/** + * memory_region_flush_rom_device: Mark a range of pages dirty and invalidate + * TBs (for self-modifying code). + * + * The MemoryRegionOps->write() callback of a ROM device must use this function + * to mark byte ranges that have been modified internally, such as by directly + * accessing the memory returned by memory_region_get_ram_ptr(). + * + * This function marks the range dirty and invalidates TBs so that TCG can + * detect self-modifying code. + * + * @mr: the region being flushed. + * @addr: the start, relative to the start of the region, of the range being + * flushed. + * @size: the size, in bytes, of the range being flushed. + */ +void memory_region_flush_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr, hwaddr size); + +/** + * memory_region_set_readonly: Turn a memory region read-only (or read-write) + * + * Allows a memory region to be marked as read-only (turning it into a ROM). + * only useful on RAM regions. + * + * @mr: the region being updated. + * @readonly: whether rhe region is to be ROM or RAM. + */ +void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly); + +/** + * memory_region_set_nonvolatile: Turn a memory region non-volatile + * + * Allows a memory region to be marked as non-volatile. + * only useful on RAM regions. + * + * @mr: the region being updated. + * @nonvolatile: whether rhe region is to be non-volatile. + */ +void memory_region_set_nonvolatile(MemoryRegion *mr, bool nonvolatile); + +/** + * memory_region_rom_device_set_romd: enable/disable ROMD mode + * + * Allows a ROM device (initialized with memory_region_init_rom_device() to + * set to ROMD mode (default) or MMIO mode. When it is in ROMD mode, the + * device is mapped to guest memory and satisfies read access directly. + * When in MMIO mode, reads are forwarded to the #MemoryRegion.read function. + * Writes are always handled by the #MemoryRegion.write function. + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated + * @romd_mode: %true to put the region into ROMD mode + */ +void memory_region_rom_device_set_romd(MemoryRegion *mr, bool romd_mode); + +/** + * memory_region_set_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for the region. + * + * Enabled writes to a region to be queued for later processing. MMIO ->write + * callbacks may be delayed until a non-coalesced MMIO is issued. + * Only useful for IO regions. Roughly similar to write-combining hardware. + * + * @mr: the memory region to be write coalesced + */ +void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_add_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for a sub-range of + * a region. + * + * Like memory_region_set_coalescing(), but works on a sub-range of a region. + * Multiple calls can be issued coalesced disjoint ranges. + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated. + * @offset: the start of the range within the region to be coalesced. + * @size: the size of the subrange to be coalesced. + */ +void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr offset, + uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_region_clear_coalescing: Disable MMIO coalescing for the region. + * + * Disables any coalescing caused by memory_region_set_coalescing() or + * memory_region_add_coalescing(). Roughly equivalent to uncacheble memory + * hardware. + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated. + */ +void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_set_flush_coalesced: Enforce memory coalescing flush before + * accesses. + * + * Ensure that pending coalesced MMIO request are flushed before the memory + * region is accessed. This property is automatically enabled for all regions + * passed to memory_region_set_coalescing() and memory_region_add_coalescing(). + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated. + */ +void memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced: Disable memory coalescing flush before + * accesses. + * + * Clear the automatic coalesced MMIO flushing enabled via + * memory_region_set_flush_coalesced. Note that this service has no effect on + * memory regions that have MMIO coalescing enabled for themselves. For them, + * automatic flushing will stop once coalescing is disabled. + * + * @mr: the memory region to be updated. + */ +void memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_add_eventfd: Request an eventfd to be triggered when a word + * is written to a location. + * + * Marks a word in an IO region (initialized with memory_region_init_io()) + * as a trigger for an eventfd event. The I/O callback will not be called. + * The caller must be prepared to handle failure (that is, take the required + * action if the callback _is_ called). + * + * @mr: the memory region being updated. + * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored + * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd + * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr + * @data: the data to match against the guest write + * @e: event notifier to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match. + **/ +void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, + unsigned size, + bool match_data, + uint64_t data, + EventNotifier *e); + +/** + * memory_region_del_eventfd: Cancel an eventfd. + * + * Cancels an eventfd trigger requested by a previous + * memory_region_add_eventfd() call. + * + * @mr: the memory region being updated. + * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored + * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd + * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr + * @data: the data to match against the guest write + * @e: event notifier to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match. + */ +void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, + unsigned size, + bool match_data, + uint64_t data, + EventNotifier *e); + +/** + * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a subregion to a container. + * + * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may not overlap with other + * subregions (except for those explicitly marked as overlapping). A region + * may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with + * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you + * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations. + * + * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container + * initialized with memory_region_init(). + * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added. + * @subregion: the subregion to be added. + */ +void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr offset, + MemoryRegion *subregion); +/** + * memory_region_add_subregion_overlap: Add a subregion to a container + * with overlap. + * + * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may overlap with other + * subregions. Conflicts are resolved by having a higher @priority hide a + * lower @priority. Subregions without priority are taken as @priority 0. + * A region may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with + * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you + * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations. + * + * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container + * initialized with memory_region_init(). + * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added. + * @subregion: the subregion to be added. + * @priority: used for resolving overlaps; highest priority wins. + */ +void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr offset, + MemoryRegion *subregion, + int priority); + +/** + * memory_region_get_ram_addr: Get the ram address associated with a memory + * region + * + * @mr: the region to be queried + */ +ram_addr_t memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion *mr); + +uint64_t memory_region_get_alignment(const MemoryRegion *mr); +/** + * memory_region_del_subregion: Remove a subregion. + * + * Removes a subregion from its container. + * + * @mr: the container to be updated. + * @subregion: the region being removed; must be a current subregion of @mr. + */ +void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, + MemoryRegion *subregion); + +/* + * memory_region_set_enabled: dynamically enable or disable a region + * + * Enables or disables a memory region. A disabled memory region + * ignores all accesses to itself and its subregions. It does not + * obscure sibling subregions with lower priority - it simply behaves as + * if it was removed from the hierarchy. + * + * Regions default to being enabled. + * + * @mr: the region to be updated + * @enabled: whether to enable or disable the region + */ +void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion *mr, bool enabled); + +/* + * memory_region_set_address: dynamically update the address of a region + * + * Dynamically updates the address of a region, relative to its container. + * May be used on regions are currently part of a memory hierarchy. + * + * @mr: the region to be updated + * @addr: new address, relative to container region + */ +void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion *mr, hwaddr addr); + +/* + * memory_region_set_size: dynamically update the size of a region. + * + * Dynamically updates the size of a region. + * + * @mr: the region to be updated + * @size: used size of the region. + */ +void memory_region_set_size(MemoryRegion *mr, uint64_t size); + +/* + * memory_region_set_alias_offset: dynamically update a memory alias's offset + * + * Dynamically updates the offset into the target region that an alias points + * to, as if the fourth argument to memory_region_init_alias() has changed. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be updated; should be an alias. + * @offset: the new offset into the target memory region + */ +void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr offset); + +/** + * memory_region_present: checks if an address relative to a @container + * translates into #MemoryRegion within @container + * + * Answer whether a #MemoryRegion within @container covers the address + * @addr. + * + * @container: a #MemoryRegion within which @addr is a relative address + * @addr: the area within @container to be searched + */ +bool memory_region_present(MemoryRegion *container, hwaddr addr); + +/** + * memory_region_is_mapped: returns true if #MemoryRegion is mapped + * into any address space. + * + * @mr: a #MemoryRegion which should be checked if it's mapped + */ +bool memory_region_is_mapped(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_get_ram_discard_manager: get the #RamDiscardManager for a + * #MemoryRegion + * + * The #RamDiscardManager cannot change while a memory region is mapped. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + */ +RamDiscardManager *memory_region_get_ram_discard_manager(MemoryRegion *mr); + +/** + * memory_region_has_ram_discard_manager: check whether a #MemoryRegion has a + * #RamDiscardManager assigned + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + */ +static inline bool memory_region_has_ram_discard_manager(MemoryRegion *mr) +{ + return !!memory_region_get_ram_discard_manager(mr); +} + +/** + * memory_region_set_ram_discard_manager: set the #RamDiscardManager for a + * #MemoryRegion + * + * This function must not be called for a mapped #MemoryRegion, a #MemoryRegion + * that does not cover RAM, or a #MemoryRegion that already has a + * #RamDiscardManager assigned. + * + * @mr: the #MemoryRegion + * @rdm: #RamDiscardManager to set + */ +void memory_region_set_ram_discard_manager(MemoryRegion *mr, + RamDiscardManager *rdm); + +/** + * memory_region_find: translate an address/size relative to a + * MemoryRegion into a #MemoryRegionSection. + * + * Locates the first #MemoryRegion within @mr that overlaps the range + * given by @addr and @size. + * + * Returns a #MemoryRegionSection that describes a contiguous overlap. + * It will have the following characteristics: + * - @size = 0 iff no overlap was found + * - @mr is non-%NULL iff an overlap was found + * + * Remember that in the return value the @offset_within_region is + * relative to the returned region (in the .@mr field), not to the + * @mr argument. + * + * Similarly, the .@offset_within_address_space is relative to the + * address space that contains both regions, the passed and the + * returned one. However, in the special case where the @mr argument + * has no container (and thus is the root of the address space), the + * following will hold: + * - @offset_within_address_space >= @addr + * - @offset_within_address_space + .@size <= @addr + @size + * + * @mr: a MemoryRegion within which @addr is a relative address + * @addr: start of the area within @as to be searched + * @size: size of the area to be searched + */ +MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, uint64_t size); + +/** + * memory_global_dirty_log_sync: synchronize the dirty log for all memory + * + * Synchronizes the dirty page log for all address spaces. + */ +void memory_global_dirty_log_sync(void); + +/** + * memory_global_dirty_log_sync: synchronize the dirty log for all memory + * + * Synchronizes the vCPUs with a thread that is reading the dirty bitmap. + * This function must be called after the dirty log bitmap is cleared, and + * before dirty guest memory pages are read. If you are using + * #DirtyBitmapSnapshot, memory_region_snapshot_and_clear_dirty() takes + * care of doing this. + */ +void memory_global_after_dirty_log_sync(void); + +/** + * memory_region_transaction_begin: Start a transaction. + * + * During a transaction, changes will be accumulated and made visible + * only when the transaction ends (is committed). + */ +void memory_region_transaction_begin(void); + +/** + * memory_region_transaction_commit: Commit a transaction and make changes + * visible to the guest. + */ +void memory_region_transaction_commit(void); + +/** + * memory_listener_register: register callbacks to be called when memory + * sections are mapped or unmapped into an address + * space + * + * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be called + * @filter: if non-%NULL, only regions in this address space will be observed + */ +void memory_listener_register(MemoryListener *listener, AddressSpace *filter); + +/** + * memory_listener_unregister: undo the effect of memory_listener_register() + * + * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be removed + */ +void memory_listener_unregister(MemoryListener *listener); + +/** + * memory_global_dirty_log_start: begin dirty logging for all regions + * + * @flags: purpose of starting dirty log, migration or dirty rate + */ +void memory_global_dirty_log_start(unsigned int flags); + +/** + * memory_global_dirty_log_stop: end dirty logging for all regions + * + * @flags: purpose of stopping dirty log, migration or dirty rate + */ +void memory_global_dirty_log_stop(unsigned int flags); + +void mtree_info(bool flatview, bool dispatch_tree, bool owner, bool disabled); + +/** + * memory_region_dispatch_read: perform a read directly to the specified + * MemoryRegion. + * + * @mr: #MemoryRegion to access + * @addr: address within that region + * @pval: pointer to uint64_t which the data is written to + * @op: size, sign, and endianness of the memory operation + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes to use for the access + */ +MemTxResult memory_region_dispatch_read(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, + uint64_t *pval, + MemOp op, + MemTxAttrs attrs); +/** + * memory_region_dispatch_write: perform a write directly to the specified + * MemoryRegion. + * + * @mr: #MemoryRegion to access + * @addr: address within that region + * @data: data to write + * @op: size, sign, and endianness of the memory operation + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes to use for the access + */ +MemTxResult memory_region_dispatch_write(MemoryRegion *mr, + hwaddr addr, + uint64_t data, + MemOp op, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + +/** + * address_space_init: initializes an address space + * + * @as: an uninitialized #AddressSpace + * @root: a #MemoryRegion that routes addresses for the address space + * @name: an address space name. The name is only used for debugging + * output. + */ +void address_space_init(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root, const char *name); + +/** + * address_space_destroy: destroy an address space + * + * Releases all resources associated with an address space. After an address space + * is destroyed, its root memory region (given by address_space_init()) may be destroyed + * as well. + * + * @as: address space to be destroyed + */ +void address_space_destroy(AddressSpace *as); + +/** + * address_space_remove_listeners: unregister all listeners of an address space + * + * Removes all callbacks previously registered with memory_listener_register() + * for @as. + * + * @as: an initialized #AddressSpace + */ +void address_space_remove_listeners(AddressSpace *as); + +/** + * address_space_rw: read from or write to an address space. + * + * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded + * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction, + * IOMMU fault). + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: the number of bytes to read or write + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + */ +MemTxResult address_space_rw(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, void *buf, + hwaddr len, bool is_write); + +/** + * address_space_write: write to address space. + * + * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded + * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction, + * IOMMU fault). + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: the number of bytes to write + */ +MemTxResult address_space_write(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, + const void *buf, hwaddr len); + +/** + * address_space_write_rom: write to address space, including ROM. + * + * This function writes to the specified address space, but will + * write data to both ROM and RAM. This is used for non-guest + * writes like writes from the gdb debug stub or initial loading + * of ROM contents. + * + * Note that portions of the write which attempt to write data to + * a device will be silently ignored -- only real RAM and ROM will + * be written to. + * + * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded + * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction, + * IOMMU fault). + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: the number of bytes to write + */ +MemTxResult address_space_write_rom(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, + const void *buf, hwaddr len); + +/* address_space_ld*: load from an address space + * address_space_st*: store to an address space + * + * These functions perform a load or store of the byte, word, + * longword or quad to the specified address within the AddressSpace. + * The _le suffixed functions treat the data as little endian; + * _be indicates big endian; no suffix indicates "same endianness + * as guest CPU". + * + * The "guest CPU endianness" accessors are deprecated for use outside + * target-* code; devices should be CPU-agnostic and use either the LE + * or the BE accessors. + * + * @as #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @val: data value, for stores + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @result: location to write the success/failure of the transaction; + * if NULL, this information is discarded + */ + +#define SUFFIX +#define ARG1 as +#define ARG1_DECL AddressSpace *as +#include "exec/memory_ldst.h.inc" + +#define SUFFIX +#define ARG1 as +#define ARG1_DECL AddressSpace *as +#include "exec/memory_ldst_phys.h.inc" + +struct MemoryRegionCache { + void *ptr; + hwaddr xlat; + hwaddr len; + FlatView *fv; + MemoryRegionSection mrs; + bool is_write; +}; + +#define MEMORY_REGION_CACHE_INVALID ((MemoryRegionCache) { .mrs.mr = NULL }) + + +/* address_space_ld*_cached: load from a cached #MemoryRegion + * address_space_st*_cached: store into a cached #MemoryRegion + * + * These functions perform a load or store of the byte, word, + * longword or quad to the specified address. The address is + * a physical address in the AddressSpace, but it must lie within + * a #MemoryRegion that was mapped with address_space_cache_init. + * + * The _le suffixed functions treat the data as little endian; + * _be indicates big endian; no suffix indicates "same endianness + * as guest CPU". + * + * The "guest CPU endianness" accessors are deprecated for use outside + * target-* code; devices should be CPU-agnostic and use either the LE + * or the BE accessors. + * + * @cache: previously initialized #MemoryRegionCache to be accessed + * @addr: address within the address space + * @val: data value, for stores + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @result: location to write the success/failure of the transaction; + * if NULL, this information is discarded + */ + +#define SUFFIX _cached_slow +#define ARG1 cache +#define ARG1_DECL MemoryRegionCache *cache +#include "exec/memory_ldst.h.inc" + +/* Inline fast path for direct RAM access. */ +static inline uint8_t address_space_ldub_cached(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + hwaddr addr, MemTxAttrs attrs, MemTxResult *result) +{ + assert(addr < cache->len); + if (likely(cache->ptr)) { + return ldub_p(cache->ptr + addr); + } else { + return address_space_ldub_cached_slow(cache, addr, attrs, result); + } +} + +static inline void address_space_stb_cached(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + hwaddr addr, uint8_t val, MemTxAttrs attrs, MemTxResult *result) +{ + assert(addr < cache->len); + if (likely(cache->ptr)) { + stb_p(cache->ptr + addr, val); + } else { + address_space_stb_cached_slow(cache, addr, val, attrs, result); + } +} + +#define ENDIANNESS _le +#include "exec/memory_ldst_cached.h.inc" + +#define ENDIANNESS _be +#include "exec/memory_ldst_cached.h.inc" + +#define SUFFIX _cached +#define ARG1 cache +#define ARG1_DECL MemoryRegionCache *cache +#include "exec/memory_ldst_phys.h.inc" + +/* address_space_cache_init: prepare for repeated access to a physical + * memory region + * + * @cache: #MemoryRegionCache to be filled + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @len: length of buffer + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + * + * Will only work with RAM, and may map a subset of the requested range by + * returning a value that is less than @len. On failure, return a negative + * errno value. + * + * Because it only works with RAM, this function can be used for + * read-modify-write operations. In this case, is_write should be %true. + * + * Note that addresses passed to the address_space_*_cached functions + * are relative to @addr. + */ +int64_t address_space_cache_init(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + AddressSpace *as, + hwaddr addr, + hwaddr len, + bool is_write); + +/** + * address_space_cache_invalidate: complete a write to a #MemoryRegionCache + * + * @cache: The #MemoryRegionCache to operate on. + * @addr: The first physical address that was written, relative to the + * address that was passed to @address_space_cache_init. + * @access_len: The number of bytes that were written starting at @addr. + */ +void address_space_cache_invalidate(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + hwaddr addr, + hwaddr access_len); + +/** + * address_space_cache_destroy: free a #MemoryRegionCache + * + * @cache: The #MemoryRegionCache whose memory should be released. + */ +void address_space_cache_destroy(MemoryRegionCache *cache); + +/* address_space_get_iotlb_entry: translate an address into an IOTLB + * entry. Should be called from an RCU critical section. + */ +IOMMUTLBEntry address_space_get_iotlb_entry(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + bool is_write, MemTxAttrs attrs); + +/* address_space_translate: translate an address range into an address space + * into a MemoryRegion and an address range into that section. Should be + * called from an RCU critical section, to avoid that the last reference + * to the returned region disappears after address_space_translate returns. + * + * @fv: #FlatView to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @xlat: pointer to address within the returned memory region section's + * #MemoryRegion. + * @len: pointer to length + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + * @attrs: memory attributes + */ +MemoryRegion *flatview_translate(FlatView *fv, + hwaddr addr, hwaddr *xlat, + hwaddr *len, bool is_write, + MemTxAttrs attrs); + +static inline MemoryRegion *address_space_translate(AddressSpace *as, + hwaddr addr, hwaddr *xlat, + hwaddr *len, bool is_write, + MemTxAttrs attrs) +{ + return flatview_translate(address_space_to_flatview(as), + addr, xlat, len, is_write, attrs); +} + +/* address_space_access_valid: check for validity of accessing an address + * space range + * + * Check whether memory is assigned to the given address space range, and + * access is permitted by any IOMMU regions that are active for the address + * space. + * + * For now, addr and len should be aligned to a page size. This limitation + * will be lifted in the future. + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @len: length of the area to be checked + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + * @attrs: memory attributes + */ +bool address_space_access_valid(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, hwaddr len, + bool is_write, MemTxAttrs attrs); + +/* address_space_map: map a physical memory region into a host virtual address + * + * May map a subset of the requested range, given by and returned in @plen. + * May return %NULL and set *@plen to zero(0), if resources needed to perform + * the mapping are exhausted. + * Use only for reads OR writes - not for read-modify-write operations. + * Use cpu_register_map_client() to know when retrying the map operation is + * likely to succeed. + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @plen: pointer to length of buffer; updated on return + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + * @attrs: memory attributes + */ +void *address_space_map(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + hwaddr *plen, bool is_write, MemTxAttrs attrs); + +/* address_space_unmap: Unmaps a memory region previously mapped by address_space_map() + * + * Will also mark the memory as dirty if @is_write == %true. @access_len gives + * the amount of memory that was actually read or written by the caller. + * + * @as: #AddressSpace used + * @buffer: host pointer as returned by address_space_map() + * @len: buffer length as returned by address_space_map() + * @access_len: amount of data actually transferred + * @is_write: indicates the transfer direction + */ +void address_space_unmap(AddressSpace *as, void *buffer, hwaddr len, + bool is_write, hwaddr access_len); + + +/* Internal functions, part of the implementation of address_space_read. */ +MemTxResult address_space_read_full(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, void *buf, hwaddr len); +MemTxResult flatview_read_continue(FlatView *fv, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, void *buf, + hwaddr len, hwaddr addr1, hwaddr l, + MemoryRegion *mr); +void *qemu_map_ram_ptr(RAMBlock *ram_block, ram_addr_t addr); + +/* Internal functions, part of the implementation of address_space_read_cached + * and address_space_write_cached. */ +MemTxResult address_space_read_cached_slow(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + hwaddr addr, void *buf, hwaddr len); +MemTxResult address_space_write_cached_slow(MemoryRegionCache *cache, + hwaddr addr, const void *buf, + hwaddr len); + +static inline bool memory_access_is_direct(MemoryRegion *mr, bool is_write) +{ + if (is_write) { + return memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !mr->readonly && + !mr->rom_device && !memory_region_is_ram_device(mr); + } else { + return (memory_region_is_ram(mr) && !memory_region_is_ram_device(mr)) || + memory_region_is_romd(mr); + } +} + +/** + * address_space_read: read from an address space. + * + * Return a MemTxResult indicating whether the operation succeeded + * or failed (eg unassigned memory, device rejected the transaction, + * IOMMU fault). Called within RCU critical section. + * + * @as: #AddressSpace to be accessed + * @addr: address within that address space + * @attrs: memory transaction attributes + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: length of the data transferred + */ +static inline __attribute__((__always_inline__)) +MemTxResult address_space_read(AddressSpace *as, hwaddr addr, + MemTxAttrs attrs, void *buf, + hwaddr len) +{ + MemTxResult result = MEMTX_OK; + hwaddr l, addr1; + void *ptr; + MemoryRegion *mr; + FlatView *fv; + + if (__builtin_constant_p(len)) { + if (len) { + RCU_READ_LOCK_GUARD(); + fv = address_space_to_flatview(as); + l = len; + mr = flatview_translate(fv, addr, &addr1, &l, false, attrs); + if (len == l && memory_access_is_direct(mr, false)) { + ptr = qemu_map_ram_ptr(mr->ram_block, addr1); + memcpy(buf, ptr, len); + } else { + result = flatview_read_continue(fv, addr, attrs, buf, len, + addr1, l, mr); + } + } + } else { + result = address_space_read_full(as, addr, attrs, buf, len); + } + return result; +} + +/** + * address_space_read_cached: read from a cached RAM region + * + * @cache: Cached region to be addressed + * @addr: address relative to the base of the RAM region + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: length of the data transferred + */ +static inline MemTxResult +address_space_read_cached(MemoryRegionCache *cache, hwaddr addr, + void *buf, hwaddr len) +{ + assert(addr < cache->len && len <= cache->len - addr); + fuzz_dma_read_cb(cache->xlat + addr, len, cache->mrs.mr); + if (likely(cache->ptr)) { + memcpy(buf, cache->ptr + addr, len); + return MEMTX_OK; + } else { + return address_space_read_cached_slow(cache, addr, buf, len); + } +} + +/** + * address_space_write_cached: write to a cached RAM region + * + * @cache: Cached region to be addressed + * @addr: address relative to the base of the RAM region + * @buf: buffer with the data transferred + * @len: length of the data transferred + */ +static inline MemTxResult +address_space_write_cached(MemoryRegionCache *cache, hwaddr addr, + const void *buf, hwaddr len) +{ + assert(addr < cache->len && len <= cache->len - addr); + if (likely(cache->ptr)) { + memcpy(cache->ptr + addr, buf, len); + return MEMTX_OK; + } else { + return address_space_write_cached_slow(cache, addr, buf, len); + } +} + +#ifdef NEED_CPU_H +/* enum device_endian to MemOp. */ +static inline MemOp devend_memop(enum device_endian end) +{ + QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(DEVICE_HOST_ENDIAN != DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN && + DEVICE_HOST_ENDIAN != DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN); + +#if defined(HOST_WORDS_BIGENDIAN) != defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN) + /* Swap if non-host endianness or native (target) endianness */ + return (end == DEVICE_HOST_ENDIAN) ? 0 : MO_BSWAP; +#else + const int non_host_endianness = + DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN ^ DEVICE_BIG_ENDIAN ^ DEVICE_HOST_ENDIAN; + + /* In this case, native (target) endianness needs no swap. */ + return (end == non_host_endianness) ? MO_BSWAP : 0; +#endif +} +#endif + +/* + * Inhibit technologies that require discarding of pages in RAM blocks, e.g., + * to manage the actual amount of memory consumed by the VM (then, the memory + * provided by RAM blocks might be bigger than the desired memory consumption). + * This *must* be set if: + * - Discarding parts of a RAM blocks does not result in the change being + * reflected in the VM and the pages getting freed. + * - All memory in RAM blocks is pinned or duplicated, invaldiating any previous + * discards blindly. + * - Discarding parts of a RAM blocks will result in integrity issues (e.g., + * encrypted VMs). + * Technologies that only temporarily pin the current working set of a + * driver are fine, because we don't expect such pages to be discarded + * (esp. based on guest action like balloon inflation). + * + * This is *not* to be used to protect from concurrent discards (esp., + * postcopy). + * + * Returns 0 if successful. Returns -EBUSY if a technology that relies on + * discards to work reliably is active. + */ +int ram_block_discard_disable(bool state); + +/* + * See ram_block_discard_disable(): only disable uncoordinated discards, + * keeping coordinated discards (via the RamDiscardManager) enabled. + */ +int ram_block_uncoordinated_discard_disable(bool state); + +/* + * Inhibit technologies that disable discarding of pages in RAM blocks. + * + * Returns 0 if successful. Returns -EBUSY if discards are already set to + * broken. + */ +int ram_block_discard_require(bool state); + +/* + * See ram_block_discard_require(): only inhibit technologies that disable + * uncoordinated discarding of pages in RAM blocks, allowing co-existance with + * technologies that only inhibit uncoordinated discards (via the + * RamDiscardManager). + */ +int ram_block_coordinated_discard_require(bool state); + +/* + * Test if any discarding of memory in ram blocks is disabled. + */ +bool ram_block_discard_is_disabled(void); + +/* + * Test if any discarding of memory in ram blocks is required to work reliably. + */ +bool ram_block_discard_is_required(void); + +#endif + +#endif |