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authorAngelos Mouzakitis <a.mouzakitis@virtualopensystems.com>2023-10-10 14:33:42 +0000
committerAngelos Mouzakitis <a.mouzakitis@virtualopensystems.com>2023-10-10 14:33:42 +0000
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+---
+short-description: Generic python module
+authors:
+ - name: Mathieu Duponchelle
+ email: mathieu@centricular.com
+ years: [2018]
+ has-copyright: false
+...
+
+# Python module
+
+This module provides support for finding and building extensions against
+python installations, be they python 2 or 3.
+
+*Added 0.46.0*
+
+## Functions
+
+### `find_installation()`
+
+``` meson
+pymod.find_installation(name_or_path, ...)
+```
+
+Find a python installation matching `name_or_path`.
+
+That argument is optional, if not provided then the returned python
+installation will be the one used to run Meson.
+
+If provided, it can be:
+
+- A simple name, eg `python-2.7`, Meson will look for an external program
+ named that way, using [find_program]
+
+- A path, eg `/usr/local/bin/python3.4m`
+
+- One of `python2` or `python3`: in either case, the module will try
+ some alternative names: `py -2` or `py -3` on Windows, and `python`
+ everywhere. In the latter case, it will check whether the version
+ provided by the sysconfig module matches the required major version
+
+Keyword arguments are the following:
+
+- `required`: by default, `required` is set to `true` and Meson will
+ abort if no python installation can be found. If `required` is set to `false`,
+ Meson will continue even if no python installation was found. You can
+ then use the `.found()` method on the returned object to check
+ whether it was found or not. Since *0.48.0* the value of a
+ [`feature`](Build-options.md#features) option can also be passed to the
+ `required` keyword argument.
+- `disabler`: if `true` and no python installation can be found, return a
+ [disabler object](Reference-manual.md#disabler-object) instead of a not-found object.
+ *Since 0.49.0*
+- `modules`: a list of module names that this python installation must have.
+ *Since 0.51.0*
+
+**Returns**: a [python installation][`python_installation` object]
+
+## `python_installation` object
+
+The `python_installation` object is an [external program], with several
+added methods.
+
+### Methods
+
+#### `path()`
+
+```meson
+str py_installation.path()
+```
+
+*Added 0.50.0*
+
+Works like the path method of other `ExternalProgram` objects. Was not
+provided prior to 0.50.0 due to a bug.
+
+#### `extension_module()`
+
+``` meson
+shared_module py_installation.extension_module(module_name, list_of_sources, ...)
+```
+
+Create a `shared_module` target that is named according to the naming
+conventions of the target platform.
+
+All positional and keyword arguments are the same as for
+[shared_module], excluding `name_suffix` and `name_prefix`, and with
+the addition of the following:
+
+- `subdir`: By default, Meson will install the extension module in
+ the relevant top-level location for the python installation, eg
+ `/usr/lib/site-packages`. When subdir is passed to this method,
+ it will be appended to that location. This keyword argument is
+ mutually exclusive with `install_dir`
+
+`extension_module` does not add any dependencies to the library so
+user may need to add `dependencies : py_installation.dependency()`,
+see [][`dependency()`].
+
+**Returns**: a [buildtarget object]
+
+#### `dependency()`
+
+``` meson
+python_dependency py_installation.dependency(...)
+```
+
+This method accepts no positional arguments, and the same keyword
+arguments as the standard [dependency] function. It also supports the
+following keyword argument:
+
+- `embed`: *(since 0.53.0)* If true, Meson will try to find a python
+ dependency that can be used for embedding python into an
+ application.
+
+**Returns**: a [python dependency][`python_dependency` object]
+
+#### `install_sources()`
+
+``` meson
+void py_installation.install_sources(list_of_files, ...)
+```
+
+Install actual python sources (`.py`).
+
+All positional and keyword arguments are the same as for
+[install_data], with the addition of the following:
+
+- `pure`: On some platforms, architecture independent files are
+ expected to be placed in a separate directory. However, if the
+ python sources should be installed alongside an extension module
+ built with this module, this keyword argument can be used to
+ override that behaviour. Defaults to `true`
+
+- `subdir`: See documentation for the argument of the same name to
+ [][`extension_module()`]
+
+#### `get_install_dir()`
+
+``` meson
+string py_installation.get_install_dir(...)
+```
+
+Retrieve the directory [][`install_sources()`] will install to.
+
+It can be useful in cases where `install_sources` cannot be used
+directly, for example when using [configure_file].
+
+This function accepts no arguments, its keyword arguments are the same
+as [][`install_sources()`].
+
+**Returns**: A string
+
+#### `language_version()`
+
+``` meson
+string py_installation.language_version()
+```
+
+Get the major.minor python version, eg `2.7`.
+
+The version is obtained through the `sysconfig` module.
+
+This function expects no arguments or keyword arguments.
+
+**Returns**: A string
+
+#### `get_path()`
+
+``` meson
+string py_installation.get_path(path_name, fallback)
+```
+
+Get a path as defined by the `sysconfig` module.
+
+For example:
+
+``` meson
+purelib = py_installation.get_path('purelib')
+```
+
+This function requires at least one argument, `path_name`,
+which is expected to be a non-empty string.
+
+If `fallback` is specified, it will be returned if no path
+with the given name exists. Otherwise, attempting to read
+a non-existing path will cause a fatal error.
+
+**Returns**: A string
+
+#### `has_path()`
+
+``` meson
+ bool py_installation.has_path(path_name)
+```
+
+**Returns**: true if a path named `path_name` can be retrieved with
+[][`get_path()`], false otherwise.
+
+#### `get_variable()`
+
+``` meson
+string py_installation.get_variable(variable_name, fallback)
+```
+
+Get a variable as defined by the `sysconfig` module.
+
+For example:
+
+``` meson
+py_bindir = py_installation.get_variable('BINDIR', '')
+```
+
+This function requires at least one argument, `variable_name`,
+which is expected to be a non-empty string.
+
+If `fallback` is specified, it will be returned if no variable
+with the given name exists. Otherwise, attempting to read
+a non-existing variable will cause a fatal error.
+
+**Returns**: A string
+
+#### `has_variable()`
+
+``` meson
+ bool py_installation.has_variable(variable_name)
+```
+
+**Returns**: true if a variable named `variable_name` can be retrieved
+with [][`get_variable()`], false otherwise.
+
+## `python_dependency` object
+
+This [dependency object] subclass will try various methods to obtain
+the compiler and linker arguments, starting with pkg-config then
+potentially using information obtained from python's `sysconfig`
+module.
+
+It exposes the same methods as its parent class.
+
+[find_program]: Reference-manual.md#find_program
+[shared_module]: Reference-manual.md#shared_module
+[external program]: Reference-manual.md#external-program-object
+[dependency]: Reference-manual.md#dependency
+[install_data]: Reference-manual.md#install_data
+[configure_file]: Reference-manual.md#configure_file
+[dependency object]: Reference-manual.md#dependency-object
+[buildtarget object]: Reference-manual.md#build-target-object