Add submodule dependency filesHEADmaster

Change-Id: Iaf8d18082d3991dec7c0ebbea540f092188eb4ec

1 files changed, 786 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/roms/u-boot/tools/mkimage.c b/roms/u-boot/tools/mkimage.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cc7b242fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/roms/u-boot/tools/mkimage.c
@@ -0,0 +1,786 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+/*
+ * (C) Copyright 2008 Semihalf
+ *
+ * (C) Copyright 2000-2009
+ * DENX Software Engineering
+ * Wolfgang Denk, wd@denx.de
+ */
+
+#include "imagetool.h"
+#include "mkimage.h"
+#include "imximage.h"
+#include <image.h>
+#include <version.h>
+
+static void copy_file(int, const char *, int);
+
+/* parameters initialized by core will be used by the image type code */
+static struct image_tool_params params = {
+	.os = IH_OS_LINUX,
+	.arch = IH_ARCH_PPC,
+	.type = IH_TYPE_KERNEL,
+	.comp = IH_COMP_GZIP,
+	.dtc = MKIMAGE_DEFAULT_DTC_OPTIONS,
+	.imagename = "",
+	.imagename2 = "",
+};
+
+static enum ih_category cur_category;
+
+static int h_compare_category_name(const void *vtype1, const void *vtype2)
+{
+	const int *type1 = vtype1;
+	const int *type2 = vtype2;
+	const char *name1 = genimg_get_cat_short_name(cur_category, *type1);
+	const char *name2 = genimg_get_cat_short_name(cur_category, *type2);
+
+	return strcmp(name1, name2);
+}
+
+static int show_valid_options(enum ih_category category)
+{
+	int *order;
+	int count;
+	int item;
+	int i;
+
+	count = genimg_get_cat_count(category);
+	order = calloc(count, sizeof(*order));
+	if (!order)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	/* Sort the names in order of short name for easier reading */
+	for (i = 0, item = 0; i < count; i++, item++) {
+		while (!genimg_cat_has_id(category, item) && i < count) {
+			item++;
+			count--;
+		}
+		order[i] = item;
+	}
+	cur_category = category;
+	qsort(order, count, sizeof(int), h_compare_category_name);
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "\nInvalid %s, supported are:\n",
+		genimg_get_cat_desc(category));
+	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+		item = order[i];
+		fprintf(stderr, "\t%-15s  %s\n",
+			genimg_get_cat_short_name(category, item),
+			genimg_get_cat_name(category, item));
+	}
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+	free(order);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void usage(const char *msg)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr, "Error: %s\n", msg);
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s -l image\n"
+			 "          -l ==> list image header information\n",
+		params.cmdname);
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"       %s [-x] -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep -n name -d data_file[:data_file...] image\n"
+		"          -A ==> set architecture to 'arch'\n"
+		"          -O ==> set operating system to 'os'\n"
+		"          -T ==> set image type to 'type'\n"
+		"          -C ==> set compression type 'comp'\n"
+		"          -a ==> set load address to 'addr' (hex)\n"
+		"          -e ==> set entry point to 'ep' (hex)\n"
+		"          -n ==> set image name to 'name'\n"
+		"          -d ==> use image data from 'datafile'\n"
+		"          -x ==> set XIP (execute in place)\n",
+		params.cmdname);
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"       %s [-D dtc_options] [-f fit-image.its|-f auto|-F] [-b <dtb> [-b <dtb>]] [-E] [-B size] [-i <ramdisk.cpio.gz>] fit-image\n"
+		"           <dtb> file is used with -f auto, it may occur multiple times.\n",
+		params.cmdname);
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"          -D => set all options for device tree compiler\n"
+		"          -f => input filename for FIT source\n"
+		"          -i => input filename for ramdisk file\n"
+		"          -E => place data outside of the FIT structure\n"
+		"          -B => align size in hex for FIT structure and header\n");
+#ifdef CONFIG_FIT_SIGNATURE
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"Signing / verified boot options: [-k keydir] [-K dtb] [ -c <comment>] [-p addr] [-r] [-N engine]\n"
+		"          -k => set directory containing private keys\n"
+		"          -K => write public keys to this .dtb file\n"
+		"          -G => use this signing key (in lieu of -k)\n"
+		"          -c => add comment in signature node\n"
+		"          -F => re-sign existing FIT image\n"
+		"          -p => place external data at a static position\n"
+		"          -r => mark keys used as 'required' in dtb\n"
+		"          -N => openssl engine to use for signing\n");
+#else
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"Signing / verified boot not supported (CONFIG_FIT_SIGNATURE undefined)\n");
+#endif
+	fprintf(stderr, "       %s -V ==> print version information and exit\n",
+		params.cmdname);
+	fprintf(stderr, "Use '-T list' to see a list of available image types\n");
+
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static int add_content(int type, const char *fname)
+{
+	struct content_info *cont;
+
+	cont = calloc(1, sizeof(*cont));
+	if (!cont)
+		return -1;
+	cont->type = type;
+	cont->fname = fname;
+	if (params.content_tail)
+		params.content_tail->next = cont;
+	else
+		params.content_head = cont;
+	params.content_tail = cont;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define OPT_STRING "a:A:b:B:c:C:d:D:e:Ef:Fk:i:K:ln:N:p:O:rR:qstT:vVx"
+static void process_args(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char *ptr;
+	int type = IH_TYPE_INVALID;
+	char *datafile = NULL;
+	int opt;
+
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv,
+		   "a:A:b:B:c:C:d:D:e:Ef:FG:k:i:K:ln:N:p:O:rR:qstT:vVx")) != -1) {
+		switch (opt) {
+		case 'a':
+			params.addr = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
+			if (*ptr) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid load address %s\n",
+					params.cmdname, optarg);
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'A':
+			params.arch = genimg_get_arch_id(optarg);
+			if (params.arch < 0) {
+				show_valid_options(IH_ARCH);
+				usage("Invalid architecture");
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'b':
+			if (add_content(IH_TYPE_FLATDT, optarg)) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"%s: Out of memory adding content '%s'",
+					params.cmdname, optarg);
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'B':
+			params.bl_len = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
+			if (*ptr) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid block length %s\n",
+					params.cmdname, optarg);
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+
+			break;
+		case 'c':
+			params.comment = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'C':
+			params.comp = genimg_get_comp_id(optarg);
+			if (params.comp < 0) {
+				show_valid_options(IH_COMP);
+				usage("Invalid compression type");
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			params.datafile = optarg;
+			params.dflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'D':
+			params.dtc = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'e':
+			params.ep = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
+			if (*ptr) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid entry point %s\n",
+					params.cmdname, optarg);
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+			params.eflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'E':
+			params.external_data = true;
+			break;
+		case 'f':
+			datafile = optarg;
+			params.auto_its = !strcmp(datafile, "auto");
+			/* fallthrough */
+		case 'F':
+			/*
+			 * The flattened image tree (FIT) format
+			 * requires a flattened device tree image type
+			 */
+			params.type = IH_TYPE_FLATDT;
+			params.fflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'G':
+			params.keyfile = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'i':
+			params.fit_ramdisk = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'k':
+			params.keydir = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'K':
+			params.keydest = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'l':
+			params.lflag = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'n':
+			params.imagename = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'N':
+			params.engine_id = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'O':
+			params.os = genimg_get_os_id(optarg);
+			if (params.os < 0) {
+				show_valid_options(IH_OS);
+				usage("Invalid operating system");
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			params.external_offset = strtoull(optarg, &ptr, 16);
+			if (*ptr) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: invalid offset size %s\n",
+					params.cmdname, optarg);
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'q':
+			params.quiet = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			params.require_keys = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'R':
+			/*
+			 * This entry is for the second configuration
+			 * file, if only one is not enough.
+			 */
+			params.imagename2 = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			params.skipcpy = 1;
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			params.reset_timestamp = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'T':
+			if (strcmp(optarg, "list") == 0) {
+				show_valid_options(IH_TYPE);
+				exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+			}
+			type = genimg_get_type_id(optarg);
+			if (type < 0) {
+				show_valid_options(IH_TYPE);
+				usage("Invalid image type");
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'v':
+			params.vflag++;
+			break;
+		case 'V':
+			printf("mkimage version %s\n", PLAIN_VERSION);
+			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+		case 'x':
+			params.xflag++;
+			break;
+		default:
+			usage("Invalid option");
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* The last parameter is expected to be the imagefile */
+	if (optind < argc)
+		params.imagefile = argv[optind];
+
+	/*
+	 * For auto-generated FIT images we need to know the image type to put
+	 * in the FIT, which is separate from the file's image type (which
+	 * will always be IH_TYPE_FLATDT in this case).
+	 */
+	if (params.type == IH_TYPE_FLATDT) {
+		params.fit_image_type = type ? type : IH_TYPE_KERNEL;
+		/* For auto_its, datafile is always 'auto' */
+		if (!params.auto_its)
+			params.datafile = datafile;
+		else if (!params.datafile)
+			usage("Missing data file for auto-FIT (use -d)");
+	} else if (type != IH_TYPE_INVALID) {
+		if (type == IH_TYPE_SCRIPT && !params.datafile)
+			usage("Missing data file for script (use -d)");
+		params.type = type;
+	}
+
+	if (!params.imagefile)
+		usage("Missing output filename");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int ifd = -1;
+	struct stat sbuf;
+	char *ptr;
+	int retval = 0;
+	struct image_type_params *tparams = NULL;
+	int pad_len = 0;
+	int dfd;
+	size_t map_len;
+
+	params.cmdname = *argv;
+	params.addr = 0;
+	params.ep = 0;
+
+	process_args(argc, argv);
+
+	/* set tparams as per input type_id */
+	tparams = imagetool_get_type(params.type);
+	if (tparams == NULL) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: unsupported type %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, genimg_get_type_name(params.type));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * check the passed arguments parameters meets the requirements
+	 * as per image type to be generated/listed
+	 */
+	if (tparams->check_params)
+		if (tparams->check_params (&params))
+			usage("Bad parameters for image type");
+
+	if (!params.eflag) {
+		params.ep = params.addr;
+		/* If XIP, entry point must be after the U-Boot header */
+		if (params.xflag)
+			params.ep += tparams->header_size;
+	}
+
+	if (params.fflag){
+		if (tparams->fflag_handle)
+			/*
+			 * in some cases, some additional processing needs
+			 * to be done if fflag is defined
+			 *
+			 * For ex. fit_handle_file for Fit file support
+			 */
+			retval = tparams->fflag_handle(&params);
+
+		if (retval != EXIT_SUCCESS)
+			exit (retval);
+	}
+
+	if (params.lflag || params.fflag) {
+		ifd = open (params.imagefile, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY);
+	} else {
+		ifd = open (params.imagefile,
+			O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC|O_BINARY, 0666);
+	}
+
+	if (ifd < 0) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+			strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (params.lflag || params.fflag) {
+		/*
+		 * list header information of existing image
+		 */
+		if (fstat(ifd, &sbuf) < 0) {
+			fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+				strerror(errno));
+			exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		if ((unsigned)sbuf.st_size < tparams->header_size) {
+			fprintf (stderr,
+				"%s: Bad size: \"%s\" is not valid image\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.imagefile);
+			exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		ptr = mmap(0, sbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, ifd, 0);
+		if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
+			fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't read %s: %s\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+				strerror(errno));
+			exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		if (params.fflag) {
+			/*
+			 * Verifies the header format based on the expected header for image
+			 * type in tparams
+			 */
+			retval = imagetool_verify_print_header_by_type(ptr, &sbuf,
+					tparams, &params);
+		} else {
+			/**
+			 * When listing the image, we are not given the image type. Simply check all
+			 * image types to find one that matches our header
+			 */
+			retval = imagetool_verify_print_header(ptr, &sbuf,
+					tparams, &params);
+		}
+
+		(void) munmap((void *)ptr, sbuf.st_size);
+		(void) close (ifd);
+
+		exit (retval);
+	}
+
+	if ((params.type != IH_TYPE_MULTI) && (params.type != IH_TYPE_SCRIPT)) {
+		dfd = open(params.datafile, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
+		if (dfd < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.datafile,
+				strerror(errno));
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		if (fstat(dfd, &sbuf) < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.datafile,
+				strerror(errno));
+			exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		params.file_size = sbuf.st_size + tparams->header_size;
+		close(dfd);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * In case there an header with a variable
+	 * length will be added, the corresponding
+	 * function is called. This is responsible to
+	 * allocate memory for the header itself.
+	 */
+	if (tparams->vrec_header)
+		pad_len = tparams->vrec_header(&params, tparams);
+	else
+		memset(tparams->hdr, 0, tparams->header_size);
+
+	if (write(ifd, tparams->hdr, tparams->header_size)
+					!= tparams->header_size) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (!params.skipcpy) {
+		if (params.type == IH_TYPE_MULTI ||
+		    params.type == IH_TYPE_SCRIPT) {
+			char *file = params.datafile;
+			uint32_t size;
+
+			for (;;) {
+				char *sep = NULL;
+
+				if (file) {
+					if ((sep = strchr(file, ':')) != NULL) {
+						*sep = '\0';
+					}
+
+					if (stat (file, &sbuf) < 0) {
+						fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
+							 params.cmdname, file, strerror(errno));
+						exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+					}
+					size = cpu_to_uimage (sbuf.st_size);
+				} else {
+					size = 0;
+				}
+
+				if (write(ifd, (char *)&size, sizeof(size)) != sizeof(size)) {
+					fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+						 params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+						 strerror(errno));
+					exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+				}
+
+				if (!file) {
+					break;
+				}
+
+				if (sep) {
+					*sep = ':';
+					file = sep + 1;
+				} else {
+					file = NULL;
+				}
+			}
+
+			file = params.datafile;
+
+			for (;;) {
+				char *sep = strchr(file, ':');
+				if (sep) {
+					*sep = '\0';
+					copy_file (ifd, file, 1);
+					*sep++ = ':';
+					file = sep;
+				} else {
+					copy_file (ifd, file, 0);
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		} else if (params.type == IH_TYPE_PBLIMAGE) {
+			/* PBL has special Image format, implements its' own */
+			pbl_load_uboot(ifd, &params);
+		} else if (params.type == IH_TYPE_ZYNQMPBIF) {
+			/* Image file is meta, walk through actual targets */
+			int ret;
+
+			ret = zynqmpbif_copy_image(ifd, &params);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} else if (params.type == IH_TYPE_IMX8IMAGE) {
+			/* i.MX8/8X has special Image format */
+			int ret;
+
+			ret = imx8image_copy_image(ifd, &params);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} else if (params.type == IH_TYPE_IMX8MIMAGE) {
+			/* i.MX8M has special Image format */
+			int ret;
+
+			ret = imx8mimage_copy_image(ifd, &params);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} else if ((params.type == IH_TYPE_RKSD) ||
+				(params.type == IH_TYPE_RKSPI)) {
+			/* Rockchip has special Image format */
+			int ret;
+
+			ret = rockchip_copy_image(ifd, &params);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
+		} else {
+			copy_file(ifd, params.datafile, pad_len);
+		}
+		if (params.type == IH_TYPE_FIRMWARE_IVT) {
+			/* Add alignment and IVT */
+			uint32_t aligned_filesize = ALIGN(params.file_size,
+							  0x1000);
+			flash_header_v2_t ivt_header = { { 0xd1, 0x2000, 0x40 },
+					params.addr, 0, 0, 0, params.addr
+							+ aligned_filesize
+							- tparams->header_size,
+					params.addr + aligned_filesize
+							- tparams->header_size
+							+ 0x20, 0 };
+			int i = params.file_size;
+			for (; i < aligned_filesize; i++) {
+				if (write(ifd, (char *) &i, 1) != 1) {
+					fprintf(stderr,
+							"%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+							params.cmdname,
+							params.imagefile,
+							strerror(errno));
+					exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+				}
+			}
+			if (write(ifd, &ivt_header, sizeof(flash_header_v2_t))
+					!= sizeof(flash_header_v2_t)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+						params.cmdname,
+						params.imagefile,
+						strerror(errno));
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* We're a bit of paranoid */
+#if defined(_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO) && \
+   !defined(__sun__) && \
+   !defined(__FreeBSD__) && \
+   !defined(__OpenBSD__) && \
+   !defined(__APPLE__)
+	(void) fdatasync (ifd);
+#else
+	(void) fsync (ifd);
+#endif
+
+	if (fstat(ifd, &sbuf) < 0) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+	params.file_size = sbuf.st_size;
+
+	map_len = sbuf.st_size;
+	ptr = mmap(0, map_len, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, ifd, 0);
+	if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't map %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* Setup the image header as per input image type*/
+	if (tparams->set_header)
+		tparams->set_header (ptr, &sbuf, ifd, &params);
+	else {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't set header for %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, tparams->name, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	/* Print the image information by processing image header */
+	if (tparams->print_header)
+		tparams->print_header (ptr);
+	else {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't print header for %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, tparams->name);
+	}
+
+	(void)munmap((void *)ptr, map_len);
+
+	/* We're a bit of paranoid */
+#if defined(_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO) && \
+   !defined(__sun__) && \
+   !defined(__FreeBSD__) && \
+   !defined(__OpenBSD__) && \
+   !defined(__APPLE__)
+	(void) fdatasync (ifd);
+#else
+	(void) fsync (ifd);
+#endif
+
+	if (close(ifd)) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
+}
+
+static void
+copy_file (int ifd, const char *datafile, int pad)
+{
+	int dfd;
+	struct stat sbuf;
+	unsigned char *ptr;
+	int tail;
+	int zero = 0;
+	uint8_t zeros[4096];
+	int offset = 0;
+	int size, ret;
+	struct image_type_params *tparams = imagetool_get_type(params.type);
+
+	memset(zeros, 0, sizeof(zeros));
+
+	if (params.vflag) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "Adding Image %s\n", datafile);
+	}
+
+	if ((dfd = open(datafile, O_RDONLY|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't open %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (fstat(dfd, &sbuf) < 0) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't stat %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	ptr = mmap(0, sbuf.st_size, PROT_READ, MAP_SHARED, dfd, 0);
+	if (ptr == MAP_FAILED) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: Can't read %s: %s\n",
+			params.cmdname, datafile, strerror(errno));
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	if (params.xflag) {
+		unsigned char *p = NULL;
+		/*
+		 * XIP: do not append the image_header_t at the
+		 * beginning of the file, but consume the space
+		 * reserved for it.
+		 */
+
+		if ((unsigned)sbuf.st_size < tparams->header_size) {
+			fprintf (stderr,
+				"%s: Bad size: \"%s\" is too small for XIP\n",
+				params.cmdname, datafile);
+			exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+
+		for (p = ptr; p < ptr + tparams->header_size; p++) {
+			if ( *p != 0xff ) {
+				fprintf (stderr,
+					"%s: Bad file: \"%s\" has invalid buffer for XIP\n",
+					params.cmdname, datafile);
+				exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+		}
+
+		offset = tparams->header_size;
+	}
+
+	size = sbuf.st_size - offset;
+
+	ret = write(ifd, ptr + offset, size);
+	if (ret != size) {
+		if (ret < 0)
+			fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+				 params.cmdname, params.imagefile, strerror(errno));
+		else if (ret < size)
+			fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write only %d/%d bytes, "\
+				 "probably no space left on the device\n",
+				 params.cmdname, ret, size);
+		exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+	}
+
+	tail = size % 4;
+	if ((pad == 1) && (tail != 0)) {
+
+		if (write(ifd, (char *)&zero, 4-tail) != 4-tail) {
+			fprintf (stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+				params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+				strerror(errno));
+			exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
+		}
+	} else if (pad > 1) {
+		while (pad > 0) {
+			int todo = sizeof(zeros);
+
+			if (todo > pad)
+				todo = pad;
+			if (write(ifd, (char *)&zeros, todo) != todo) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "%s: Write error on %s: %s\n",
+					params.cmdname, params.imagefile,
+					strerror(errno));
+				exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+			}
+			pad -= todo;
+		}
+	}
+
+	(void) munmap((void *)ptr, sbuf.st_size);
+	(void) close (dfd);
+}