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Diffstat (limited to 'roms/opensbi/docs/firmware')
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw.md | 111 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_dynamic.md | 35 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_jump.md | 51 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_payload.md | 72 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_linux.md | 9 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_uboot.md | 15 |
6 files changed, 293 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..cc0cc9e56 --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw.md @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +OpenSBI Platform Firmwares +========================== + +OpenSBI provides firmware builds for specific platforms. Different types of +firmwares are supported to deal with the differences between different platforms +early boot stage. All firmwares will execute the same initialization procedure +of the platform hardware according to the platform specific code as well as +OpenSBI generic library code. The supported firmwares type will differ in how +the arguments passed by the platform early boot stage are handled, as well as +how the boot stage following the firmware will be handled and executed. + +OpenSBI currently supports three different types of firmwares. + +Firmware with Dynamic Information (*FW_DYNAMIC*) +------------------------------------------------ + +The *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware gets information about the next booting stage entry, +e.g. a bootloader or an OS kernel, from previous booting stage at runtime. + +A *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to OpenSBI firmware is capable of loading both the OpenSBI firmware +and the booting stage binary to follow OpenSBI firmware. + +Firmware with Jump Address (*FW_JUMP*) +-------------------------------------- + +The *FW_JUMP* firmware assumes a fixed address of the next booting stage +entry, e.g. a bootloader or an OS kernel, without directly including the +binary code for this next stage. + +A *FW_JUMP* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to OpenSBI firmware is capable of loading both the OpenSBI firmware +and the booting stage binary to follow OpenSBI firmware. + +Firmware with Payload (*FW_PAYLOAD*) +------------------------------------ + +The *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware directly includes the binary code for the booting +stage to follow OpenSBI firmware execution. Typically, this payload will be a +bootloader or an OS kernel. + +A *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to OpenSBI firmware is not capable of loading both OpenSBI firmware and +the booting stage to follow OpenSBI firmware. + +A *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware is also useful for cases where the booting stage prior +to OpenSBI firmware does not pass a *flattened device tree (FDT file)*. In such +case, a *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware allows embedding a flattened device tree in the +.text section of the final firmware. + +Firmware Configuration and Compilation +-------------------------------------- + +All firmware types support the following common compile time configuration +parameters: + +* **FW_TEXT_ADDR** - Defines the execution address of the OpenSBI firmware. + This configuration parameter is mandatory. +* **FW_FDT_PATH** - Path to an external flattened device tree binary file to + be embedded in the *.rodata* section of the final firmware. If this option + is not provided then the firmware will expect the FDT to be passed as an + argument by the prior booting stage. +* **FW_FDT_PADDING** - Optional zero bytes padding to the embedded flattened + device tree binary file specified by **FW_FDT_PATH** option. + +Additionally, each firmware type as a set of type specific configuration +parameters. Detailed information for each firmware type can be found in the +following documents. + +* *[FW_DYNAMIC]*: The *Firmware with Dynamic Information (FW_DYNAMIC)* is + described in more details in the file *fw_dynamic.md*. +* *[FW_JUMP]*: The *Firmware with Jump Address (FW_JUMP)* is described in more + details in the file *fw_jump.md*. +* *[FW_PAYLOAD]*: The *Firmware with Payload (FW_PAYLOAD)* is described in more + details in the file *fw_payload.md*. + +[FW_DYNAMIC]: fw_dynamic.md +[FW_JUMP]: fw_jump.md +[FW_PAYLOAD]: fw_payload.md + +Providing different payloads to OpenSBI Firmware +------------------------------------------------ +OpenSBI firmware can accept various payloads using a compile time option. +Typically, these payloads refer to the next stage boot loader (e.g. U-Boot) +or operating system kernel images (e.g. Linux). By default, OpenSBI +automatically provides a test payload if no specific payload is specified +at compile time. + +To specify a payload at compile time, the make variable _FW_PAYLOAD_PATH_ is +used. +``` +make PLATFORM=<platform_subdir> FW_PAYLOAD_PATH=<payload path> +``` +The instructions to build each payload is different and the details can +be found in the +*docs/firmware/payload_<payload_name>.md* files. + +Options for OpenSBI Firmware behaviors +-------------------------------------- +An optional compile time flag FW_OPTIONS can be used to control the OpenSBI +firmware run-time behaviors. + +``` +make PLATFORM=<platform_subdir> FW_OPTIONS=<options> +``` + +FW_OPTIONS is a bitwise or'ed value of various options, eg: *FW_OPTIONS=0x1* +stands for disabling boot prints from the OpenSBI library. + +For all supported options, please check "enum sbi_scratch_options" in the +*include/sbi/sbi_scratch.h* header file. diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_dynamic.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_dynamic.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..01f43f9f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_dynamic.md @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +OpenSBI Firmware with Dynamic Information (FW_DYNAMIC) +====================================================== + +OpenSBI **firmware with dynamic info (FW_DYNAMIC)** is a firmware which gets +information about next booting stage (e.g. a bootloader or an OS) and runtime +OpenSBI library options from previous booting stage. + +The previous booting stage will pass information to *FW_DYNAMIC* by creating +*struct fw_dynamic_info* in memory and passing it's address to *FW_DYNAMIC* +via *a2* register of RISC-V CPU. + +A *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to OpenSBI firmware is capable of loading both the OpenSBI firmware and +the booting stage binary to follow OpenSBI firmware. + +*FW_DYNAMIC* Compilation +------------------------ + +A platform can enable *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware using any of the following methods. + +1. Specifying `FW_DYNAMIC=y` on the top level `make` command line. +2. Specifying `FW_DYNAMIC=y` in the target platform *config.mk* configuration +file. + +The compiled *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware ELF file is named *fw_dynamic.elf*. It's +expanded image file is *fw_dynamic.bin*. Both files are created in the platform +specific build directory under the *build/platform/<platform_subdir>/firmware* +directory. + +*FW_DYNAMIC* Firmware Configuration Options +------------------------------------------- + +The *FW_DYNAMIC* firmware does not requires any platform specific configuration +parameters because all required information is passed by previous booting stage +at runtime via *struct fw_dynamic_info*. diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_jump.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_jump.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..eea301387 --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_jump.md @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +OpenSBI Firmware with Jump Address (FW_JUMP) +============================================ + +OpenSBI **firmware with Jump Address (FW_JUMP)** is a firmware which only +handles the address of the next booting stage entry, e.g. a bootloader or an OS +kernel, without directly including the binary code for this next stage. + +A *FW_JUMP* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to the OpenSBI firmware is capable of loading both the OpenSBI firmware +and the booting stage binary to follow the OpenSBI firmware. + +*FW_JUMP* Compilation +--------------------- + +A platform *FW_JUMP* firmware can be enabled by any of the following methods: + +1. Specifying `FW_JUMP=y` on the top level `make` command line. +2. Specifying `FW_JUMP=y` in the target platform *config.mk* configuration file. + +The compiled *FW_JUMP* firmware ELF file is named *fw_jump.elf*. Its expanded +image file is *fw_jump.bin*. Both files are created in the platform-specific +build directory under the *build/platform/<platform_subdir>/firmware* directory. + +*FW_JUMP* Firmware Configuration Options +---------------------------------------- + +To operate correctly, a *FW_JUMP* firmware requires some configuration +parameters to be defined using either the top level `make` command line or the +target platform *config.mk* configuration file. The possible parameters are as +follows: + +* **FW_JUMP_ADDR** - Address of the entry point of the booting stage to be + executed following OpenSBI firmware. This address generally corresponds + exactly to the address where this next booting stage was loaded. This is a + mandatory parameter. Compilation errors will result from not defining this + address. + +* **FW_JUMP_FDT_ADDR** - Address where the *flattened device tree (FDT file)* + passed by the prior booting stage will be placed in memory before executing + the booting stage following the OpenSBI firmware. If this option is not + provided, then the OpenSBI firmware will pass the FDT address passed by the + previous booting stage to the next booting stage. + +*FW_JUMP* Example +----------------- + +The *[qemu/virt]* platform illustrates how to configure and use a *FW_JUMP* +firmware. Detailed information regarding these platforms can be found in the +platform documentation files. + +[qemu/virt]: ../platform/qemu_virt.md diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_payload.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_payload.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..094744806 --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/fw_payload.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +OpenSBI Firmware with Payload (FW_PAYLOAD) +========================================== + +OpenSBI **firmware with Payload (FW_PAYLOAD)** is a firmware which directly +includes the binary for the booting stage to follow the OpenSBI firmware +execution. Typically, this payload will be a bootloader or an OS kernel. + +A *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware is particularly useful when the booting stage executed +prior to the OpenSBI firmware is not capable of loading both the OpenSBI +firmware and the booting stage to follow OpenSBI firmware. + +A *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware is also useful for cases where the booting stage prior +to the OpenSBI firmware does not pass a *flattened device tree (FDT file)*. In +such a case, a *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware allows embedding a flattened device tree +in the .text section of the final firmware. + +Enabling *FW_PAYLOAD* compilation +--------------------------------- + +The *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware can be enabled by any of the following methods: + +1. Specifying `FW_PAYLOAD=y` on the top level `make` command line. +2. Specifying `FW_PAYLOAD=y` in the target platform *config.mk* configuration + file. + +The compiled *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware ELF file is named *fw_jump.elf*. Its +expanded image file is *fw_payload.bin*. Both files are created in the +platform-specific build directory under the +*build/platform/<platform_subdir>/firmware* directory. + +Configuration Options +--------------------- + +A *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware is built according to configuration parameters and +options. These configuration parameters can be defined using either the top +level `make` command line or the target platform *config.mk* configuration +file. The parameters currently defined are as follows: + +* **FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET** - Offset from *FW_TEXT_BASE* where the payload binary + will be linked in the final *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware binary image. This + configuration parameter is mandatory if *FW_PAYLOAD_ALIGN* is not defined. + Compilation errors will result from an incorrect definition of + *FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET* or of *FW_PAYLOAD_ALIGN*, or if neither of these + parameters are defined. + +* **FW_PAYLOAD_ALIGN** - Address alignment constraint where the payload binary + will be linked after the end of the base firmware binary in the final + *FW_PAYLOAD* firmware binary image. This configuration parameter is mandatory + if *FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET* is not defined. If both *FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET* and + *FW_PAYLOAD_ALIGN* are defined, *FW_PAYLOAD_OFFSET* is used and + *FW_PAYLOAD_ALIGN* is ignored. + +* **FW_PAYLOAD_PATH** - Path to the image file of the next booting stage + binary. If this option is not provided then a simple test payload is + automatically generated and used as a payload. This test payload executes + an infinite `while (1)` loop after printing a message on the platform console. + +* **FW_PAYLOAD_FDT_ADDR** - Address where the FDT passed by the prior booting + stage or specified by the *FW_FDT_PATH* parameter and embedded in the + *.rodata* section will be placed before executing the next booting stage, + that is, the payload firmware. If this option is not provided, then the + firmware will pass the FDT address passed by the previous booting stage + to the next booting stage. + +*FW_PAYLOAD* Example +-------------------- + +The *[qemu/virt]* platforms illustrate how to configure and use a *FW_PAYLOAD* +firmware. Detailed information regarding these platforms can be found in the +platform documentation files. + +[qemu/virt]: ../platform/qemu_virt.md diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_linux.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_linux.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e896567ab --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_linux.md @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +Linux as a direct payload to OpenSBI +==================================== + +OpenSBI has the capability to load a Linux kernel image directly in supervisor +mode. The flattened image generated by the Linux kernel build process can be +provided as a payload to OpenSBI. + +Detailed examples can be found in both the [QEMU](../platform/qemu_virt.md) +and the [HiFive Unleashed](../platform/sifive_fu540.md) platform guides. diff --git a/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_uboot.md b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_uboot.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..b8f0803e2 --- /dev/null +++ b/roms/opensbi/docs/firmware/payload_uboot.md @@ -0,0 +1,15 @@ +U-Boot as a payload to OpenSBI +============================== + +[U-Boot](https://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot) is an open-source primary boot loader. +It can be used as first and/or second stage boot loader in an embedded +environment. In the context of OpenSBI, U-Boot can be specified as a payload to +the OpenSBI firmware, becoming the boot stage following the OpenSBI firmware +execution. + +Building and Generating U-Boot images +===================================== +Please refer to the U-Boot build documentation for detailed instructions on +how to build U-Boot image and boot high level operating systems from U-Boot +prompt. + |